Since there is a common question of law and fact involved in all the petitions, therefore, all these petitions have been heard together and are being disposed of by this common judgment.

2. The main controversy is in between the Adhoc Junior Engineers (hereinafter referred as adhoc J. Es.), who were ap pointed by the State Government pursu ant to the advertisement in the year 1983 and were regularized from the date of their initial appointments under the U. P Regularization of Adhoc Appointments Rules, 1979 on 14-02-1990 and 27-07-1990 and the Directly Recruited Junior Engineers (here-in-after as direct Recruits), who were appointed through the Public Serv ice Commission after the regularization of Adhoc J. Es.

3. It is admitted case of the parties that in view of the shortage of Junior En gineers in Hill Districts of the erstwhile State of Uttar Pradesh, the Government of Uttar Pradesh vide order dated 05-05-1982 took a decision to fill up the posts by Ad-hoc appointments and authorized the Head of the Department to

proceed with the appointment process. The Engineer-in-Chief, PWD, Lucknow invited applications for the posts of Junior Engineers on Ad-hoc basis for