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2025 Supreme(Online)(CAT) 14650

CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL
Rajinder Singh Dogra, Judicial Member, Ram Mohan Johri, Member
Rashmi Kumari – Appellant
Versus
State of J&K – Respondent
Transfer Application No. 6586/2021



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Abrar Ahmed
For the Respondents: Sudesh Magotra

The terms of an advertisement are binding on both candidates and the selecting authority, and candidates are estopped from challenging notified eligibility criteria or claiming relaxation after participating in the selection process.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Articles 14 and 16 - Selection process - Eligibility criteria - Non-recognition of distance education - Writ applicant challenged exclusion from selection list for teacher post due to non-acceptance of distance degree - Recruitment notification specified that degrees obtained through distance mode (except from IGNOU/DOEACC) were not entertainable unless recognized by specified institutions - Applicant failed to submit requisite documents - Court held that terms of advertisement are binding and applicant is estopped from challenging criteria after participating in selection process. (Paras 9, 10, 11)

(B) Judicial Review - Scope and ambit - Courts and tribunals should not sit as appellate authorities over expert bodies conducting selections - Interference warranted only upon proof of illegality, arbitrariness, or mala fides - Applicant failed to demonstrate entitlement or satisfy cut-off merit points for selection. (Paras 12, 13, 14)

Facts of the case:
The applicant initiated legal proceedings after being excluded from a selection list for teacher positions (2010 notification). She claimed her post-graduate degree in Environmental Studies from a distance university should have been considered/given pro-rata weightage to qualify her for the post, alleging discrimination compared to other candidates.

Findings of Court:
The selection process adhered strictly to the published notification terms. The applicant failed to submit the required bonafide documentation in the prescribed format and did not secure the minimum cut-off merit points; hence, the selection board's decision is upheld.

Issues: Whether the applicant was entitled to weightage for a distance education degree contrary to advertisement stipulations and whether the selection process was discriminatory.

Ratio Decidendi: Selection criteria notified in an advertisement are binding on all candidates; participants cannot seek relaxation of criteria post-selection, and courts will generally not substitute their discretion for that of expert selection bodies regarding academic qualification weightage.

Result: Transfer Application dismissed.

Table of Content
1. background and procedural history of the challenge to the selection criteria. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. conflicting stances on adherence to advertisement conditions and candidate eligibility. (Para 4 , 7 , 8)
3. binding nature of advertisement terms on candidates and authority. (Para 9 , 10 , 11)
4. limited scope of judicial review in expert-conducted selection processes. (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15)

ORDER

Per: - Rajinder Singh Dogra, Judicial Member

1. The SWP No.1232/2018 was transferred from the Hon’ble High Court of Jammu & Kashmir at Jammu and was registered as T.A No.6586/2021 by the Registry of this Tribunal.

2. The present matter was filed before the Hon’ble High Court seeking following relief: -

a) Allow the present writ petition;

b) Certiorari seeking to quash Selection List of Distt. Cadre. Poonch (Education Department) in pursuance of Advertisement Notice No. 07 of 2010 Dated 12.11.2010 published and issued by J&K Service Selection Board to the extent the said list excludes the name of the petitioner.

c) Mandamus directing the respondent to include and add the marks secured by the petitioner in Post Graduation from Vinayaka Mission University Salem Tamil Nadu into the marks already secured by the petitioner in the selection process.

d) Mandamus directing the respondent J&K SSB to include the name of the petitioner in the Final Selection List after giving weightage to the marks secured by the petitioner in P.G Degree (on pro-rata basis) and subsequently recommend the name of the petitioner for appointment for the post of Teacher in Distt. Cadre Poonch.

e) Mandamus declaring that the Post Graduate Degree obtained by the petitioner in the Post Graduation from Vinayaka Mission University Salem Tamil Nadu which are duly recognized by Distance Education Council and UGC, with the further direction to the official respondents to accord consideration to the petitioner for the post of teachers on the basis of degrees acquired by them through Distance mode from Vinayaka Mission University.

f) Any other additional / alternate relief, which this Hon'ble Court may, in the facts and circumstances of the case may consider fit and appropriate be granted in favor of the petitioner and against the respondents.

3. The facts of the case as pleaded by the petitioner in her pleadings are as follows: -

a) The present Transfer Application arises out of SWP No. 1232/2018, originally filed before the Hon’ble High Court of Jammu & Kashmir at Jammu, which upon transfer stood registered as T.A. No. 6586/2021 before this Tribunal. The applicant had participated in the selection process initiated pursuant to Advertisement Notification No. 07 of 2010 dated 12.11.2010 issued by the Jammu and Kashmir Services Selection Board for filling up 267 posts of General Line Teachers in District Cadre Poonch under the School Education Department.

b) The applicant claims that she possesses the requisite academic qualifications, having passed 10+2, graduation and B.Ed. from recognized institutions, and thereafter obtained a Post-Graduate degree (M.Sc. Environmental Studies) through distance mode from Vinayaka Missions University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, a deemed university under Section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956 . It is the case of the applicant that the said University is recognized by UGC and Distance Education Council and is also a member of the Association of Indian Universities. According to the applicant, she was issued a bonafide certificate by the Directorate of Distance Education of the said University, certifying her enrollment and completion of the Post-Graduate course.

c) The applicant applied under Open Merit category and was duly shortlisted and called for interview. She appeared before the Selection Committee on the notified date and produced her original certificates, including the Post-Graduate degree and bonafide certificate. The applicant asserts that despite having high academic merit and performing well in viva-voce, her Post-Graduate qualif

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