HIGH COURT OF ALLAHBAD
UPADHYA, J.
Atiqa Khatoon
Versus
Aqila Bano
Second Appeal No. 1507 of 1948
Decided On : 12-12-1955
EASEMENT - RIGHT OF WAY - JOINT OWNERSHIP OF SERVIENT TENEMENT - WHETHER OWNER OF DOMINANT TENEMENT CAN CLAIM EASEMENT OVER JOINT LAND - INDIAN EASEMENTS ACT, 1882, S. 15.
Fact of the Case:
Plaintiffs alleged that defendants opened a door and constructed a parnalaon their land, causing trespass and water flow issues. Defendants claimed easement rights due to the old existence of the door and parnala.
Finding of the Court:
The lower appellate court allowed the defendants' appeal in part, recognizing the right of way through the door but dismissing the claim regarding the parnala.
Issues: 1. Whether the lower appellate court erred in overlooking the Amin's report, a crucial piece of evidence, in its findings. 2. Whether the defendants' plea of joint ownership of the servient tenement barred their claim of easement rights.
Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court found that the lower appellate court did consider the Amin's report and did not overlook it in reaching its findings. 2. The court held that even if the owner of the dominant tenement claimed joint ownership of the servient tenement, they could not claim an easement right over the joint land. The other joint owner could resist such a claim, and the exercise of the right would be detrimental to their rights.
Final Decision: The appeal was dismissed, and leave to appeal was refused.
The trial court decreed the suit. On defendantsappeal, the lower appellate Court after considering the evidence on record allowed the defendantsappeal in part and held that the door complained of was proved to be old, but dismissed the appeal so far as the pamalawas concerned. It further held that the defendants had the right of way through the door complained of and modified the decree of the trial Court to that extent.
2. In this Second Appeal the respondents are unrepresented. Learned counsel for the appellants has urged before me two points. The first is that the lower appellate Court has not properly appreciated the Amins report relating to the door. That report was an important piece of evidence. According to the learned counsel, the finding of the lower appellate Court as vitiated inasmuch as an important piece of evidence has been overlooked.
Learned counsel has taken me through the relevant portions of the judgment, but I feel it is not-correct to say that the Amins report escaped the attention of the lower appellate Court. In fact, it had mentioned the Amins map in connection - with the parnalaand I do not feel justified in thinking that it did not take the entire evidence including, the Amins map into consideration in arriving at the finding that it gave.
3. The second point raised by the learned counsel is that defendants 1 to 6 raised the plea of joint ownership of the rastaland, and because of this plea it appears that in exercising the right of way, the defendants had exercised that right as owner of the rastaland.
Reliance has been placed on several cases including - "Narayan Balvant v Shanker Waman, 1938 Bom 215 (AIR V 25) (A), Raychand Vanmalidas v. Maneklal Mansukhbhai, 1946 Bom 266 (AIR V 33) (FB) (B) and Lalit Kishor v. Ram Prasad, 1943 All 362 (AIR V. 30) (C). The last case is a case in which the defendant had, in an earlier proceeding taken the, plea that the land had belonged to him and this Court took the view that the person claiming the right of easement could not do so in respect of the land which he claimed to be his own.
The idea is that as required by S. 15, Indian Easements Act, the right to enjoy the easement should have been exercised as an easementfor the period prescribed. If the servient tenement belonged to the person claiming the easement, it cannot be said that the rights have been exercised as an easement. The fact appears to be that the right is one to be exercised as owner. That was not a case where the servient tenement was claimed to belong jointly to the person claiming the easement and the, other person against whom it was claimed.
The case reported in 1938 Bom 215 (AIR V 25) (A), however, was one in which a right to light and air through windows in a joint wall was claimed. The learned Judges were of opinion that this was not possible. They relied upon an earlier decision of their Court reported in - Marghabai Vallavbhai v. Motibhai Mithabhai, 1932 Bom 513 (AIR V 19) (D). The plaintiff in that case was claiming a right to the free access of light and air for his house over a strangers property.
It was found that between the plaintiffshouse and the defendants tenement there intervened a strip of land over which light and air had indeed come to the plaintiffshouse and this strip was owned jointly by the parties. The learned Judges thought that it followed that the plaintiff enjoyed the light and air by virtue of his right in the intervening land as a joint owner and did not enjoy it as an easement since the essence of
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