The main legal point established is the requirement of proving continuous possession and the creation of tenancy under the Punjab Tenancy Act, 1887, and the Punjab Occupancy Tenants Act, 1951.

JUDGMENT :

Anil Kshetarpal, J.

1. The plaintiffs-appellants have filed the present Regular Second Appeal against concurrent findings of fact arrived at by the Courts below while dismissing the suit filed for grant of decree of declaration that the plaintiffs have become owners in possession by virtue of Section 3 of Punjab Occupancy Tenants (Vesting of Proprietory Rights) Act, 1951 on acquisition of occupancy rights under Section 5 to 8 of the Punjab Tenancy Act, 1887 being in continuous possession for a period of more than 30 years as tenants on payment of nominal lagan with respect to land measuring 24 kanals i.e 3 acres.

2. The plaintiffs claimed that their ancestor Jawahara and after his death, Dhanna s/o Jawahara cultivated the suit land alongwith his brothers Moti Ram and Surja Ram as tenants. Dhanna Ram and Surja Ram died unmarried and after the death of Moti Ram, his son Bhadar came in possession of suit land. Bhadar s/o Moti Ram was in continuous possession thereof on payment of Rs.15/- as lagan for more than 60-70 years. The defendant no.1- Gram Panchayat contested the suit by asserting that entry in the revenue record showing the ancestors of the plaintiffs to be in cultivating possession of the suit land on payment of lagan are totally wrong. It was further asserted that actually Mani Ram s/o Jiram is in illegal possession of the suit land and the Gram Panchayat has been wanting to eject him from the same. After framing of the issues, parties were permitted to lead evidence and thereafter, both the Courts as noticed above dismissed the suit filed by the plaintiffs.

3. This Court has heard learned counsel for the appellants at length and with his able assistance gone through the judgments passed by the Courts below.

4. Learned counsel for the appellants submitted that as per the revenue record, it is established on record that the plaintiffs or their predecessor are recorded in possession in 1964-65, Jamabandi Ex.P-14. He further contended that the possession of the plaintiffs or their predecessors is recorded on payment of Rs. 15/- as lagan. He, hence, submitted that the plaintiffs have fulfilled the requirement of continuous possession for a period of 30 years as laid down under sub section 2 of Section 5 of Punjab Tenancy Act, 1887 and therefore, have become owner as per the provisions of the 1952 Act.

5. This Court has considered the submissions of the learned counsel for the appellants and find no substance therein on account of more than one reasons hereinafter discussed:-

(i) The defendant no.1-Gram Panchayat is a jurist person, created by a statute. Property is recorded in the revenue record as shamlat deh. Tenancy is created by a bilateral contract between the parties. The plaintiffs have failed to prove as to when that bilateral contract, even if oral, was entered into. The Gram Panchayat can lease out the property in accordance with the statutory provisions. Previously, the working of Gram Panchayats was governed by the Punjab Gram Panchayat Act, 1952 which was later on repealed and substituted by the Haryana Panchayati Raj Act, 1994. Both these Acts regulate the working of the Gram Panchayat including lease of the property which vests in the Gram Panchayat. In the absence of evidence of how the tenancy came into existence which can only be through a resolution because defendant no.1 is a juristic person, a multi member body, it would not be appropriate to hold that the plaintiffs or their predecessor were tenants of the land in dispute under the Gram Panchayat.

(ii) The property is recorded as shamlat deh in the revenue record. The land described as shamlat deh in the revenue record is governed by the provisions of the Punjab Village Common Lands (Regulation ) Act, 1961. Section 4 (3) (ii) deals with vesting of land in the Gram Panchayat. On careful reading of clause (ii), it is apparent that a person who claims that a particular property does not vest in Gram Panchayat is required to prove that he or they are i