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2026 Supreme(Online)(CAT) 4085

CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL
RITU TAGORE, J, PRASANT KUMAR, Administrative Member
Mohd. Ishaq Bhat – Appellant
Versus
Union Territory of J&K – Respondent
O.A. No. 470/2023



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Jahnagir Ganaie, Sr. Counsel
For the Respondents: S.F. Bandey, Shah Aamir for JKPSC, Satinder Singh, AAG, Rais ud din Ganaie, DAG

Public Service Commission has authority to determine candidate eligibility including qualification relevance with expert aid; higher qualifications given weightage only after minimum met; below-benchmark candidate lacks locus to challenge selection.

Headnote:(A) Jammu and Kashmir Public Service Commission (Business & Procedure) Rules, 2021 - Rules 28, 43, 45, 50 - Recruitment Rules - Eligibility determination - Qualification equivalence - Public Service Commission vested with authority to determine eligibility and suitability of candidates strictly per advertisement conditions and rules; no equivalence claim entertained unless certified by government, but Commission may seek clarifications and decide with expert assistance - Higher qualifications considered for weightage only after minimum eligibility satisfied - Benchmark of 50% marks mandatory for open merit zone of consideration. (Paras 28, 30-39, 41-46, 50-53, 55)

(B) Service Law - Locus standi - Candidate failing to secure minimum benchmark marks or figure in merit for available post lacks standing to challenge selection of another. (Paras 54-56)

(C) Judicial Review - Scope limited to illegality, arbitrariness or mala fides; deference to expert bodies and Commission's final decisions on eligibility absent perversity. (Paras 36-38, 46)

Facts of the case:
Applicant challenged selection notification and rejection of representation against selection of respondent possessing B.Sc. (Forestry), M.Sc. (Wood Science & Technology) and Ph.D. (Forestry) for post requiring Bachelor's degree in relevant branch or graduate with diploma in wood technology. Applicant held B.A. and diploma, qualified written test but secured 47.62 marks below 50% benchmark, not figuring in merit for single open merit post.

Findings of Court:
Respondent's qualifications relevant/equivalent per syllabus analysis, expert certification and UGC guidelines; Commission lawfully determined eligibility pre-weightage; applicant lacked locus.

Issues: (i) Whether selected respondent possessed required eligibility per rules and advertisement? (ii) Whether Commission authorised to determine eligibility/suitability? (Para 30)

Ratio Decidendi: Commission holds final authority on eligibility per rules; equivalence/relevance determined by experts considering subject nexus; higher qualifications aid weightage post-eligibility; failure to meet benchmark bars challenge. Deference to Commission's reasoned decisions absent illegality.

Result: O.A. dismissed with costs.

Table of Content
1. applicant's challenge to ineligible candidates (Para 10)
2. commission's defense of respondent-4's eligibility (Para 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15)
3. private respondent's eligibility certification (Para 16 , 17 , 18)
4. high court remand for rehearing (Para 19)
5. applicant's arguments on rule violations (Para 20 , 21 , 22 , 23)
6. respondents' locus standi and eligibility defense (Para 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29)
7. advertisement rules on provisional eligibility (Para 30)

JUSTICE RITU TAGORE, MEMBER [JUDL.]

01. Through the medium of the present petition, the petitioner seeks the following reliefs and directions-

a) Notification No. 15-PSC (DR-S) of 2023 dated 14.04.2023 issued by Respondent No.3 in terms whereof the Respondent No.4 has been selected against the post Lecturer-II (Non-Engineering) Wood Technology in skill Development Department, be quashed and set aside.

b) Notice dated 29.05.2023 in terms whereof the representation filed by the applicant against the selection of respondent No.4 be quashed and set aside.

c) The respondent Commission be directed to select and recommend the applicant against the post of Lecturer-II (Non-Engineering) Wood Technology in Skill Development Department and consequent to the recommendation made, the applicant be offered appointment against the post of Lecturer-II (Non-Engineering)

Wood Technology in Skill Development Department.

d) Such order or direction which Hon’ble Tribunal may deem fit and proper in the given facts and circumstances of the case.

Facts of the O.A

02. The case of the applicant, in brief, is that the Commission (RespondentNo.3), issued a Notification bearing No. 6-PSC (DR- P) of 2022 dated 24.01.2022(Annexure-III), inviting applications through online mode, among others, (02) two posts, one each, under Open &RBA Category, of Lecturer-II (Non-Engineering) Wood Technology in Skill Development Department, prescribing the following qualifications:

03. As per the scheme of selection, the selection process was required to be conducted in accordance with provisions laid down in Jammu and Kashmir Public Service Commission (Business &Procedure) Rules, 2021 as amended from time to time (herein referred to as ‘the Rules of 2021’), with special reference to Rule

43 (i).

qualification, submitted an online application pursuant to the advertisement notice. The Commission (Respondent No.3), thereafter conducted a written test for the said post and vide Notification No. PSC/Exam/2022/39 dated 19.12.2022 (Annexure- IV), declared the result thereof, wherein the applicant was declared successful. Subsequently, the candidates who qualified in the written test were called upon to appear for the oral test/viva voce

05. It is further the case of the applicant that Rule 28 of Recruitment Rules mandates that, while determining eligibility, no claim of equivalence in the minimum required/prescribed academic shall be entertained by the Commission (Respondent No.3)unless such equivalence is expressly provided in the Rules and duly certified by the Government in the requisitioning department. The applicant contends that, in contravention of the aforesaid mandatory provision, the Commission (Respondent No.3) entertained and accepted the applications of ineligible candidates on the basis of claimed equivalence and permitted them to participate in the selection process.

06. It is the case of the applicant that, upon verification of documents, it was found that certain candidates possessed Degree/Diploma qualification in subjects other than those prescribed, whereupon the Commission (Respondent No.3) vide OM No DSD- Gen/11/22/2023-CC-7114691 dated 03-02-2023(Annexure-V) sought clarification regarding the equivalence of such qualification for initiating interview process. The matter was, thereafter, referred to the Standing Committee constituted vide Govt. Order dated 12.09.2018 (Annexure-VIII) for consideration.

07. The applicant contends that, without awaiting the decision of the Standing Committee and in c

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