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2026 Supreme(Online)(CAT) 3104

CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL
Veena Kothavale, Judicial Member, Sisir Kumar Ratho, Administrative Member
S.Kotteeswaran – Appellant
Versus
Union of India – Respondent
OA



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: M/s. P. Ulaganathan
For the Respondents: Mr. Su. Srinivasan, SCGSC

Inordinate unexplained delay exceeding 12 years in disciplinary proceedings against retired employee, coupled with procedural lapses, causes serious prejudice and warrants quashing to uphold natural justice.

Headnote:(A) CCS (CCA) Rules, 1965 - Rule 14; CCS (Conduct) Rules, 1964 - Rules 3, 15, 18; CCS (Pension) Rules, 1972 - Rule 9 - Disciplinary proceedings against retired employee - Inordinate unexplained delay of over 12 years in concluding proceedings, repeated changes of inquiring officers, failure to furnish documents to UPSC, and addition of new charges without presidential approval - Such delay causes serious prejudice, making defense impossible after 15 years, especially for pensioner in sunset years with unblemished service - Proceedings quashed as violative of natural justice and procedural rules. (Paras 10, 11, 16, 17)

(B) Disciplinary proceedings - Delay - Mere delay not fatal if explained, but unexplained inordinate delay defeats justice, causes mental agony and monetary loss - Court to balance clean administration against prejudice to employee; where delay abnormal, no satisfactory justification, and procedural lapses evident, proceedings terminated. (Paras 9, 13, 14, 15)

Facts of the case:
Retired employee faced major disciplinary action initiated post-CBI case closure recommending departmental proceedings - Charges related to illegal gratification (not proved by IO), family business without intimation, and property acquisition non-disclosure - IO report disagreed on one charge, UPSC remanded for deficiencies, multiple IOs appointed over years leading to 12+ year delay post-retirement.

Findings of Court:
Disciplinary proceedings conducted lackadaisically with primary procedural deficiencies, unjustified delay, and unauthorized addition of charges - Applicant entitled to peaceful retirement; all proceedings quashed, consequential benefits to follow.

Issues: Whether inordinate delay vitiates disciplinary proceedings against retired employee; validity of repeated IO changes, UPSC deficiencies, and new charges without competent authority approval.

Ratio Decidendi: Unexplained delay over 12 years post-retirement, compounded by procedural irregularities like missing documents and lack of presidential approval for fresh inquiries under pension rules, causes irremediable prejudice - Principles of natural justice and timely justice mandate quashing.

Result: OA allowed; charge sheet and all consequential proceedings quashed and set aside.

Table of Content
1. factual background of cbi case, charges, and prolonged disciplinary proceedings. (Para 1 , 2 , 7)
2. parties' arguments and cited precedents on delay. (Para 6 , 8)
3. unexplained inordinate delay vitiates disciplinary proceedings causing prejudice. (Para 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15)
4. quash proceedings due to delay and procedural violations post-retirement. (Para 16 , 17 , 18)

ORDER

(Pronounced by Hon'ble Mr. Sisir Kumar Ratho, Member(A))

This OA has been filed by the applicant seeking the following reliefs:-

i. Memorandum of Charges issued by Deputy Secretary, under the authority of R1 dated 07.12.2012.

ii. Memorandum No. C-13011/51/2011-Viq issued by the Under Secretary, under the authority of the President of India dated 06.05.2015.

iii. Order No. C-13011/51/2011-Vig issued by the Under Secretary, under the authority of the President of India dated 14.12.2018 conveying tentative disagreement on the Article 1 of the Articles of Charges that was held not proved by the IA and tentatively agreeing with the other charges held to be proved.

iv. Order No. C-13011/51/2011-Vigilance Issued by the Under Secretary, under the authority of the President of India dated 22.06.2018. (Τo be read as 22.06.2020) (Date of the order mentioned wrongly, as it was received by the applicant on 30.06.2020 and issued on the retirement of the previous Inquiry Officer on 31.05.2020); and quash all the above proceedings as illegal and consequentially direct the 1st Respondent to drop all the disciplinary proceedings initiated against the applicant in this regard and allow all the consequential benefits including arrears of pay and allowances, if any, and arrears of pension and allowances, other pensionary benefits that had been withheld due to the pending disciplinary proceedings; and pass any other order or direction or grant any other relief, in the circumstances of the case and thus render justice.”

2. The brief facts of the case as submitted by the applicant, are as follows :-

2.1. The applicant, who has retired on superannuation, on 30.11.2013 from the office of 2nd respondent while working as Junior Technical Assistant, was falsely implicated in CBI case on the basis of a complaint filed by a third party on the charge of criminal conspiracy and demanding illegal gratification for facilitating registration of the Complainant's Association.

The said case was closed by the learned CBI Court on the basis of a report submitted by the CBI who recorded that there are no sufficient evidence to prove the charge and who recommended for major penalty proceedings against the applicant.

2.2. The 1st respondent issued a Charge Memo dt. 07.12.2012 under Rule 14 of the CCS (CCA)Rules, 1965, consisting of three articles of charges, of which the 1st article of charge i.e., that he sought illegal gratification of money etc, was the same as that of the criminal charge filed in the CBI Court by the CBI, which was eventually closed for "mistake of facts". The 2nd article of charge was relating to the alleged failure of the applicant for not complying with Rule 15 of CCS (Conduct) Rules, 1964 in as much as he did not intimate the Ministry about his family members' doing business. The 3rd article of charge was pertaining to his alleged failure to comply to the requirement of Rule 18 regarding permission/intimation on acquisition of properties.

2.3. The 1st respondent has been frequently changing the IO and the 2nd IO who inquired into the charges submitted his report dt. 21.02.2014 gave a finding that the first article of charge is not proved. As regards the second and third articles of charges, he gave a finding that some of them are proved while some others are not proved. The DA, on consideration of the IO's report, gave a memo dt. 06.05.2015 giving his tentative disagreement with the finding of IO in respect of Article 1 that was found to be not proved and accepted the finding in respect of the finding on Articles 2 and 3. As against the memo, the applicant

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