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2024 Supreme(Online)(ALL) 3487

HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD (LUCKNOW BENCH)
Mohd. Faiz Alam Khan, J
Pasru @ Ismail – Appellant
Versus
The State – Respondent
CRIMINAL APPEAL No. - 158 of 1986 | Sessions Trial No.240 of 1984



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: P.S. Mehra, Satish Chandra Sitapuri
For the Respondents: G.A.

A conviction for rape requires the victim's testimony to be unimpeachable and entirely reliable; otherwise, reasonable doubt necessitates acquittal.

Headnote:(A) Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Section 374 - Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Section 376 - Appeal against conviction for rape - Conviction based solely on testimony of victim, whose statements were found inconsistent and unreliable - Prosecution failed to prove the case beyond reasonable doubt, leading to acquittal. (Paras 31, 32, 33)

(B) Evidence - Appreciation of evidence - The testimony of a sole eyewitness must be both reliable and unimpeachable; otherwise, it cannot support a conviction. (Paras 16, 17, 26)

(C) Legal Standards - Conviction can rest on single witness if that witness's testimony meets the quality test; corroboration may be necessary when reliability is in doubt. (Paras 21, 25)

Table of Content
1. criminal appeal and conviction details. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. details of medical examination and evidence collection. (Para 4 , 5 , 6)
3. accused denied allegations; defense witnesses presented. (Para 8 , 10)
4. arguments regarding trial court's handling of evidence. (Para 12 , 13)
5. prosecution's claims versus defense arguments. (Para 14 , 15)
6. appreciation of witness testimonies. (Para 16)
7. principles regarding sole witness testimony. (Para 22 , 23 , 24 , 25)
8. assessment of victim's credibility. (Para 31 , 32)
9. final ruling on the appeal outcome. (Para 33 , 34)

1. The instant criminal appeal, under section 374 CrPC, has been moved by sole appellant- Pasru @ Ismail against the judgment and order of date 3rd March, 1986 passed by the IInd Additional Sessions Judge, Lucknow in Sessions Trial No.240 of 1984 whereby the appellant and co-convict- Prakash Jamadar have been convicted for committing offence under section 376 IPC and sentenced to undergo 10 years rigorous imprisonment.

2. The prosecution story, as is reflected from the record available before this court, is to the tune that an FIR was lodged by the victim/prosecutrix herself on 22.01.1984 at about 11 p.m. at police station Hazratganj, Lucknow, alleging that she resides in servant quarters of bungalow of one Shri Lobo, Manager of Capital Cinema along with her husband- Munnalal, who was a rickshaw-puller. It is further alleged that on 22.01.1984 at about 7 p.m. she had gone towards Hazratganj crossing to say goodbye to bhabhi of one Rammu Shukla. When she (bhabhi of Rammu Shukla) had departed, at that point of time, appellant- Pasru @ Ismail and co-accused-Prakash Jamadar arrived at rickshaw of one Bhallar and forcibly abducted and taken her to Banarsibagh where one of their associate also joined them and all the four persons committed rape with her against her wish till 10. p.m. They also threatened to kill her and closed her mouth by tying cloth on her mouth. It is also alleged that she knew accused Pasru and Prakash by their names and remaining two accused persons were not known to her. On her making hue & cry, she was allowed to go out of Banarsibagh and thereafter she went to police station Kotwali Hazratganj with her husband and lodged the FIR.

3. On the basis of aforesaid information, an FIR at Case Crime no.085 of 1984 under section 376 IPC was lodged and the investigation was entrusted to sub-inspector of police- Shri Akhlaq Ahmad Siddiqui, who got the medication examination of the victim/prosecutrix done and, also recorded statement of Rammu Shukla, husband of the victim/prosecutrix, namely, Munnalal as well as rickshaw puller- Bhallar and also inspected the scene of the crime on identification of the victim/prosecutrix and prepared site-map and site-plan of zoo (Banarsibagh) where the offence of rape is alleged to have been committed. He also arrested the appellant and other accused persons, collected inner garments of the victim, which were sent Agra for chemical examination.

The investigating officer, after finding sufficient evidence/material, submitted charge-sheet against appellant- Pasru @ Ismail, Prakash Jamadar, Hansram and Kishori under section 376 IPC. It is worthwhile to mention here that the undergarments of the appellant- Pasru @ Ismail, which were sent for forensic/chemical examination, were found stained with semen.

4. The victim/prosecutrix was medically examined by Dr. P. K. Mishra, Medical Officer, Civil Hospital, Lucknow on 23.01.1984 at about 12.45 a.m., however, no injury etc has been found on her person. She was referred to Dufferin Hospital for further opinion pertaining to sexual intercourse. On 23.01.1984, at about 2. p.m., the victim/prosecutrix was medically examined at Mahila Hospital, Lucknow by a lady doctor- Rekha Gaur, who also did not find any mark of external injury on any part of her body and, on her internal examination, she also opined that no opinion could be given pertaining to sexual assault allegedly commi

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