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2024 Supreme(Online)(Bom) 6665

HIGH COURT OF BOMBAY
HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE B.P. COLABAWALLAHON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE SOMASEKHAR SUNDARESAN
Siti Networks Ltd – Appellant
Versus
Rajiv Suri – Respondent
IAL/31055/2024



Judgement Key Points

Key Points: - The High Court held that monies deposited by a corporate debtor in court as security prior to CIRP do not cease to be the asset of the corporate debtor, even though they are in the possession of the court (!) (!) . - The court clarified that ownership and possession are distinct interests, and the deposit serves as security for a potential dismissal of the appeal, not a transfer of title to the judgment creditor (!) (!) . - The moratorium under Section 14 of the IBC prohibits enforcement actions against the corporate debtor, meaning the judgment creditor's rights are subject to the CIRP resolution plan or liquidation waterfall (!) (!) . - The Supreme Court's order allowing the revocation of the ICICI Bank guarantee in the same case serves as a binding precedent for the High Court to release the cash deposit as well (!) (!) . - The court rejected the argument based on Chowthmull and Rajendra Bansal, noting that the IBC's comprehensive framework overrides older insolvency principles regarding deposited funds (!) (!) . - The decision aligns with the principle that the IBC is a beneficial legislation aimed at reviving the corporate debtor rather than acting as a mere recovery mechanism for individual creditors (!) (!) . - The judgment permits the withdrawal of the appeal and the release of the deposited amount along with accrued earnings within two weeks (!) (!) . - The judgment affirms that a decree-holder is considered a "creditor" under the IBC, and their claims are subject to the collective distribution principles of the code (!) (!) . - The court distinguished the instant case from Axis Bank vs. SBS Organics, noting that while pre-deposits in SARFAESI appeals are not security interests, deposits made to secure execution of decrees during CIRP are assets of the debtor (!) (!) . - The release of funds is subject to the procedural rules of the court registry and does not prejudice the substantive rights of the judgment creditor under the IBC (!) .

What is the legal status of monies deposited by a corporate debtor in court as security prior to the commencement of a Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP) under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016?

What are the rights of a judgment creditor regarding assets deposited by a corporate debtor under the moratorium provisions of Section 14 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016?

How does the Supreme Court's decision regarding the revocation of a bank guarantee in the same matter influence the High Court's decision on the withdrawal of cash deposited by the corporate debtor?


2024:BHC-OS:18434 IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY ORDINARY ORIGINAL CIVIL JURISDICTION INTERIM APPLICATION (LODG.) NO. 31055 OF 2024 IN APPEAL NO. 597 OF 2016 IN SUIT NO. 2295 OF 2002 Digitally signed by SHRADDHA SHRADDHA KAMLESH Siti Networks Ltd. ]

KAMLESH TALEKAR TALEKAR Date: (formerly known as Siticable Network Ltd.) ]

2024.11.13

18:27:59 +0530 through Resolution Professional Rohit ]

Ramesh Mehra ]… Applicant In the matter between :

Siti Networks Ltd. ]

(formerly known as Siticable Network Ltd.) ]...Appellant through Resolution Professional Rohit ] (Orig.

Ramesh Mehra Defendant)

Versus Rajiv Suri, Adult, Indian Inhabitant ] carrying on his business in the name ]

and style of M/s. Ambika Chitra as a ]…Respondent Proprietor thereof having his office at 15, ](Orig. Plaintiff )

Golf Links, Khar, Mumbai – 400 052.

Mr. Saurabh Bachhawat a/w. Mitesh Shah, Nishant Sogani, Rohan Gajaria, Ishaan Wakhloo, for Applicant.

Mr. Ajit Anekar a/w. Mr. Siddhant Sawhrey i/b Auris Legal, for Respondent.

CORAM : B.P. COLABAWALLA & SOMASEKHAR SUNDARESAN, JJ.

Reserved on : October 18, 2024 Judgement : ( P er, Somasekhar Sundaresan J. )

1. This is an Application filed by the Appellant not only seeking to withdraw Appeal No. 597 of 2016 but also seeking permission to withdraw the amount of Rs. 20,00,000/- that had been deposited in this Court pursuant to an interim order, along with accrued earnings thereon. For the reasons set out in this judgement, we have allowed such withdrawal of the Appeal, and of the deposited amounts along with earnings.

Factual Matrix:

2. The Applicant-Appellant is a “corporate debtor”1 undergoing a Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (“CIRP”) under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (“IBC”) since February 22, 2023. This Application has been filed at the behest of the Resolution Professional who is now in charge of running the affairs of the Applicant-Appellant under the oversight of the Committee of Creditors appointed under the IBC.

3. A quick overview of the following facts underlying the Appeal would be in order:-

1 Defined in Section 3(8) of the IBC as a corporate person who owes a debt to any person

a) Suit No. 2295 of 2002 was disposed of by a learned Single Judge of this Court by a judgment dated June 13, 2016 (“Impugned Judgment”), with a direction to the Appellant to pay to the Respondent, a sum of Rs. 15,00,000/- by way of damages along with interest at the rate of 24% per annum, from the date of institution of the suit until the date of realization;

b) In Appeal No. 597 of 2016, challenging the Impugned Judgement, an interim order dated February 15, 2016 came to be passed, the operative part of which reads as follows :

2. Appellants shall deposit Rs. 20 lakhs in this Court and the balance amount shall be secured by giving security to the satisfaction of the Prothonotary & Senior Master.

[Emphasis Supplied]

c) To cut a long story short, the amount of Rs. 20,00,000/- was deposited in cash with this Court on April 2, 2016. For the balance amount, bank guarantee was issued by IDBI Bank on April 6, 2016. The bank guarantee was extended from time to time. Owing to disputes between the Appellant and a consortium of nationalised banks, the Appellant sought leave of this Court to replace the bank guarantee with a guarantee issued by either ICICI Bank or HDFC Bank. A Division Bench of this Court on January 3, 2020, refused to permit the bank guarantee to be substituted by either of the aforesaid banks, and insisted that the bank guarantee should only be from a nationalised bank, failing which the decretal amount along with interest should be deposited with the Registry on or before January 18, 2020. This refusal to permit substitution of a bank guarantee from a non-nationalised bank, led to Special Leave Petition No. 807 of 2020 being filed in the Supreme Court;

d) By an order dated January 17, 2020, the Supreme Court permitted the furnishing of a bank guarantee by either ICICI Bank or HDFC Bank within a period of two weeks

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