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2026 Supreme(Online)(CAT) 4723

CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL
LATA BASWARAJ PATNE, Member (J), VARUN SINDHU KUL KAUMUDI, Member (A)
PENUGONDA RAVITEJA – Appellant
Versus
UOI – Respondent
OA No.020/00672/2023|OA No.020/673/2023|OA No.020/00682/2023|OA 686/2023|OA 687/2023|OA 12/2024|OA 1838/2024



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Mr. G. Pavana Murthy, Mr. V. Vinod Kumar, Sr. PC for CG, Mr. M. Brahma Reddy, Sr. PC for CG, Mr. K. Ravi Krishna Kanth, Sr PC for CG, Mrs. M. Swarna, Sr. PC for CG
For the Respondents: Mr. P. Narayana, Sr. PC for CG

Eligibility for railway apprenticeship quota requires NCVT exam appearance before application cut-off date; post-cut-off passers ineligible despite training completion; misrepresentation justifies rejection; no mid-process relaxation.

Headnote:(A) Apprentices Act, 1961 - Section 22(1) - Railway Recruitment - Course Completed Act Apprentices (CCAAs) - Eligibility for Level-1 posts under CEN 01/2019 - Cut-off date for completion of apprenticeship training is closing date of online application (12.04.2019) - Completion requires appearance in NCVT examination before cut-off date, even if result pending - Candidates who appeared for NCVT after cut-off date ineligible despite training completion and NAC issuance showing earlier passing month - Misrepresentation in online application by marking apprenticeship as completed when NCVT not taken before cut-off justifies candidature cancellation - No relaxation permissible mid-process as rules of game cannot be altered post-commencement. (Paras 20, 22, 23, 25, 26)

(B) Service Law - Recruitment Process - Cut-off date rigidity - Candidates must possess eligibility on closing date; those awaiting final qualification results barred from applying - Provisional allowance to CBT does not confer vested right if ineligibility detected at document verification - Policy uniformity across zones; erroneous appointments elsewhere rectified by de-panelment/termination. (Paras 21, 26)

(C) Constitutional Law - Articles 14, 16 - No discrimination where uniform eligibility applied; similarly situated candidates across railways treated alike by enforcing notification terms - Unclean hands due to suppression disentitles equitable relief. (Para 5)

Facts of the case:
Multiple consolidated applications by CCAAs trained in railway establishments who applied under CEN 01/2019 for Level-1 posts. They completed practical training before 12.04.2019 cut-off but appeared for 109th NCVT examination in May/June 2019 due to administrative delays. Marked 'Yes' for completed apprenticeship in online forms, qualified CBT, exempted from PET, but held pending at document verification for NCVT date discrepancy. Rejected per Railway Board clarification dt. 01.11.2023 enforcing para 12.2 of notification.

Findings of Court:
Applicants ineligible as NCVT appearance post-cut-off violates notification clause 12.2; NAC showing April 2019 passing contradicted actual exam schedule (29.05.2019-14.06.2019); misrepresentation in applications warrants rejection; no interference as recruitment rules immutable post-process start.

Issues: Whether CCAAs passing NCVT after application cut-off but before NAC issuance qualify under CEN 01/2019; validity of candidature cancellation for post-cut-off exam despite training completion; permissibility of relaxation based on DGT clarification.

Ratio Decidendi: Eligibility reckoned strictly as on cut-off date per notification; 'course completed' mandates NCVT appearance pre-cut-off; suppression/misrepresentation forfeits claim; employer not bound by post-facto DGT letters to alter terms; aligns with principle that recruitment eligibility cannot be relaxed mid-process to avoid discrimination against compliant candidates.

Result: OAs dismissed.

Table of Content
1. details of multiple consolidated oas listed (Para 1 , 2)
2. applicants challenge rejection for railway level-1 posts (Para 3 , 4)
3. applicants claim eligibility despite delayed ncvt exam (Para 5 , 15)
4. respondents enforce strict 12.04.2019 ncvt cut-off (Para 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13)
5. tribunal hears arguments on eligibility criteria (Para 14 , 16 , 17 , 18)
6. notification mandates ncvt appearance by cut-off date (Para 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23)
7. applicants misrepresented facts in applications (Para 24 , 25 , 26 , 27)
8. precedents uphold strict eligibility enforcement (Para 28 , 29)
9. oas dismissed; no relaxation of cut-off allowed (Para 30 , 31)

COMMON ORDER

(per Hon'ble Dr. Lata Baswaraj Patne, Member(J))

Since the issue involved in all these OAs is similar, all the OAs were heard together and a common order is being passed. However, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the facts and the pleadings mentioned in OA No. 672/2023 are referred to hereunder:

2. The relief sought in OA No. 672 of 2023 is as follows:

“It is humbly prayed that the Hon’ble Tribunal may be pleased to:-

(1) Quash and set aside the Impugned Order dt. 01.11.2023 of Respondent No.1 as it is against the letter and spirit of Section 22 sub-section (1) of the Apprentices Act, 1961, but also running contrary to Board letter No. E(NG)II/2016/RR-1/8, dated 21.06.2016 at para 9 and

(2) Further direct the Respondent No.1 & 2 to consider the applicants cases for appointment as per their merit list on par with similar situated candidates who applied under CCAAs and appeared for 109th All India Trade Test under Apprenticeship Training Scheme and completed training on or before 12.4.2019 and Trade Theory exam passed after 12.4.2019 and applied for post notified under CEN 01/2019 in various Zonal/ Divisional Railway who have joined respective posts after successfully completing of selection stages irrespective of discrepancy arose vide para 12.2 of centralized notification 1/2019.

(3) On the strength of, clarification issued by the 5th respondent in his letter dated 07.09.2023 and pass such other Order or Orders as deem fit and proper in the interest of principles of natural justice.”

3. It is the case of the applicants that the applied pursuant to the Central Employment Notification No.01/2019, dt. 23.02.2019 for various posts in Level-1 of VII CPC to be filled by Railway Recruitment Cell (for short RRC), SC Railway. The mode of selection is based on a Computer Based Test (CBT), followed by Physical Efficiency Test (PET), followed by medical examination and document verification. Though the RRC, SC Railway allotted 1867 posts for Course Completed Act Apprentices (CCAAs), who underwent training in Railway establishments and possessing National Apprenticeship Certificate (NAC), there was no specific mention about weightage marks allotted to those candidates applied for the vacancies allotted to CCAAs candidates. While so, the respondents, vide corrigendum dt. 22.07.2022, notified that those candidates, who were trained in Railway Establishments, shall be given due weightage of marks obtained in their NCVT examination in preparation of final merit list after conduct of Computer Based Test (CBT). It is the case of the applicants that they have completed Act Apprentices in Railway Establishments and having possessed National Apprenticeship Certificate (NAC), have uploaded their marks obtained in NCVT examination in terms of the instructions laid down in the corrigendum dt. 22.07.2022. The respondents further issued one more opportunity to the candidates to upload their marks obtained in NCVT examination. The respondents also clarified that those candidates who applied for CCAA vacancies are exempted from appearing from PET examination. All the applicants appeared for the said computer based test, in which, they were declared successful and thereafter, they were called for document verification, followed by medical examination. All the applicants were d

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