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2008 Supreme(MP) 798

A. K. PATNAIK, C.J., A. M. SAPRE AND S. K. SETH, JJ.
Dilip Kaushal and Anr.
versus
State of M.P. and Ors.
W. P. No. 5807 of 2006
Decu\ided on : 31-7-2008.

Advocates appeared:
Vivek Dalai, for Petitioners; A. S. Kutumble, Addl. Advocate General (for Nos. 1 and 3), Anand Agrawal (for No. 2), A. K. Chitle, Sr. Adv., with Kochatta (for No. 4), for Respondents.

The main legal point established in the judgment is that the right to apply to the District Court for injunction for removal or alteration of any building under sub-section (5) of Section 307 of the Act of 1956 is not restricted to a person affected by the violation complained of but encompasses all persons resident within the area to which the Act applies.

Headnote:

Locus Standi - Building Control - Section 307 of the M. P. Municipal Corporation Act, 1956 - [Section 307] - The court interpreted sub-section (5) of Section 307 of the Act of 1956 and held that the right to apply to the District Court for injunction for removal or alteration of any building is not restricted to a person affected by the violation complained of but encompasses all persons resident within the area to which the Act applies.

Fact of the Case:

The petitioners filed a Public Interest Litigation questioning the layout sanctioned by the Indore Municipal Corporation for construction of a building. The respondent raised a preliminary objection regarding the availability of an alternative remedy under sub-section (5) of Section 307 of the M. P. Municipal Corporation Act, 1956.

Finding of the Court:

The court found that the right to apply to the District Court for injunction for removal or alteration of any building is not restricted to a person affected by the violation complained of but encompasses all persons resident within the area to which the Act applies.

Issues: The main issue was whether the locus standi under sub-section (5) of Section 307 of the Act is restricted to a person affected by the violation complained of or encompasses all persons resident within the area to which the Act applies.

Ratio Decidendi: The court interpreted the language of sub-section (5) of Section 307 of the Act of 1956 and held that the right to apply to the District Court for injunction for removal or alteration of any building is not restricted to a person affected by the violation complained of but encompasses all persons resident within the area to which the Act applies.

Final Decision: The court overruled the decision of the Division Bench in Radhakishan Sharma and held that the locus standi under sub-section (5) of Section 307 of the Act of 1956 encompasses all persons resident within the area to which the Act applies.

Judgement Key Points

Key Points from Judgment

  • Case Details: Full Bench decision by A.K. Patnaik, C.J., A.M. Sapre and S.K. Seth, JJ., in Writ Petition No. 5807 of 2006, decided on 31-7-2008. (!) (!)

  • Parties Involved: Petitioners (Dilip Kaushal and Anr.) challenged layout sanctioned by Indore Municipal Corporation for respondent No. 4's building via Public Interest Litigation under Article 226. [27000067750001]

  • Preliminary Objection: Respondent No. 4 objected that petitioners had alternative remedy under sub-section (5) of Section 307 of M.P. Municipal Corporation Act, 1956, to apply to District Court for injunction for removal or alteration of building. [27000067750001]

  • Referred Question: Whether locus standi under sub-section (5) of Section 307 is restricted to a person affected by the violation or encompasses all persons resident within the area to which the Act applies. [27000067750010][27000067750002]

  • Court's Interpretation of Sub-section (5): Clear language allows not only the Corporation but "any other person" to apply to District Court for injunction for removal or alteration of building contravening Act or bye-laws. (!) (!) [27000067750004][27000067750005]

  • Meaning of "Any": Word "any" is broad, indicating "all" or "every" depending on context; here, extends to all persons in context of building control under Chapter XXIV. (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!)

  • Purpose of Provision: Remedy provided for violations of Act or bye-laws relating to buildings within Municipal Corporation area; right conferred on Corporation and any other person to enforce compliance. [27000067750006] (!)

  • Distinction from Specific Relief Act: Sub-section (5) independent of Specific Relief Act remedies, which require personal interest; here, right arises from public duty to comply with building regulations. [27000067750007] (!) (!)

  • Independence from CPC Section 91: Remedy under sub-section (5) separate from public nuisance suits under CPC; not limited thereby, available to any person for building violations. [27000067750008]

  • Final Holding: Locus standi under sub-section (5) encompasses all persons resident within the area to which the Act applies, not just those directly affected. [27000067750009]

  • Outcome: Reference answered; matter remitted to Division Bench. (!) [27000067750003][27000067750009]


Judgement

A. K. PATNAIK, C. J. :- This is a reference made to this Full Bench by order dated 21-8-2007 passed by a Division Bench of this Court in W. P. No. 5807 of 2006.

2. The two petitioners, a Corporator of the Indore Municipal Corporation and a Mechanical Engineer, have filed this Public Interest Litigation under Art. 226 of the Constitution questioning the lay out sanctioned by the Indore Municipal Corporation for construction of a building of the respondent No. 4. On 21-3-2006, the Division Bench issued notices in the writ petition and directed that the interim prayer shall be considered after service of notices on the respondents. Thereafter, the respondent No. 4 appeared and raised a preliminary objection that an alternative remedy was available to the petitioner under sub-section (5) of Section 307 of the M. P. Municipal Corporation Act, 1956 (for short 'the Act of 1956') to apply to the District Court for an injunction for removal or alteration of the building. The counsel for the petitioners, on the other hand, brought to the notice of the Division Bench that in Radhakishan Sharma v. Pravin Kumar and two others, 1996 MPACJ 55. on a reference made by learned single Judge of this Court, a Division Bench has held that under sub-section (5) of Section 307 of the Act of 1956, the expression 'any other person' who has been conferred with the right to apply to the District Court for injunction for removal or alteration of any building will mean such person who might feel directly affected by the building in regard to his individual right to property and, therefore, the two petitioners in Writ Petition No. 5807 of 2006 may not have an alternative statutory remedy under sub-section (5) of Section 30 of the Act of 1956.

3. The Division Bench hearing W. P. No. 5807 of 2006, however, found that in the earlier case of Radhakishan Sharma (supra), the Division Bench had taken the aid of the provisions of the Specific Relief Act. 1963 and the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 to construe sub-section (5) of Section 307 of the Act of 1956 and had held that the expression 'any other person' in sub-section (5) of Section 307 of the Act of 1956, who has been conferred with the right to apply to the District Court for an injunction for the removal or alteration of any building, would mean only such person who might feel directly affected by the building in regard to his individual right to property. The Division Bench hearing W. P. No. 5807 of 2006 was, however, of the opinion that sub-section (5) of Section 307 of the Act of 1956 did not suffer from any ambiguity either in language or in meaning and provides for remedy to 'any other person' in addition to the Corporation to apply to the District Court for an injunction for the removal or alteration of any building and the decision of the Division Bench in Radhakishan Sharma (supra) requires reconsideration and accordingly has referred the following question of law for our opinion :

"Whether the locus-standi under sub-section (5) of Section 307 of the Act is restricted to a person affected by the violation complained of or encompasses all persons resident within the area to which the Act applies?

4. We have heard Mr. Vivek Dalai, learned counsel for the petitioners, Mr. Ashok Kutumble, learned Additional Advocate General for the State, Mr. Anand Agrawal, learned counsel for the Indore Municipal Corporation and Mr. A. K. Chitle, learned senior counsel for the respondent No. 4 and in our considered opinion, the view taken by the earlier Division Bench in Radhakishan Sharma (supra) that under sub-section (5) of Section 307 of the Act of 1956 besides the Corporation, only such person who may feel directly affected by the build ing in regard to his individual right to property can only file application before the District Court for injunction for removal or alteration of the building, is not correct for the reasons which will now follow.

5. Sub-section (5) of Section 307 of the Act of 1956, which we a























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