1996 Supreme(All) 1455
HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
S.P. Srivastava, J.
Mohd. Siddiq – Appellants
Versus
IInd Addl. District Judge - Respondents
Writ Petition No. 4961 of 1983
Decided on : Dec 20, 1996
Z.Jilani, P.K.Khare
A notice of demand for arrears of rent is not invalid merely because it contains an inflated demand. The tenant is duty-bound to pay the rent due according to him, to the landlord or deposit the same in accordance with the provisions of the Act, otherwise he has to face the consequences.
Headnote:
PROVINCIAL SMALL CAUSE COURTS ACT, 1887 - SECTION 25 - U. P. URBAN BUILDING (REGULATION OF LETTING, RENT AND EVICTION) ACT, 1972 - SECTION 20(2)(A) - NOTICE OF DEMAND - VALIDITY - ERRONEOUS DEMAND FOR ARREARS OF RENT - EFFECT - TENANT'S LIABILITY TO PAY RENT - BURDEN OF PROOF.
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner, a tenant, challenged the validity of a combined notice of demand and termination of tenancy sent by the landlord, claiming that it contained an exaggerated demand for arrears of rent. The trial court and the revisional court upheld the validity of the notice and decreed the landlord's suit for ejectment.
Finding of the Court:
The court held that the notice of demand was valid even though it contained an inflated demand for arrears of rent. The court reasoned that the tenant was duty-bound to pay the rent due according to him, to the landlord or deposit the same in accordance with the provisions of the Act, otherwise he had to face the consequences.
Issues: 1. Whether a notice of demand for arrears of rent is invalid if it contains an inflated demand? 2. Whether the tenant is liable to pay rent even if the notice of demand contains an inflated demand? 3. Who bears the burden of proof in a suit for ejectment based on non-payment of rent?
Ratio Decidendi: 1. A notice of demand for arrears of rent is not invalid merely because it contains an inflated demand. The tenant is duty-bound to pay the rent due according to him, to the landlord or deposit the same in accordance with the provisions of the Act, otherwise he has to face the consequences. 2. The tenant is liable to pay rent even if the notice of demand contains an inflated demand. The onus of proof to show payment lies on the tenant and the mere oral testimony is not sufficient to discharge the same. 3. In a suit for ejectment based on non-payment of rent, the burden of proof lies on the tenant to show payment of rent as claimed.
Final Decision: The court dismissed the writ petition filed by the tenant, upholding the decree for ejectment passed by the trial court and affirmed by the revisional court.
S. P. Srivastava, J.
1. FEELING aggrieved by an order dismissing the revision of the petitioner-tenant filed by him under Section 25 of the Provincial Small Cause Courts Act, affirming the decree of the trial court for his ejectment from the premises in dispute and recovery of arrears of rent for damages for use and occupation, he has now approached this Court seeking redress praying for the quashing thereof.
2. I have heard Sri Z. Zilani, learned counsel for the petitioner and Sri P. N. Khare, learned counsel for the contesting respondents and have carefully perused the record.
The facts in brief shorn of details and necessary for the disposal of this case, lie in a narrow compass. The plaintiff respondents had filed a suit praying for a decree of ejectment of the defendant from the premises in dispute under his tenancy. It was alleged that the said premises had been let out on a rental of Rs. 15 per month which was lying In arrears since 4.11.1974. It was further claimed that in spite of notice dated 5.6.1980, the defendant had neither paid the arrears nor vacated the premises In dispute.
3. THE aforesaid suit was contested by the defendant petitioner on various grounds. In the written statement the rate of rent as claimed by the plaintiff was denied asserting that in fact the premises in dispute had been let out at a rental of Rs. 8.50 per month duly. In paragraph 13 of the written statement, however, the defendant admitted that rent from 1st April, 1978 to 31st July, 1981 had fallen due which was deposited on 24.7.81 In court as the plaintiff had refused to accept the money order sent to him tendering the aforesaid amount. It was also asserted that the amount deposited in court included the adjudgment of Rs. 60 which the defendant had paid towards taxes.
4. THE trial court on an appraisal of evidence on record, came to the conclusion that the rate of rent on which the premises In dispute had been let out was only Rs. 8.50 and not Rs. 15 as claimed by the plaintiff. It was further found that the defendant had not tendered or paid the rent for the period prior to 1.4.1978 and consequently, the rent which had remained in arrears on the date of the service of the notice contemplated under Section 20 (2) (a) of the U. P. Urban Building (Regulation of Letting, Rent and Eviction) Act, 1972 was for a period of more than four months and consequently defendant was a defaulter as contemplated under the aforesaid provision. THE combined notice of demand and termination of tenancy sent by the plaintiff which had been duly served on the defendant petitioner was held to be valid in law. THE findings of the trial court were affirmed by the revisional court.
The learned counsel for the defendant petitioner has strenuously contended that the combined notice sent by the plaintiff terminating the tenancy of the petitioner and raising demand for the payment of the arrears of rent was invalid and the suit based on such a notice was liable to be dismissed. What has been urged is that the notice in question contained a demand in regard to the payment of the arrears of rent at a higher rate then agreed upon. Since the rate of rent agreed upon was only Rs. 8.50 per month whereas the claim in regard to the arrears was made on the basis of the rate of rent being Rs. 15 per month, such a notice containing an exaggerated demand, according to the learned counsel for the defendant, has to be treated as a notice invalid in law and a suit filed on the basis of such a notice was liable to be dismissed.
5. THE learned counsel for the contesting respondent has, however, urged that a tenant in order to get relieved of the liability of ejectment has to ensure that the rent in respect of the accommodation let out to him is paid regularly and in any case, If it is In arrears, must be paid within the period prescribed on the receipt of the notice contemplated under Section 20 (2) (a) of the said Act which provides an opportunity to the tenant to get Over