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2003 Supreme(All) 372

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
M. Katju and Prakash Krishna, JJ.
MOHD. ATIQ KHAN - Appellant
Versus
UNION OF INDIA - Respondents
C. M. W. P. 23974 Of 2001
Decided On : 02/20/2003

Advocates Appeared:
GOVIND SARAN, Mool Behari Saxena, S.R.Nigam, Shitla Prasad Pandey

Under Muslim Law, there is no provision for adoption and no custom of adoption among Muslims.

Headnote:

Adoption - Muslim Law - The court held that there is no provision for adoption under Muslim Law and that there is no custom of adoption in Muslims.

Fact of the Case:

The petitioner, claiming to be the nephew of a deceased railway employee, sought appointment under the Dying-in-Harness Rules based on his alleged adoption by the deceased. The application was rejected, leading to the petitioner filing a petition before the Central Administrative Tribunal.

Finding of the Court:

The court found that there is no provision for adoption under Muslim Law and that there is no evidence or proof of adoption in the present case.

Issues: The issue was whether a Muslim can adopt any person, and whether the petitioner was entitled to appointment under the Dying-in-Harness Rules based on his alleged adoption.

Ratio Decidendi: The court relied on the Full Bench decision of the Court and established that while there is a doctrine of acknowledgement of paternity among Muslims, there is no provision for adoption in Muslim Law.

Final Decision: The petition was dismissed due to the lack of merit.

M. KATJU AND PRAKASH KRISHNA, JJ.

( 1 ) HEARD Sri Mool Bihari Saxena, learned counsel for the petitioner and Sri. S. R. Nigam, learned counsel appearing for the respondents.

( 2 ) THE petitioner has challenged the impugned order dated 21. 3. 2002, Annexure-2 to the writ petition passed by the Central Administrative Tribunal, Allahabad.

( 3 ) THE petitioner claims to be nephew of Mohd. Yusuf who was working as Trolley Man under the Assistant Signal Telecommunication Engineer who was posted in the office of Divisional railway Manager, Allahabad. It is alleged that Mohd. Yusuf had no son except three daughters and, therefore, he adopted the petitioner on 5. 12. 1987. All the three daughters of Mohd Yusuf are married and, therefore, the petitioner is living from the date of adoption with Mohd. Yusuf. Mohd. Yusuf bequeathed his property to his nephew. Mohd. Yusuf died leaving behind him his widow and the petitioner. The widow prayed that the petitioner should be given appointment under the provisions of the Dying-in-Harness Rules. The said application of the petitioner was rejected on the ground that there is no provision for adoption under Muslim Law. Feeling aggrieved, the applicant filed an original application before the Central Administrative Tribunal, allahabad Branch, which has been dismissed.

( 4 ) THE question in this case is as to whether a Muslim can adopt any person. Learned counsel for the petitioner has relied on the decision of a learned single Judge of Madras High Court in the case of Maulvi Mohd. v. State of Madras, AIR 1984 Mad 7 and the decision of a single Judge of jammu and Kashmir High Court in Mst. Khatija v. Abdul. Razzak, AIR 1977 Jandk 44. Both the aforesaid decisions are of learned single Judges of different High Courts and hence, they are not binding on us.

( 5 ) THE aforesaid decisions relied on some custom among the local Muslims. We doubt that there can be any custom of adoption in Muslims. At any event, no such question arose here because there is neither evidence nor proof of adoption of the petitioner or of the custom in the present case.

( 6 ) IN the Full Bench decision of this Court rendered by Justice Mahmood in Muhammad allahabad Khan v. Muhammad Ismail Khan, (1888) ILR 10 All 290, it was pointed out that while among the Muslims, there is doctrine of acknowledgement of paternity, there is no question of adoption in Muslim Law. This is also the view expressed in Mullas Muslim Law vide Chapter XVII and in the Principles of Mohammedan Law by Amir Ali vide Part II Chapter i.

( 7 ) FOR the reasons given above, there is no merit in this petition and it is accordingly dismissed.


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