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2024 Supreme(Online)(CAT) 14433

CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL
MS. RANJANA SHAHI, MEMBER (J), SHRI LOK RANJAN, MEMBER (A)
Subhash Yadav – Appellant
Versus
Union of India through the Secretary, Ministry of Mines – Respondent
ORIGINAL APPLICATION No. 776/2015



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Shri B.K. Jatti
For the Respondents: Shri N.C. Goyal

Promotions in service are effective only from the date granted, not retrospectively, unless explicit rules allow such actions.

Headnote:(A) Service Law - Promotion - Applicants aggrieved by delayed promotion and seniority assignment due to non-holding of DPC meetings; seeking ante-dating of promotional benefits as per prior case law. Relevant order by CAT Lucknow directed similar outcomes for equally situated applicants. (Paras 2, 3, 4)

(B) Principle of Promotion - Promotions take effect from the date of being granted; not retrospectively unless expressly provided. Judicial precedents reaffirm that seniority follows from actual date of promotion, prohibiting retrospective benefits unless specific rule shared. (Paras 10, 11, 12)

Facts of the case:
The Applicants claimed ante-dating of their promotions to Geologist post due to delays in DPC meetings despite qualifying conditions being met. Discrepancy in benefits awarded compared to similarly situated applicants was contested, leading to this OA.

Findings of Court:
The current OA was found to be governed by previous legal interpretations that disallow retrospective promotions without explicit contextual regulations, affirming that prior judgments govern current outcomes.

Issues: Whether ante-dating of promotions and adjustments in seniority effectively apply to applicants despite prior inconsistent applications of similar prior judgments.

Ratio Decidendi: The court reiterated that any promotion should be granted from the date it is effectively implemented as per the departmental rules, with no retrospective application applicable unless stated within those regulations.

Result: The present O.A. is disposed of as per earlier judgements opposite interpretations.

Table of Content
1. promotion and seniority delays (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. judgment extensions for equal treatment (Para 4 , 5)
3. arguments against retrospective seniority (Para 6 , 7)
4. judicial precedents on promotion timing (Para 8 , 9 , 10)
5. final disposition based on prior judgment (Para 11 , 12)

ORDER

Per : Hon’ble Shri Lok Ranjan, Member (A)

All the Applicants were aggrieved by same cause of action against the same Respondents and are praying for similar relief. Therefore to avoid multiplicity of litigation, they had filed the instant OA jointly.

2. The Applicants were aggrieved by the promotion and seniority assigned to them in the grade of Geologist [erstwhile Geologist (Jr.)], which had been delayed due to not holding of the meetings of the Departmental Promotion Committee (DPC) in time in the recruitment years 1995-96, 1996-97, 1997-98, 1998-99 etc. despite availability of vacancies and qualified candidates ; and were seeking the ante-dating of their promotion/seniority notionally, in line with the Order dated 13.02.2014 of the Hon’ble Central Administrative Tribunal, Lucknow Bench, in the O.A. No.221/2006.

3. On the basis of the pleadings of the parties in the case before us, the relevant matrix of facts in the case had emerged as follows briefly. The Applicants were appointed to the post of Assistant Geologist or were promoted to the post of Assistant Geologist from the cadre of Senior Technical Assistant (Geology). As per recruitment rules and Departmental Policy dated 02.04.1979, the next promotional/higher post for the Grade of Assistant Geologist was the Grade of Geologist(Junior) ; and 50% of the posts in the Grade of Geologist(Jr.) were to be filled by Direct Recruitment (DR) and 50% by promotion from amongst the Assistant Geologists, who had completed three years continuous service in the Grade. Accordingly, on completion of three years continuous service in the Grade of Assistant Geologist, the Applicants also had become eligible for consideration for promotion to the Grade of Geologist(Jr). As per extant rules vide O.M. No.22011/3/91-Estt.(D) dated 13.05.1991, the Departmental Promotion Committee (DPC) should have been convened at regular annual intervals to draw panels, which could be utilized for making promotions against the vacancies occurring during the course of a year ; and such requirement of convening annual meetings of the DPC could be dispensed with only after a Certificate had been issued by the Appointing Authority that there were no vacancies to be filled by promotion or no officers were due for confirmation during the year in question. Despite availability of vacancies as well as eligible officers, inter alia the Applicants, no DPC meeting was convened/held in the recruitment year 1995-96, 1996-97, 1997-98, 1998-99 etc. for making promotion to the Geologist(Jr.) against 50% promotion quota. At the same time, the Respondent Department had been filling up the 50% of vacancies in Geologist (Jr.) through DR. Later, the Respondents had promoted the Applicants to the post of Geologist(Jr.) vide Order dated 22.03.2002, while providing that the promotion will take effect from the date of assumption of the post of Geologist(Jr) and not from the date of acquiring eligibility / availability of vacancies. Thereby, the Applicants had been rendered as junior to those officials who were appointed under DR quota against vacancies of 1997-98.

4. Against this, the Applicants and other similarly situated officials had made representations, but no action was taken by Respondents. Some of similarly situated officials had then filed the O.A. No.221/2006 (Ramanand and Ors. Vs. Union of India and Ors.) before the Hon’ble Central Administrative Tribunal Lucknow Bench, Lucknow which was allowed vide the Order dated 13.02.2014 with direction to grant the notional promotion to the Applicants from the date of occurrence of the vacancies as per the seniority in the feeder grade. Further, the Respondents were directed to refix the

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