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2025 Supreme(HK)(HKCA) 31

CACC 177/2021

[2025] HKCA 719

IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE

HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

COURT OF APPEAL

CRIMINAL APPEAL NO 177 OF 2021

(ON APPEAL FROM HCCC NO 52 OF 2020)

_______________

BETWEEN
HKSAR Respondent

and

Lai Kan-yau (黎謹友) Appellant

_______________

Before: Hon Macrae Acting CJHC, Zervos and M Poon JJA in Court
Dates of Hearing: 13 and 14 January 2025
Date of Judgment: 31 July 2025

________________

J U D G M E N T

________________

Content Paragraph
Introduction 1 - 6
The prosecution case 7 - 24
The defence case 25 - 39
The grounds of appeal 40
Ground 1: the post-offence conduct 41
The Judge’s directions 42 - 44
The submissions on post-offence conduct 45 - 53
Discussion on post-offence conduct 54 - 62
Ground 2: the missing call 63 - 64
Ground 3: flagrant incompetence of legal representatives 65
The issue of the missing call 66 - 67
The evidence of the missing call 68 - 82
The fresh evidence 83 - 94
The legal principles of flagrant incompetence 95 - 107
The allegations of flagrant incompetence 108 - 126
The submissions on flagrant incompetence 125 - 126
Discussion on flagrant incompetence 127 - 131
The findings regarding the missing call 132
The effect of the missing call 133 - 155
Whether a material irregularity 156 - 160
161 - 167
Conclusion 168

Hon Zervos JA (giving the Judgment of the Court):

Introduction

1. The appellant was indicted for the murder of his father and the theft of $203,000 from his father’s bank account. He pleaded guilty to theft and not guilty to murder. On 29 July 2021, following a trial before Joseph Yau J (the Judge) and a jury he was convicted of murder. He was sentenced to life imprisonment for murder and 2 years and 3 months’ imprisonment for theft to run concurrently with the sentence for the murder.

2. In pleading guilty to the theft count, the appellant agreed to the Summary of Facts in which he admitted that after killing his father, he took his father’s ATM card from his wallet. He knew that his father had written down the ATM card’s PIN on a small piece of paper, which his father kept inside his wallet. He found the piece of paper and used the ATM card and the password to transfer and withdraw funds out of his father’s account to pay a loanshark. [1]

3. On 8 December 2022, a Single Judge granted




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