2018 Supreme(P&H) 4439
IN THE HIGH COURT FOR THE STATES OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
Amit Rawal, J.
Didar Singh (since Deceased) Through Lrs - Appellant
Versus
Amar Singh (since Deceased) Through Lrs - Respondent
RSA No. 4379 of 2000 (O&M)
Decided On : 21-09-2018
Ms. Suman, Advocate for Mr. M.S.Lobana, Advocate, for the Appellant; Mr. Ashish Kapoor, Advocate and Mr. M.S.Rana, Advocate, for the Respondent
Headnote:
Adverse Possession - Partition Proceedings - Punjab Land Revenue Act - Section 158(2) - Civil Procedure Code - Section 97(1) - [Adverse Possession] - [Partition Proceedings] - [Punjab Land Revenue Act, Section 158(2), Civil Procedure Code, Section 97(1)] - The court discussed the plea of adverse possession and the jurisdiction of the revenue court to entertain partition proceedings. It highlighted the essential requirements of adverse possession and the finality of partition proceedings, emphasizing the bar on challenging partition proceedings in the civil court as per Section 158(2) of the Punjab Land Revenue Act. The court also addressed the applicability of Section 97(1) of the Civil Procedure Code in the context of the Punjab Courts Act, 1918, and the impact of the Supreme Court's decision in Pankajakshi's case on the framing of substantial questions of law.
Fact of the Case:
The plaintiffs filed a suit for possession of a property after partition proceedings, which was contested by the defendant on the grounds of adverse possession and jurisdiction of the revenue court. The trial court decreed the suit, but the lower appellate court set aside the judgment, leading to the present appeal.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the defendant failed to prove adverse possession and that the partition proceedings had attained finality, barring any challenge in the civil court as per Section 158(2) of the Punjab Land Revenue Act. It also held that the Lower Appellate Court erred in its findings regarding the jurisdiction of the revenue court and the construction raised on the property. The court set aside the judgment of the lower appellate court and restored the trial court's decree.
Issues: The issues included the entitlement to possession, joint ownership, validity of partition, jurisdiction of the revenue court, maintainability of the suit, and adverse possession.
Ratio Decidendi: The court's decision was based on the failure to prove adverse possession, the finality of partition proceedings, the jurisdiction of the revenue court as per Section 158(2) of the Punjab Land Revenue Act, and the impact of the Supreme Court's decision in Pankajakshi's case on the framing of substantial questions of law.
Final Decision: The regular second appeal was allowed, and the judgment and decree of the lower appellate court were set aside, while the trial court's decree was restored.
JUDGMENT
Amit Rawal, J. - The appellant-plaintiffs are in Regular Second Appeal against the judgment and decree dated 22.09.2000 of the Lower Appellate Court, whereby, judgment and decree rendered by the trial Court decreeing the suit of the plaintiffs for possession of the suit property, has been set aside, in essence, suit decreed by the trial Court, has been dismissed.
2. The plaintiffs-Didar Singh, Amrik Singh and Gurnam Singh instituted the suit against defendant-Amar Singh son of Telu Ram for possession after demolition of any construction raised in the land comprised in khata no.1954/2187 khasra no.477/2(0-4) situated in Kharar as per the jamabandi for the year 1986-87 (hereinafter referred to as "suit property") on the premise that in pursuance to the partition proceedings initiated in 1966 and decided on 10.08.1988, the instrument of partition (sanad takseem) and warrants of possession were issued/executed on 04.08.1989. The portion of khasra number, ibid was vacant, whereas portion where the defendant constructed a wall had fixed a gate but only symbolic possession of the same was delivered to the plaintiffs as the revenue authorities did not have power to demolish the same and in lieu thereof, photocopy of rapat roznamcha dated 4.8.1989 was attached. Defendant being strong head person by taking advantage that suit property was lying vacant taken the forcible possession on 24.12.1989. The mater was, immediately, reported to the Kharar police by lodging a report but no action was taken. The suit for permanent injunction during the vacation period was filed and the vacation Judge was pleased to grant the injunction restraining the defendant from encroaching and raising any construction in khasra no.477/2 but by the time, the said injunction order could be served upon the defendant, he had already trespassed upon the land of the plaintiffs, therefore, the suit for possession was filed.
3. The aforementioned suit was contested by the defendant-Amar Singh by raising a plea that land, alongwith other khasra nos.477 (0-12) and 483, was jointly owned and possessed by the plaintiffs and defendant and many other right-holders. It was not covered by the definition of the land as per the provisions of Punjab Land Revenue Act, therefore, revenue officer was not competent to entertain the application for partition or pass partition order, thus, the orders were without jurisdiction. The allotment of khasra no.477/2 to the plaintiffs was denied as well as the instrument of partition. The defendant had constructed a boundary wall around khasra no.477 which bore a municipal number and occupied house, therefore, jurisdiction of the revenue Court was ex facie barred. Even during the consolidation, khewat and khasra numbers were bifurcated. In order to create the confusion, the suit for partition of only one khasra number was filed which was in possession of answering defendant but did not include the other khasra number, i.e., 483. The entire area of khasra no.483 was of six marlas. No warrants of possession were ever issued or executed. However, in paragraph 2 raised the following pleas:-
"In fact, the answering is in possession of the land in dispute since the last more than 30 years without any interruption from any person and his possession has been open hostil, notorious to all co-sharers and hence the defendant has become owner by adverse possession also."
It was further averred that defendant in his own right has constructed shops and two rooms and entire land was surrounded by boundary wall as no portion of khasra no.477 was lying vacant at any point of time. The defendant had also additionally raised the plea of maintainability of the suit and sought dismissal of the suit being bad for want of arraying the necessary parties.
4. Replication was filed, wherein, the plea of adverse possession was emphatically denied.
5. Since the parties were at variance, the trial Court framed the following issues:-
"1. Whether the plaintiff is en