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2026 Supreme(Online)(CAT) 2558

CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL
Manish Garg, Member (J), Rajinder Kashyap, Member (A)
Mona Goel – Appellant
Versus
Govt. of NCT of Delhi – Respondent
O.A. No.2801 of 2022



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Shri Yogesh Kumar Mahur with Ms. Yogita
For the Respondents: Ms. Purnima Maheshwari with Shri D.K. Singh

Higher qualification like B.Ed. (Special Education) not equivalent to prescribed 2-year Diploma unless expressly declared; eligibility strictly per Recruitment Rules as on cut-off date; courts cannot determine equivalence or rewrite rules.

Headnote:(A) Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985 - Section 19 - Recruitment Rules - Essential qualification for Special Educator (Primary) - "2-year Diploma Programme in Special Education recognized by RCI or equivalent qualification approved by RCI" - Candidates possessing B.Ed. (Special Education) recognized by RCI held not eligible as they lacked specific 2-year Diploma in Special Education - Higher qualification cannot be treated as equivalent to prescribed lower qualification unless expressly declared by competent authority or rules so provide - Prescription of qualifications is matter of recruitment policy for employer; courts cannot expand or determine equivalence through judicial review - Eligibility determined as on cut-off date (14.04.2021); subsequent notifications (NCTE dated 13.10.2021, DoE Rules dated 24.02.2022) not applicable - Rejection notice brief but reasoned; prior recall notices provided opportunities to rectify deficiencies, no violation of natural justice in objective document-based scrutiny - Shortlisting after exam does not confer right to appointment if qualifications deficient. (Paras 8, 9, 9.2, 9.3, 10, 11, 12)

(B) Service Law - Higher qualification - Does not ipso facto subsume lower prescribed qualification absent specific rule or declaration of equivalence - State as employer entitled to prescribe exact qualifications considering job nature, aptitudes, course content; judicial review limited, cannot substitute employer’s assessment unless arbitrary. (Paras 9.2, 9.3)

Facts of the case:
Candidates applied for Special Educator (Primary) under respective categories vide advertisement with cut-off date 14.04.2021, possessing General Diploma in Education and B.Ed. (Special Education) recognized by RCI. Appeared in exam on 17.10.2021, shortlisted based on marks, uploaded e-dossiers, given 1st and 2nd recall notices to submit 2-year Diploma in Special Education but failed to do so. Candidatures rejected vide notice dated 01.07.2022 for lacking requisite qualification despite shortlisting.

Findings of Court:
Applicants do not meet essential qualification under Recruitment Rules; B.Ed. (Special Education) not equivalent to prescribed 2-year Diploma absent express declaration; rejection lawful, not arbitrary; subsequent notifications post cut-off date inapplicable; OA dismissed.

Issues: (i) Whether B.Ed. (Special Education) fulfills prescribed 2-year Diploma or equivalent; (ii) Whether rejection arbitrary/violative of natural justice; (iii) Whether higher qualification equates to prescribed absent express declaration; (iv) Applicability of post cut-off notifications.

Ratio Decidendi: Higher qualifications cannot substitute prescribed lower ones unless rules expressly permit or competent authority declares equivalence; employer determines suitability; cut-off date governs eligibility; opportunities via recall notices satisfy natural justice in recruitment.

Result: Original Application dismissed. No costs.

Table of Content
1. applicants shortlisted but rejected for lacking rci diploma (Para 1 , 2)
2. b.ed special education equivalent to diploma per ncte (Para 4)
3. strict adherence to rci diploma requirement mandatory (Para 5)
4. prior judgments distinguish case favoring applicants (Para 6)
5. higher qualification not equivalent absent rci declaration (Para 7 , 8 , 9)
6. rejection valid; post-cutoff notifications inapplicable (Para 10 , 11 , 12)
7. oa dismissed per supreme court precedents (Para 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18)

O R D E R

Hon’ble Mr. Rajinder Kashyap, Member (A):

By filing the present OA filed under Section 19 of the Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985, seeking the following reliefs:-

I) Quash and set aside the Impugned Rejection Notice No. Notice No.1400 dated 01.07.2022 qua the applicant placed as Annexure A-1 (Applicant No.1 at Sl. No. 176 and Applicant No. 2 at Sl. No. 106), vide which the candidature of the applicants have been illegally cancelled/ rejected in-spite of being shortlisted after the written examination.

II) Direct respondents to complete the process of selection and appoint the Applicants forthwith to the post of Special Educator (Primary) Post Code 32/21 under respective categories for which the applicant were shortlisted with all consequential benefits;

III) Pass such further and other orders and directions as this Hon'ble Court may deem fit and proper.

FACTS OF THE CASE

2. The facts, as stated by the applicant, are :

2.1 The applicants had applied for the post of Special Educator (Primary), Post Code 32/21 under respective category i.e., applicant No.1 in EWS category and applicant No.2 in SC category vide advertisement No.01/2021 (Annexure A-3) where the closing dated for applying was 14.04.2021.

2.2 The applicants were issued the Roll Nos. i.e., Applicant No.1 was issued Roll No. 412032100644 and Applicant No. 2 was issued Roll No. 324032100114 and both appeared in the written examination, which was held on 17.10.2021. The Applicant No.1 scored 88.78 marks and Applicant No.2 scored 88.32 marks and were declared shortlisted for the post code No.32/21 vide notification dated 05.01.2022 in their respective category. It is stated that Applicant No.2 has scored more than the cut-off in her category [Annexure A-4 (Colly)].

2.3 Thereafter all the successful candidates were directed to upload their e-dossier and upload their documents such as Educational Qualification, Professional Experience, Marks Sheet, Caste Certificate, admit card etc. vide Notification No. 1337 dated 05.01.2022 in the e- dossier link activated on OARS Module with effect from 13.01.2022 to 27.01.2022. The applicants as per the directions of the Board uploaded the documents as desired.

2.4 The applicants successfully uploaded all the documents, including all the educational qualifications and Caste/ EWS certificate along with the e-dossier within the window period of 13.01.2022 to 27.01.2022.

2.5 It is stated that the Applicant No. 1 is in possession of Diploma in Education from Board of Secondary Education, Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal and Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) in Special Education from Chaudhary Ranbir Singh University, Jind which is duly certified by the RCI (Rehabilitation Council of India) vide CRR No. A70254 for the Degree of Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) in Special Education, Learning Disability and Applicant No. 2 is also holder of Diploma in Education from Board of School Education, Haryana and Bachelor of Education, Special Education (Mental Retardation) from Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak duly approved by the Rehabilitation Council of India (RCI).

2.6 Thereafter, the Board had given deficient notice as 1st Recall Notice no.1384 dated 26.05.2022 and 2nd Recall Notices 1389 dated 14.06.2022 [Annexure A-5 (Colly)] to upload deficient documents through e-dossier module. The applicants had submitted the documents each time, they were asked to do so.

2.7 On 01.07.2022, vide impugned Notice No.1400 (Annexure A- 1), which was uploaded on the

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