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2026 Supreme(Online)(CAT) 3668

CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL
Rajinder Kashyap, Member (A), Ranjit More, Chairman
5296/2018
O.A. under Section 19 of the Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985|OA No. 818/2000|Writ Petition (Civil) No. 4664/2001|Special Leave to Appeal (Civil) No. 289/2003|WP (C) No. 9357/2016



Advocates:
For the Applicants: Learned counsel for the applicants
For the Respondents:Learned counsel for the respondents

Non-functional replacement pay scale granted pre-MACP cannot be counted as financial upgradation against MACP benefits, per binding judicial precedent overriding administrative advice; ensures equality for stagnated employees with two promotions after 30 years service.

Headnote:(A) Modified Assured Career Progression (MACP) Scheme dated 19.05.2009 - Para 28

(C) and 8.1 - Grant of higher pay scale of Rs.7500-12000 to 50% of cadre strength as replacement scale recommended by 5th CPC - Held, not financial upgradation or promotion but mere placement/non-functional scale as per binding judicial pronouncements attaining finality up to Supreme Court - Cannot be counted against financial upgradation under MACP Scheme despite subsequent administrative advice - Administrative instructions cannot override judicial decisions - Discriminatory denial to employees with only two promotions after 30 years service while granting same to similarly placed persons violates equality. (Paras 8, 8.1, 8.2, 9, 10, 11)

(B) Administrative Law - Judicial discipline requires subordinate authorities bound by higher judicial forums - Cannot ignore appellate orders on administrative grounds - Executive clarifications cannot alter judicially determined character of pay scale or supersede scheme provisions. (Paras 9, 9.1 to 9.6)

(C) Constitutional Law - Articles 14 and 16 - Arbitrariness antithetical to equality - Similarly situated employees must be treated alike - No rational basis for differential treatment in grant of financial upgradation. (Paras 10, 10.1)

Facts of the case:
Applicants, appointed as Junior Engineers in 1985-86, promoted to Assistant Engineers (1993-2001) and Executive Engineers (2009-15), granted pay scale Rs.7500-12000 as placement to 50% senior AEs till 2003 - Claimed 3rd MACP in Grade Pay Rs.7600 after 30 years service denied vide letter dated 02.04.2018 counting said scale as upgradation contrary to prior judicial rulings and department's own clarification - Similarly placed peers granted benefit.

Findings of Court:
Impugned order quashed - Respondents directed to grant 3rd Financial Upgradation in pay scale Rs.15600-39100 with Grade Pay Rs.7600 from date of 30 years service completion under MACP Scheme within 4 weeks.

Issues: (i) Character of Rs.7500-12000 scale as placement or financial upgradation under MACP; (ii) Justifiability of counting it against 3rd MACP; (iii) Discriminatory denial vis-a-vis similarly placed; (iv) Entitlement after 30 years with two promotions.

Ratio Decidendi: Placement scale Rs.7500-12000 not countable as upgradation per final judicial verdict - Only two promotions received entitle to 3rd MACP at 30 years - DoP&T advice/OMs cannot override binding precedent - Discrimination without rational basis violates Articles 14/16.

Result: O.A. allowed.

Table of Content
1. applicants seek 3rd macp upgradation relief. (Para 1)
2. applicants' service history and promotions detailed. (Para 2)
3. prior judgments and discrimination against similarly placed. (Para 3)
4. applicants argue violation of equality, prior rulings. (Para 4)
5. respondents defend counting nfs as macp offset. (Para 5)
6. rebuttal: nfs not upgradation per judgments. (Para 6)
7. issues framed; f.c. jain rules nfs as placement. (Para 7 , 8)
8. judicial precedents override dop&t nfs not upgradation. (Para 9)
9. discrimination violates articles 14, 16. (Para 10)
10. applicants entitled to 3rd macp post 30 years. (Para 11)
11. oa allowed; grant 3rd macp directed. (Para 12 , 13 , 14)

Hon’ble Mr. Rajinder Kashyap, Member (A):

The applicants are aggrieved by the Letter No. 24/10/2017 EC-III dated 02.04.2018 (Annexure A/1) issued by the respondents vide which they have denied them 3rd Financial Upgradation in Pay Band-3 (Rs.15600–39100) with Grade Pay Rs.7600 under the MACP Scheme. However, according to them, the respondents have wrongly treated their placement in the pay scale of Rs.7500–12000, as a financial upgradation for the purposes of the MACP Scheme. Thus, by filing the present O.A. under Section 19 of the Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985, the applicants are seeking the following reliefs:-

"i. To quash and set aside the impugned letter dated 02.04.2018 and direct the respondents to grant 3rd Financial Upgradation to the applicants in the pay scale of Rs.15600-39100 with grade pay of Rs.7600 from the date of completion of30 years of service as per MACP Scheme dated 19.05.2009.

ii. To declare the action of respondents in not granting the pay scale of Rs. 15600-39100 with grade pay of Rs. 7600 as 3rdFinancial Upgradation as granted to other similarly placed persons namely Sh Sunil Kumar, Sh. Ram Kumar Singh, Sh. Brijesh Bahadur, Sh. Pramod Kumar Gupta, EE (C) and many others as illegal and direct the respondents to grant the 3rdFinancial Upgradation to the applicants in the pay scale of Rs.15600-39100 with grade pay of Rs.7600 from the date of completion of30 years with all arrears of pay along with interest @12%.

iii. To allow the O.A. with costs.

iv. Any other relief which the Hon'ble Tribunal deem fit and proper may also be granted to the applicants."

FACTS OF THE CASE

2. Brief facts of the case are that the applicants originally entered service as Junior Engineers (JEs) and were subsequently promoted to Assistant Engineers (AEs) between 1993 and 2001. They are filing this O.A. collectively based on a common cause of action and common points of facts and law. Details of applicants’ initial appointment and 1st promotion/Financial Upgradation etc. are given herein below:-

2.1 It is stated by the applicants that, as the acute stagnation was prevailing in most of the departments/autonomous bodies of Govt. of India, therefore, the 5th CPC recommended grant of minimum 2 Financial Upgradation in the pay scale attached to the promotional posts. The said recommendations were accepted and implemented by Govt. of India vide OM dated 09.08.1999 (Annexure A-2), which is known as Assured Career Progress (ACP) Scheme. As per aforesaid Scheme, the Govt. servants who could not get 1/2 promotion on completion of 12/24 years of regular service were made entitled for grant of 2 Financial Upgradation in the pay scale attached to the promotional posts.

2.2 It is also stated that the Fifth Central Pay Commission contained in paras 50.54 and 87.22, recommended two pay scales of the Assistant Engineer in CPWD i.e. Rs. 6500-10500 and Rs.7500- 12000, therefore, the same were introduced and were to be granted to the extent of 50% of the posts in each category according to the cadre strength. As a consequence of the aforesaid, the respondents issued Office Order dated 13.05.1998 for grant of aforesaid scale to the eligible AEs as per the cadre strength. The said placement in the pay scale of Rs. 7500-12000 was illegally counted as Financial. Upgradation as

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