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2024 Supreme(Online)(CAT) 7283

CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL
K. Haripal, Judicial Member, K. V. Eapen, Administrative Member
N. Surendra – Appellant
Versus
Union of India – Respondent
Original Application No.0170/179/2021



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Mr. Kamalesan P.
For the Respondents: Mr. S. Sugumaran, SPC for R-1 to R-5, Mr. M. Venkanna, Mr. Pavan Kumar A.B.L.N. for R-6 to R-9

Adhoc temporary promotions explicitly denying seniority benefits do not confer retrospective seniority upon regularisation through competitive exam; seniority reckoned from regular appointment date only.

Headnote:(A) Service Law - Promotion and Seniority - Adhoc promotion to Assistant Engineer post on temporary basis for 11 months or till regular appointment, with rider that it will not confer claim for regularisation or seniority - Continued on adhoc basis through successive orders explicitly denying seniority benefits - Regular promotion effected through Limited Departmental Competitive Examination (LDCE) quota only from date of qualification declaration - Adhoc service cannot be counted for reckoning seniority from initial temporary appointment date. (Paras 16, 17, 20, 23, 25)

(B) Recruitment Rules - 50% posts by promotion on seniority cum fitness (8 years service), 50% by LDCE (4 years service) - Participation in LDCE by adhoc promotees implies acceptance of temporary status - Seniority in LDCE stream reckoned from result publication date, not adhoc promotion date. (Paras 10, 20, 21)

(C) Estoppel and Acquiescence - Promotees who accepted adhoc orders denying seniority claims over 10 years cannot later claim retrospective seniority upon regularisation - Reliance on prior judicial decisions inapplicable if facts differ, e.g., no undue delay or malice attributable to department. (Paras 17, 22, 23)

Facts of the case:
Applicants started as Junior Engineers, promoted adhoc as Assistant Engineers from 08.07.2009 for 11 months or till regular appointment, continued adhoc without break till regularised on 02.06.2020 via LDCE-2010 results after litigation. Sought seniority from 08.07.2009 and inclusion in draft seniority list of seniority-cum-fitness stream promotees regularised from 26.06.2009. Respondents opposed, stating adhoc service not countable, LDCE seniority from regular date.

Findings of Court:
Adhoc promotions explicitly barred seniority claims; applicants participated in LDCE despite adhoc service, qualifying only in 2020; cannot ante-date regular promotion to 2009; not entitled to inclusion in prior draft seniority list.

Issues: Whether uninterrupted adhoc service over 10 years entitles reckoning of seniority from initial temporary promotion date upon LDCE regularisation; applicability of prior court decisions to grant retrospective seniority.

Ratio Decidendi: Initial adhoc appointment as stop-gap, not according to rules, cannot count for seniority even if followed by regularisation; LDCE promotion effective from result date; promotees estopped by accepting adhoc terms denying seniority.

Result: Original Application dismissed. No costs. (Para 26)

Table of Content
1. applicants claim seniority from ad hoc promotion date. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. ldce quota promotion effective from result publication. (Para 4 , 5 , 13 , 14)
3. seniority-cum-fitness stream regularization from 2009. (Para 6 , 18 , 19)
4. 50% promotion, 50% ldce recruitment rules. (Para 10 , 11 , 12)
5. ad hoc promotion does not confer seniority. (Para 15 , 16 , 17)
6. seniority reckoned from regular ldce appointment date. (Para 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 25)
7. applicants excluded from draft seniority list. (Para 24 , 26)

ORDER 

Justice K. Haripal, Judicial Member

Applicants had started as Junior Engineers in 2000 in the Postal Civil Wing of the Engineering Branch. On the basis of the decision of the DPC held on 06.07.2009 they along with some other Junior Engineers were promoted as Assistant Engineers with effect from 08.07.2009 on adhoc basis, for a period of 11 months. According to the applicants, their adhoc appointment continued uninterrupted and atlast they were promoted as regular Assistant Engineers on 02.06.2020. The precise claim of the applicants is that they are working as Assistant Engineers from 08.07.2009 un- interuptedly and continously without any break, for more than 10 years till they were regularized on 02.06.2020, therefore they are entitled to be regularized and seniority reckoned from 08.07.2009, the date of their initial appointment as Assistant Engineer on temporary basis. In this connection they have also placed reliance on AnnexuresA12 and A13 orders of the Delhi High Court and the Principal Bench of this Tribunal respectively. The draft seniority list published 26.02.202, Annexure A-10, does not contain their names. Even though they made repeated representations for regularizing them and reckoning their seniority in the cadre of Assistant Engineer from 08.07.2009, that were not considered and that prompted them to approach this Tribunal seeking a direction to the respondents to consider their representation for regular promotion from 08.07.2009 and to direct the respondents to revise the draft seniority list published by the respondents on 26.02.2020 vide Annexure A-10.

2. As our learned counter parts in Bangalore had recused from hearing the matter, the OA was made over to us on the orders of the Hon'ble Chairman of the Central Administrative Tribunal. We heard the case in virtual mode.

3. During the pendency of the Original Application, the party respondents 6 to 9 sought to intervene and got themselves impleaded and contested the case. The official respondents and the party respondents have opposed the claim of the applicants.

4. The respondents 1 to 5 in their common reply have disputed the contentions. According to them the applicants were considered for appointment as Assistant Engineers in the quota of Limited Departmental Competitive Examination (LDCE), which is 50% of the sanctioned posts. When the examination was about to be held on 03.05.2010 and 04.05.2010, an association of the applicants- Bhartiya Postal Civil Wing Non-Gazetted Employees Union through its Circle Secretary moved the Lucknow Bench of the Allahabad High Court and obtained an interim order. The High Court was told by them that Recruitment Rules have not been framed by the DoT for Group B posts, in the absence of rules, promotional posts should not be filled up through the impugned examination. On that basis, an interim order was passed on 30.04.2010- Annexure R-1 produced by the official respondents; thus the Court permitted the respondents to hold the examination, but the result was directed to be kept in abeyance. Such an order continued till it was vacated on 18.04.2017 by Annexure R-5 order. When the result was declared, it was found that no-one had qualified in the LDCE. But some of the applicants along with others challenged that decision before this Tribunal and the Tribunal by Annexure R-2 order interefered with the finding that no-one had qualified and directed to re-draw the list. Accordingly, fresh list was publishe

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