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1996 Supreme(MP) 247

1996 JLJ 546
S.S. Jha, J.
National Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Lachhi Bai and others.
C.R. 2011 of 1995; against the order passed by 2nd Additional Motor
Accidents Claims Tribunal Mudwara Katni, Distt. Jabalpur in Claim Case
No. 111 of 1995; Decided on 27.2.1996.

Advocates:
R.P. Agarwal for applicant; Ashok Lalwani for non-applicant No. 1.

Headnote:(1) Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 -- Ss. 169 and 140 -- order of interim award -- can be reviewed by Claims Tribunal.

       (2) Civil P.C., 1908 -- O.47 R.1-- order of interim award -- can be reviewed by Claims Tribunal.

       The applicant filed an application for review of the order passing interim award. This application for review under Order 47 Rule 1 CPC has been rejected by the Additional Motor Accident Claims Tribunal holding that provisions of Order 47 Rule 1 CPC are not applicable to the claim petition. [Para 3

       A review application is maintainable when it is sought due to a procedural defect, or inadvertent error committed by the Tribunal, to prevent abuse of its process. Such power inheres in the Tribunal. The contention of the learned counsel for the non-applicant cannot be accepted that power of review is not provided by the statute, therefore, it cannot review it own order. As considered by me earlier, wide powers are vested with the Tribunal under section 169 of the Motor Vehicles Act. Therefore, review on limited grounds as mentioned above is permissible.

       In the result, the order of the Claims Tribunal holding that it has no power to review the award is therefore set aside and the case is remanded to it for deciding the application for review on merits in accordance with law. AIR 1970 SC 1273, AIR 1981 SC 606, AIR 1985 SC 294 and AIR 1982 P & H 407 discussed and relied on. [Para 12 & 13

       (3) Legal Maxims -- ‘ex debito justiciae‘ -- from what is due of justice -inadvertent error committed by Courts or Tribunal -- must be corrected to prevent abuse of the process of the Court. AIR 1970 SC 1273 followed. [Para 8

       ¼1½ eksVj ;ku vf/kfu;e] 1988 & /kkjk 169 rFkk 140 & varfje vf/kfu.kZ; dk vkns‘k & nkok vf/kdj.k }kjk iqufoZyksfdr fd;k tk ldrk gSA

       ¼2½ flfoy çfØ;k lafgrk] 1908 & vk-47 fu-1 & vafre vf/kfu.kZ; dk vkns‘k & nkok vf/kdj.k }kjk iqufoZyksfdr fd;k tk ldrk gSA

       vkosnd }kjk varfje vf/kfu.kZ; ikfjr djus okys vkns‘k ds iqufoZyksdu ds fy, vkosnu Qkby fd;k x;kA vkns‘k 47 fu;e 1] flfoy çfØ;k lafgrk ds v/khu iqufoZyksdu dk ;g vkosnu vij eksVj nq?kZVuk nkok vf/kdj.k }kjk ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr djrs ukeatwj fd;k x;k gS fd vkns‘k 47 fu- 1] flfoy çfØ;k lafgrk ds mica/k nkok vthZ ij ykxw ugha gksrsA ¿iSjk 3

       iqufoZyksdu dk vkosnu rc xzká gksrk gS] tc mldh bZIlk] çfØ;k ds nq#i;ksx ds fuokj.k ds fy,] çfØ;k laca/kh =qfV ds dkj.k] vFkok vf/kdj.k }kjk vuo/kkurk ls dh xbZ =qfV ds dkj.k] dh xbZ gksA ,slh ‘kfDr vf/kdj.k esa varfuZfgr gSA vukosnd ds fo}ku dkmUlsy dk ;g rdZ Lohdkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk fd dkuwu }kjk iqufoZyksdu dh ‘kfDr micaf/kr ugha gSa] vr%] og ¼vf/kdj.k½ Lo;a ds vkns‘k dk iqufoZyksdu ugha dj ldrkA tSlkfd esjs }kjk iwoZ esa fopkj fd;k tk pqdk gS] eksVj ;ku vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 169 ds v/khu vf/kdj.k dks O;kid ‘kfDr;k¡ nh xbZ gSaA vr% tSlkfd Åij mYys[k fd;k x;k gS lhfer vk/kkjksa ij iqufoZyksdu vuqKs; gSA

        ifj.kkeLo:i nkok vf/kdj.k dk ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr djrs gq, vkns‘k fd mls vf/kfu.kZ; dk iqufoZyksdu djus dh ‘kfDr ugha gSa] vikLr fd;k tkrk gS rFkk fof/k ds vuqlkj iqufoZyksdu dk vkosnu xq.kkxq.k dj fofuf‘pr djus ds fy, mls çfrçsf"kr fd;k tkrk gSA , vkb vkj 1970 ,l lh 1273] , vkb vkj 1981 ,l lh 606] , vkb vkj 1985 ,l lh 294 rFkk , vkb vkj 1982 iatkc ,oa gfj;k.kk 407 foosfpr rFkk voyafcrA ¿iSjk 12 rFkk 13

        ¼3½ fof/kd lw= & ^vf/kdkjr%* & U;k; ls tks çkI; gS & U;k;ky; vFkok vf/kdj.k }kjk vuo/kkurk ls dh xbZ =qfV & U;k;ky; dh çfØ;k ds nq#i;ksx ds fuokj.k ds fy, lgh dh gh tkuk pkfg,A , vkb vkj 1970 ,l lh 1273 vuqlfjrA ¿iSjk 8

ORDER

1. This order shall govern the disposal of Civil Revision Nos. 1978,2009, 2010 and 2063 of 1995 also.

2. In all these revisions, common question of law is involved whether the Claims Tribunal constituted under the Motor Vehicles Act has power to review its award under Order 47 Rule 1 C.P.C. in exercise of inherent powers.

3. The applicant filed an application for review of the order passing interim award. This application for review under Order 47 Rule 1 C.P.C. has been rejected by the Additional Motor Accident Claims Tribunal holding that provisions of Order 47 Rule 1 C.P.C. are not applicable to the claim petition.

4. Section 169 of the Motor Vehicles Act provides for the powers of the Claims Tribunal and procedure to be followed by it. Section 169 of the Act is reproduced below:

"169. Procedure and powers of Claims Tribunals-

(1) In holding any inquiry under sectiQn168, the Claims Tribunal may, subject to any rules that may be made in this behalf, follow such summary procedure as it thinks fit.

(2) The Claims Tribunal shall have all the powers of the a Civil Court for the purpose of taking evidence on oath and of enforcing the attendance of witnesses and of compelling the discovery and production of documents and material objects and for such other purposes as may be prescribed; and the Claims Tribunal shall be deemed to be a Civil Court for all the purposes of section 195 and deemed to be a Civil Court for all the purposes of section 195 and Chapter XXVI of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974).

(3) Subject to any rules that may be made in this behalf, the Claims Tribunal may, for the purpose of adjudicating upon any claim for compensation, choose one or more persons possessing special knowledge of any matter relevant to the inquiry to assist it in holding the inquiry."

5. Shri R.P. Agrawal, learned counsel for the applicant has drawn my attention to the provisions of section 11 of the Industrial Disputes Act which relate to analogous provision pertaining to procedure to be followed by the arbitrator to decide the dispute under the Industrial Disputes Act. Section 11 of the Industrial Disputes Act reads thus:

"11. Procedure and powers of conciliation officers, Boards, Courts and Tribunals:-

(1) Subject to any rules that may be made in this behalf, an arbitrator, a Board, Court Labour Court, Tribunal or National Tribunal shall follow such procedure as the arbitrator or other authority concerned may think fit.

(2) A conciliation officer or a member of a Board or Court or the Presiding Officer of a Labour Court, Tribunal or National Tribunal may for the purpose of inquiry into any existing or apprehended industrial dispute, after giving reasonable notice, enter the premises occupied by any establishment to which the dispute relates.

(3) Every Board, Court, Labour Court, Tribunal and National Tribunal shall have the same powers as are vested in a Civil Court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908). When trying a suit, in respect of the following matters, namely

(a) enforcing the attendance of any person and examining him on oath;

(b) compelling the production of documents and material objects;

(c) issuing commissions for the examination of witnesses;

(d) in respect of such other matters as may be prescribed;

and every inquiry or investigation by a Board, Court, Labour Court, Tribunal or National Tribunal, shall be deemed to be a judicial proceeding within the meaning of sections 193 and 228 of the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860).;

(4) A conciliation officer may enforce the attendance of any person for the purpose of examination of such person or call for and and inspect any document which he has ground for considering to be relevant to the industrial dispute or to be necessary for the purpose of verifying the implementation of any award or carrying out any other duty imposed on him under this Act, and for the aforesaid purposes, the conciliation officer shall have the same powers as are vested in a civil Court u























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