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2022 Supreme(MP) 382

IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH
Dwarka Dhish Bansal, J.
Brahspati Kumar & others v. Sarju Prasad and others
Second Appeal No. 146 of 1995 (Jabalpur); Against the Judgment and decree dated 24.11.1994 passed by Second Additional District Judge, Sidhi in Civil Appeal No. 136A/1992; Decided on 9.11.2022

Advocates:
Revish Agrawal with Ms. Sanjana Sahni for Appellants.

Headnote:

¼1½ laifRr varj.k vf/kfu;e] 1882 & /kkjk 59 & #i;s 100@& ls vfèkd dk ca/kd foys[k & vfuok;Z :i ls jftLVhÑr gksuk visf{kr & #i;s 150@& dk vfjftLVahÑr ca/kd foys[k & iw.kZ ,oa ÁorZuh; ugha dgk tk ldrk & fof/k ds v/khu vuq/;kr fd, x, vuqlkj jftLVhÑr ugha gks rks lk{; esa xzkg~; ughaA ¼iSjk 13½
¼2½ foy & lk{; esa xzkg~rk & ca/kd ekspu rFkk dCtk okilh ds fy, okn & foy ij vk/kkfjr & ewy foy ÁLrqr ugha & Áekf.kr Áfrfyfi ÁLrqr & Hkkjrh; mÙkjkf/kdkj vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 63 rFkk lk{; vfu;e dh /kkjk 68 ds vuqlkj lkfcr ugha dh & ÁFke vihy U;k;ky; us Bhd gh vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k fd Áekf.kr Áfrfyfi lk{; esa xzkg~; ughaA ¼iSjk 12½
¼3½ lk{; vf/kfu;e] 1872 & /kkjk 62 rFkk 63 & f}rh;d lk{; & xzkg~rk & ÁkFkfed lk{; dh ekStwnxh esa f}rh;d lk{; xzkg~; ughaA ¼iSjk 13½
¼4½ laifÙk varj.k vf/kfu;e] 1872 & /kkjk 60 & ca/kd ekspu ds fy, okn & ca/kddrkZ ;k mldh iRuh us vius thoudky esa ca/kd ekspu ds fy, dksbZ dkjZokbZ ugha dh & bl Ádkj] ca/kd ekspu dk dksbZ Á'u gh ugha Fkk & oknh us gd ?kks"k.kk ds fy, okn ÁLrqr ugha fd;k & mls vius ekeys ds cy ij lQy ;k vlQy g¨uk g¨rk gS & mls çfroknh d¢ ekeys dh fdlh nqcZyrk dk Qk;nk ugha fn;k tk ldrkA ¼2008½ 4 ,l lh lh 594 rFkk ¼2016½ 2 ,l lh lh 200 fufnZ"VA ¼iSjk 15 ls 18½
¼5½ lk{; vf/kfu;e] 1872 & /kkjk 101 & lcwr dk Hkkj & oknh ij gS & oknh dks çfroknh d¢ ekeys dh fdlh nqcZyrk dk Qk;nk ugha fn;k tk ldrkA ¼2016½ 2 ,l lh lh 200 fufnZ"VA ¼iSjk 17½

(1) Transfer of Property Act, 1882 -- S. 59 -- mortgage deed of more than Rs. 100/- -- required to be registered compulsorily -- unregistered mortgage deed of Rs. 150/- -- cannot to be said to be complete and enforceable -- not admissible in evidence, until it is registered as contemplated under law. [Para 13]

(2) Will -- admissibility in evidence -- suit for redemption of mortgage and recovery of possession -- based on Will -- original Will not produced -- certified copy produced -- not proved according to section 63 of Indian Succession Act and section 68 of Evidence Act -- first appellate Court rightly held that certified copy is not admissible in evidence. [Para 12]

(3) Evidence Act, 1872 -- Ss. 62 and 63 -- secondary evidence -- admissibility -- in presence of primary evidence, secondary evidence not admissible. [Para 13]

(4) Transfer of Property Act, 1882 -- S. 60 -- suit for redemption of mortgage -- no action taken by mortgager or his wife in his/her lifetime for redemption of mortgage -- as such, there was no question of redemption of mortgage -- plaintiff has not filed suit for declaration of title -- he has to succeed or fail on strength of his case -- benefit of any weakness of defendant’s case cannot be given to plaintiff. (2008) 4 SCC 594 and (2016) 2 SCC 200 referred to. [Para 15 to 18]

(5) Evidence Act, 1872 -- S. 101 -- burden of proof -- is upon plaintiff -- benefit of any weakness of defendant’s case cannot be given to plaintiff. (2016) 2 SCC 200 referred to. [Para 17]

JUDGMENT

1. This second appeal has been preferred by the plaintiffs challenging the judgment and decree dated 24.11.1994 passed by 2nd Additional Judge to the Court of District Judge, Sidhi in Civil Appeal No.136-A/1992 reversing the judgment and decree dated 6.7.1982 passed by Civil Judge Class II, Sidhi in Civil Suit No.26-A/1978, whereby learned trial Court decreed the suit, which in appeal filed by legal heirs of original defendant Shalikram, has been dismissed.

2. In short the facts are that the plaintiffs/appellants instituted a suit for redemption of mortgage and in alternative for recovery of possession on the basis of title as well as for mesne profits. It is alleged that the land khasra No.213 area 7.83 acre situtated in Village Satohari, Tahsil Gopadbanas, was owned and possessed by Ganeshram, who died in the year, 1960 leaving behind him, his son Chandramani Prasad, who being in need of money mortagaged the land for consideration of Rs.150/- in the year, 1952 by executing unregistered mortgage deed with the assurance that upon refund of Rs.150/-, defendant's father Mahaveer Ram shall hand over possession to Chandramani Prasad, who died issueless in the year, 1969 leaving behind him only successor, his wife Mst. Mundi. It is alleged that Chandramani Prasad was uncle of plaintiffs and after death of Chandramani Prasad in the year 1969, his wife Mst. Mundi started residing with the plaintiffs, who were taking care of Mst. Mundi. Due to this reason, Mst. Mundi executed a registered Will in favour of plaintiffs on 13.2.1975, on the basis of which name of plaintiffs was mutuated over the land in question vide order dated 20.9.1977. It is also alleged that due to poverty, Chandramani Prasad could not repay the amount of Rs.150/- and thereafter, Mst. Mundi also could not pay the amount of mortgage and she died on 2.12.1975 after executing registered Will, therefore, plaintiffs are entitled for redemption of mortgage and for restoration of possession on the basis of title. It is alleged that when in the Month of June, 1977 plaintiffs demanded possession from the defendant after making payment of Rs.150/-, then defendant contended that the land was sold to his father by Chandramani Prasad and refused to handover possession, whereas the land was never sold to defendant's father. It is alleged that on the basis of unregistered mortgage deed, defendant's father or defendant does not get any right and he had also got mutuated his name on the basis of alleged sale of land, which is illegal and ineffective. It is alleged that the defendant does not get any right on the basis of unregistered sale deed and the plaintiffs are entitled for possession on the basis of title also. On inter alia allegations the suit was filed.

3. Defendant appeared and filed written statement denying the plaint allegations, although admitted execution of mortgage deed in Samvat 2009 for consideration of Rs.150/-. It is contended that Chandramani Prasad died 7 years ago but his wife did not reside with the plaintiffs and no document was executed by her in favour of the plaintiffs, who got mutuated their name wrongly and upon getting knowledge, he preferred an appeal before the S.D.O. Chandramani Prasad has also executed unregistered sale deed on 8.3.1957 in favour of father of defandant and after execution of sale deed, there is no question of redemption of mortgage. Denying title of the plaintiffs, it is contended that they have no right to file the suit either for redemption of mortgage or for restoration of possession, because on the basis of sale deed, name of defendant is already there in the revenue record. It is contended that no cause of action has arisen to the plaintiffs. On inter alia contentions, the suit was prayed to be dismissed.

4. On the basis of pleadings, learned trial Court framed as many as 12 issues and recorded evidence of the parties. Vide judgment and decree dated 6.7.1982, learned trial Court held that the land was mortgaged with po

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