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1970 Supreme(MP) 26

High Court Of Madhya Pradesh
Bishambhar Dayal, C. J. , P. K. Tare and A. P. Sen, JJ.
SANTOSHCHANDRA - Appellant
Versus
SMT.GYANSUNDARBAI - Respondents
First Appeal 149 Of 1967
Decided On : 02/25/1970

Advocates Appeared:
R.K.Pandey, Y.S.DHARMADHIKARI

Headnote:(1) Court fees Act, 1870 - S. 7 (iv) (c) & Sch. II, Art 17 - plaintiff bound to avoid an agreement or a decree - section 7 (iv) (c) applicable - plaintiff not a party to such agreement or a decree - Sch. II, Art 17 applicable - Specific Relief Act, 1877 - S. 42.

       Where it is necessary for a plaintiff to avoid an agreement or a decree or a liability imposed, it is necessary for him to avoid that and unless he seeks the relief of having that decree, agreement, document or liability set aside, he is not entitled to a declaration simpliciter. In such cases the question of Court-fees bas to be determined under section 7 (iv) (c) of the Act. But, however, where a plaintiff is not a party to such a decree, agreement, instrument or liability and he cannot be deemed to be a representative in interest of the person who is bound by that decree, agreement, instrument or liability, he can sue for a declaration simpliciter, provided he is also in possession of the property. The matter may be different if he is not in possession of the property. In that event, the proviso to section 42 of the Specific Relief Act might be a bar to the tenability of a suit framed for the relief of declaration simpliciter. But that would be a different aspect. All the same, if the plaintiff is not bound by that decree or agreement or liability and if he is not required to have it set aside, he can claim to pay Court-fees under any of the sub-clauses of Article 17, Schedule II of the Court-fees Act. 1967 JLJ 350 distinguished. 1964 JLJ 424, 1963 JLJ 674,32 MPLC 237 & 22 MPLC 511 relied on. [Para 14

       (2) Civil P. C. 1908 - O. 14 Rr. 1 & 2 - issues regarding untenability of suit, limitation and Court fee - decision should not be postponed till decision on merits of the case - such step is misconceived. [Para 6

TARE, J.

( 1 ) THIS case had been referred for opinion to this Full Bench on the assumption that there appears to be a conflict of views between the Special Bench case of baldeo Singh v. Gopal Singh, 1967 MPLJ 242 = (AIR 1967 Madh Pra 221) (SB) on the one hand and the other earlier Division Bench cases, namely, Dattaji parashramji Patil v. Mst. Bhagirathi, ILR (1939) Nag 373 = (AIR 1938 Nag 183), ratansingh v. Raghuraisingh, ILR (1945) Nag 975 = (AIR 1946 Nag 30), Dipchand balchand v. State of M. P. , 1957 MPLJ 46, Badrilal Bholaram v. State of M. P. 1963 mplj 717 = (AIR 1964 Madh Pra 9) and Komalata Dutta v. Ishwar Industries Ltd. , 1964 MPLJ 553 = (AIR 1966 Madh Pra 169 ). At the outset we may observe that there is no such conflict of views and the Special Bench case of 1967 MPLJ 242 = (AIR 1967 Madh Pra 221) (SB) (supra) is distinguishable on facts. However, we propose to answer the question of court-fees that arises for consideration in the present case.

( 2 ) THE Division Bench has not framed any question on which our opinion is sought. We would frame the question later. The necessary facts in order to appreciate the question are as follows: One Jethmal, who owned the suit property which was his exclusive and self-acquired property, died on 3-3-1947 leaving behind his widow -Mst. Jhannobai, who herself having been one of the defendants, died during the pendency of the suit. Jethmal had adopted Tekchand alias Chandmal as a son during his lifetime. In addition Jethmal left behind a daughter, by name, Smt. Gyansundarbai. Tekchand's wife, Mst. Tarabai, was also impleaded as a party. These three persons are defendant-respondents, Smt. Gyansundarbai having been impleaded in place of her mother, Mst. Jhannobai. During Jethmal's lifetime he had made a family arrangement whereby an amount of Rs. 12,000/- was paid to her and the rest of the property was given to Tekchand and the three sons of tekchand, who are defendant No. 2 and plaintiff-appellants.

( 3 ) THE further facts are that as there were disputes between the adopted son, tekchand and the adoptive mother, Mst. Jhannobai, she filed Civil Suit No. 34-A of 1959 for partition and separate possession of her share despite the fact that jethmal during his lifetime had made a family arrangement. A preliminary decree was passed in her favour on 27-3-1962 and subsequently it was made final on 1911-1962. It is not disputed that the said decree has been executed fully and Smt. Jhannobai and Tekchand have been placed in possession of their respective shares.

( 4 ) ON 14-3-1963 the present appellants, who all are sons of Tekchand, filed the present suit for a declaration and injunction contending that they are not bound by the decree for partition passed in Civil Suit No. 34-A of 1959. According to them, the family arrangement effected by Jethmal during his lifetime was a complete partition and they (plaintiffs) and their father, Tekchand had been allotted the property in lieu of their share in the joint family property which Jethmal had received in a partition between himself and his other brothers. For this reason it was contended that Tekchand could not have represented his minor sons in the partition suit and his sons got the property from their grandfather Jethmal in their own right. It was also contended that as a result of the partition between Jethmal and his brothers, he held the family property as his separate property and in addition he also held self-acquired property, which is the subject-matter of the suit. The title of the plaintiffs having accrued in pursuance of the family arrangement during the lifetime of Jethmal, the plaintiffs derived their title independently and in no sense could Tekchand represent the plaintiffs in the partition suit between himself and Mst. Jhannobai. On these allegations the plaintiffs sought the following reliefs:-

"the plaintiffs, therefore, pray that it be declared that the defendant No. 1 (Smt. Jhannobai now represented by Smt. Gyansundarbai




















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