IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
Mahabir Singh Sindhu, J.
Jiya Lal (deceased) - Appellant
Versus
Raj Kumar (deceased) - Respondent
RSA No.857 of 1988 (O&M)
Decided On : 12-01-2021
PRE-EMPTION - RIGHT OF CO-SHARER - SECTION 15(1)(B) CLAUSE 'FOURTHLY' OF THE PUNJAB PRE-EMPTION ACT, 1913 - SALE OF SHARE OUT OF JOINT LAND - RIGHT OF PRE-EMPTION VESTS IN OTHER CO-SHARERS - CO-SHARER MUST PROVE HIS RIGHT OF PRE-EMPTION ON THREE IMPORTANT DATES - DATE OF SALE, DATE OF FILING OF SUIT, AND DATE OF ADJUDICATION OF SUIT - RIGHT OF PRE-EMPTION IS MANDATORY AND NOT DISCRETIONARY.
Fact of the Case:
Respondent, claiming himself to be a co-sharer in the 'Khewat' comprising suit land, filed suit for pre-emption, which was decreed by both the courts below. Appellants are in second appeal under section 41 of The Punjab Courts Act, 1918.
Finding of the Court:
Respondent is a co-sharer in the khewat comprising the suit land; he was having neither any knowledge about the sale of suit land by the vendors; nor ever consented for the same; impugned judgments and decrees passed by both the courts below are perfectly legal, valid and justified while decreeing the suit of the plaintiff/respondent for preemption.
Issues: Whether respondent is a co-sharer in the khewat comprising the suit land?; Whether respondent was having any knowledge of the sale of suit land and he consented for the same at any point of time?; Whether impugned judgments and decrees passed by both the courts below while decreeing the suit of the respondent for pre-emption are legally sustainable?
Ratio Decidendi: Right of pre-emption is a piratical right and it imposes restriction on the right of the owner to transfer or alienate his/her property in favour of a person of his choice, therefore, the same should be construed strictly.
Final Decision: Appeal dismissed.
ORDER
Mahabir Singh Sindhu, J. - Controversy in the present case relates to right of pre-emption of a co-sharer in terms of Section - 15 (l)(b), Clause 'Fourth' of The Punjab Pre-emption Act, 1913 (as applicable to State of Haryana) for short "the Act" and the part of the text existing at the relevant point of time, reads as under:-
"15 Persons in whom right of pre-emption vest in respect of sales of Agricultural land and village immovable property-
(1) The right of pre-emption in respect of agricultural land and village immovable property shall vest-
(a)......................................................
(b) Where the sale is of a share out of joint land or property and is not made by all the co-sharers jointly:-
FIRST................................................
SECONDLY........................................
THIRDLY............................................
FOURTHLY, in the other co-charers;
FIFTHLY............................................
(c) .............................................."
2. Subject matter of the Us is agricultural land measuring 35 Kanals, 2 Marias, hereinafter referred as "suit land"; which was purchased by appellants-vendees (defendants No. 1 to 5) from defendants No. 6 to 12 (Vendors), vide registered sale deed dated 14.06.1986. Respondent-sole Plaintiff (now deceased), claiming himself to be a co-sharer in the 'Khewat' comprising suit land, filed suit for pre-emption , which was decreed by both the courts below.
Unsuccessful appellants are in second appeal under section 41 of The Punjab Courts Act, 1918; for short "the Punjab Courts Act".
3. Suit was filed by respondent on the premise that:-
(i) he is a co-sharer in the khewat comprising the suit land; whereas the appellants are having no concern with the same;
(ii) no notice regarding the sale of suit land was ever issued to him by the vendors;
(iii) suit land was sold for an amount of Rs.98,000/-, but just to defeat his right, in the sale deed total consideration has been reflected as Rs.1,20,000/- wherein fictitious amount of Rs.22,000/- is included to have been paid at the time of agreement to sell.
4. Appellants No.1 to 4 filed joint written statement; whereas, separate response was filed by appellant No.5 raising the following pleas:-
(i) respondent is not a co-sharer in the Khewat comprising the suit land;
(ii) he refused to purchase the suit land due to shortage of funds and thereafter, appellants purchased the same with his consent;
(iii) sale-deed was executed by the vendors after receiving the total sale consideration of Rs.1,20,000/- being the market price;
(iv) also submitted that in case the suit of respondent is decreed, the appellants are entitled to recover an amount of Rs. 15,000/-as stamp duty, Rs.503.75 paisa being registration fee and Rs.22/- for writing charges as well as Rs. 10,000/- spent for improvement of the suit land. Respondent filed replication and reiterated the contents of plaint while controverting the objections of the appellants raised in their respective written statements.
5. On the basis of pleadings of the parties, learned trial court framed following issues:-
"1. Whether plaintiff being co-sharer with vendors in the khewat comprising the suit land has got superior right of pre-emption against defendant set No. 1 over the suit land? OPP.
2. Whether Rs. 1,20,000/- as sale consideration of the suit land was fixed in good faith and actually paid by defendant set No. 1 to vendors? OPP.
3. Issue No. 2 is not proved, then what was the prevailing market price of the suit land at the time of sale? OPP.
4. Whether plaintiff has got no locus standi to file the suit? OPD.
5. Whether plaintiff has got no cause of action to file the suit? OPD.
6. Whether the suit is under valued for the purposes of court fees? OPD.
7. Whether in the event of decree of the suit defendants set No. 1 are entitled to recover Rs. 15525.75 P. as stamp expenses registration charges and writing charges from plaintiff? OPD.
8. Whether the plaintiff is estopped by hi
Ajmer Singh versus Dharam Singh 2006(2) RCR(Civ) 541
Atam Parkash vs. State of Haryana and ors (1986) 2 SCC 249
Babu Verguese vs. Bar Council of Kerala
Gurdial Singh & others vs. Mam Chand 2011 (1) RCR(Civ) 690
Hans Nath vs. Ragho Prasad Singh
Jai Singh and others vs. Gurmej Singh (2009) 15 SCC 747
Pankajakshi (Dead) th. LRs. vs. Chandrika and ors. (2016) 6 SCC 157
Pokhar (dead) by LRs vs. Ram Singh (2009) 16 SCC 625
Ram Niwas vs. Kalu Ram & others 2012 (4) RCR(Civ) 56
Randhir Kaur vs. Prithvi Pal Singh and others
Rati Ram and others vs. Mam Chand and others AIR 1959 P&H 117 DB
Roshan Lal and others vs. Sadhu and another 2011 (1) RCR(Civ) 210
Sham Sunder and others vs. Ram Kumar and others (2001) 8 SCC 24
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