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1976 Supreme(All) 252

HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
P.N. Bakshi, J.
Syed Ahmad
Versus
Rais Ahmed
Decided On : 29 July 1976

The Magistrate has the jurisdiction to pass the order of attachment under Section 146 Cr. P. C. after making the preliminary order under Section 145(1) Cr. P. C. and the non-recording of two separate orders, one for the preliminary order and the other for the order of attachment, would at the most amount to an irregularity, which would be curable under Section 465 Cr. P. C.

Headnote:

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE, 1973 - SECTION 145, 146 - ATTACHMENT OF PROPERTY - EMERGENCY - JURISDICTION OF MAGISTRATE - ORDER OF ATTACHMENT - VALIDITY - INHERENT POWERS OF HIGH COURT - INTEREST OF JUSTICE.

Fact of the Case:

The petitioners filed an application under Section 145 Cr. P. C. with respect to immovable property. The Magistrate passed a preliminary order and an order of attachment on the same day, considering the case to be one of emergency. The opposite parties challenged the order before the Sessions Judge, who dismissed the revision. The petitioners then filed an application under Section 482 Cr. P. C. in the High Court, contending that the Magistrate had no jurisdiction to decide the dispute and that the rights of the parties had to be determined by a competent court.

Finding of the Court:

The High Court held that the Magistrate had the jurisdiction to pass the order of attachment under Section 146 Cr. P. C. after making the preliminary order under Section 145(1) Cr. P. C. The Court also held that the non-recording of two separate orders, one for the preliminary order and the other for the order of attachment, would at the most amount to an irregularity, which would be curable under Section 465 Cr. P. C. The Court further held that the order of attachment was in the interest of justice as it was passed to prevent a breach of peace between the two warring parties.

Issues: 1. Whether the Magistrate had the jurisdiction to pass the order of attachment under Section 146 Cr. P. C. after making the preliminary order under Section 145(1) Cr. P. C.? 2. Whether the non-recording of two separate orders, one for the preliminary order and the other for the order of attachment, would vitiate the impugned order? 3. Whether the order of attachment was in the interest of justice?

Ratio Decidendi: 1. The Court held that the Magistrate had the jurisdiction to pass the order of attachment under Section 146 Cr. P. C. after making the preliminary order under Section 145(1) Cr. P. C. The Court relied on the plain reading of Section 146(1) Cr. P. C., which states that the order for attaching the property on the ground of emergency can be made after making the order under Sub-section (1) of Section 145 Cr. P. C., i.e., after passing the preliminary order. 2. The Court held that the non-recording of two separate orders, one for the preliminary order and the other for the order of attachment, would at the most amount to an irregularity, which would be curable under Section 465 Cr. P. C. The Court observed that the Magistrate had exercised his independent mind on both these questions separately in the impugned order and that there was nothing in Section 146(1) Cr. P. C. to indicate that these two orders must be written out separately. 3. The Court held that the order of attachment was in the interest of justice as it was passed to prevent a breach of peace between the two warring parties. The Court observed that the Magistrate had considered the question of passing of the preliminary order and after being satisfied he made a preliminary order and thereafter he considered the question of attachment of property and then made an order attaching the property.

Final Decision: The High Court allowed the application under Section 482 Cr. P. C. and quashed the impugned order of the Sub-Divisional Magistrate dated 15th May, 1976, calling upon the parties to file written statements and produce evidence in support of their claim in proceedings under Section 145 Cr. P. C.

P. N. BAKSHI, J.

( 1 ) THE petitioners filed an application under Section 145 Cr. P. C. with respect to immovable property. The learned Magistrate being satisfied that there was an apprehension of the breach of peace, passed a preliminary order on 24th March, 1976. Considering the case one of emergency, Me also directed attachment of the property. Aggrieved by this order a revision was filed by the opposite parties before the Sessions Judge, Hamirpur. This revision was dismissed on 30th April, 1976. Thereafter none of the parties approached this Court, with the result that the order dated 24th March, 1976 became final between the parties. It appears from a perusal of Annexure 5 that on 15th May, 1976 the Sub-Divisional Magistrate, Mahoba directed the opposite parties to file their written statement and to produce evidence in support of their respective claim by 21st May 1976. Aggrieved by this order the instant application under Section 482 Cr. P. C. was filed in this Court.

( 2 ) IT may be mentioned at this stage that the crops which constituted the subject- matter of the dispute were in the custody of the Receiver appointed by the civil court. These crops have been sold and the auction money amounting to Rs. 21,000/- is lying in deposit in the court of the Sub-Divisional Magistrate, Mahoba.

( 3 ) I have heard learned Counsel for the parties. The petitioner contended that after an Order of attachment is passed under Section 146 Cr. P. C. (New) by the Magistrate on the ground that the case is one of emergency, he has no jurisdiction to decide the dispute with regard to the property involved therein, and that the rights of the parties have to be determined by a competent court. He submits that since the order of attachment was passed on 24th March, 1976 and since that order has now become final between the parties, it is not open to the Sub-Divisional Magistrate to proceed further and to direct the parties to file their written tatementa and to produce their evidence in support of their respective claims.

( 4 ) COUNSEL for the opposite parties, on the other hand, has contended that the order dated 24th March, 1976 passed by the Sub-Divisional Magistrate was without jurisdiction. He submits that a preliminary order under Section 145 (1) Cr. P. C. must precede the passing of an order attaching the disputed property under Section 146 Cr. P. C. In short, the submiflsion is that the preliminary order and the order of attachment cannot be a combined order, each must be a separate order, one following the other.

( 5 ) THE further admitted facts in this case are that Suit No. 16 of 1976 is pending in the court of the District Judge, Hamirpur, between the parties with respect to the subject-matter in dispute, the proceeds of which are lying In deposit with the Sub-Divisional Magistrate. It is also admitted by the parties that a suit under Section 229-B read with Section 176 of the U. P. Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act is also pending between the parties in which the rights of the contestants have to be decided.

( 6 ) SECTION 146 (1) Cr. P. C. New runs as follows:

(1) If the Magistrate at any time after making the order under Sub-section (1) of Section 145 considers the case to toe one of emergency, or if he decides that none of the parties was then in such possession as is referred to in Section 145, or if he is unable to satisfy himself as to which of them was then in such possession of the subject of dispute, he may attach the subject of dispute until a competent Court has determined the rights of the parties thereto with regard to the person entitled to the possession thereof -. . . . . . . . . (2) When the Magistrate attaches the subject of dispute, he may, if no receiver in relation to such subject of dispute has been appointed by any Civil Court, make such arrangements as he considers proper for looking after the property or if he thinks fit, appoint a receiver thereof, who shall have subject to the control of the Magistra









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