UNIYAL, J. : These three connected second appeals have been referred to us by a learned single Judge as he was of the view that the opinion expressed by Mahmud, J. in the case of Abdul Kadir v. Salima, (1886) ILR 8 All 149 (FB) that a Mohammedan wife has no right to refuse herself to bet husband if her prompt dower is not paid when the marriage has been consummated with her consent, is in the nature of an obiter dictum and requires reconsideration.

2. The facts giving rise to these appeals may now be stated. Two suits were filed, one by Smt. Rabia Khatoon against her husband for dissolution of marriage and the other by Mohammad Mukhtar Ahmad against the wife for restitution of conjugal rights Parties were married in 1948. The marriage was consummated with the consent of the wife and a son was born of the wedlock in 1951 The wife went to her father's house shortly after the birth of the child in 1951. Mohammad Mukhtar, the husband, went to brine his wife Smt. Rabia Khatoon some time in April or May 1951 but she refused to come back. No maintenance allowance was paid by the husband to the wife since 1951, and the suit giving rise to these appeals came to be filed in 1956.

3. I