SupremeToday Landscape Ad
Back
Next
Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation
Listen Audio Icon Pause Audio Icon
judgment-img

2026 Supreme(Online)(CAT) 5043

CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL
M. Swaminathan, Judicial Member, M.L. Srivastava, Administrative Member
R. Srinivasan – Appellant
Versus
Union of India – Respondent
OA



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Mr. Thirumalai Rajagopal
For the Respondents: Mr. J. Vasu

Similarly situated employees entitled to pay scale upgradation w.e.f. 01.01.1996 notionally with actual benefits from 21.04.2004 by parity; prior judgments in rem, delay not bar for recurring pay fixation.

Headnote:(A) Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985 - Section 21 - Central Civil Services (Revised Pay) Rules, 1997 - 5th Central Pay Commission - Upgraded pay scales for Inspectors and Superintendents - Applicant sought notional pay fixation of Rs.6500-10500 (Inspectors) and Rs.7500-12000 (Superintendents) w.e.f. 01.01.1996 with actual benefits, challenging rejection letter limiting benefits from 21.04.2004 - Tribunal held employees similarly situated to those in prior litigations entitled to parity under Article 14, judgments operate in rem not in personam - Delay not fatal as pay fixation recurring cause of action, no condonation needed - Directed notional fixation w.e.f. 01.01.1996, actual monetary benefits from 21.04.2004 with arrears and consequential benefits. (Paras 21, 32, 34, 40)

(B) Service Law - Pay parity and anomaly rectification - Similarly situated employees must receive uniform treatment; refusal to extend benefits granted to others violates equality - Special Anomaly Committee recommendations for notional effect from 01.01.1996 applicable across departments under common authority - Fence-sitters not barred where issue settled by binding precedents. (Paras 32, 34, 36)

(C) Limitation - Section 21 AT Act - Stale claims by fence-sitters ordinarily barred, but subsequent judicial clarifications and implementations provide fresh cause; recurring pay fixation overrides delay. (Paras 30-31)

Facts of the case:
Retired Superintendent sought revised pay scales w.e.f. 01.01.1996 per 5th CPC, denied by authorities limiting to 21.04.2004 per OM; relied on multiple Tribunal/High Court/Supreme Court orders granting parity to similar employees in other benches, implemented by department; respondents contested on limitation, in personam nature.

Findings of Court:
Pay refixation w.e.f. 01.01.1996 notionally for Inspectors/Superintendents grades, actual monetary benefits from 21.04.2004 including arrears, pension; exercise within two months.

Issues: Entitlement to notional pay fixation w.e.f. 01.01.1996 vs actual from 21.04.2004; applicability of prior judgments to non-parties; limitation bar under Section 21 AT Act.

Ratio Decidendi: Similarly situated employees entitled to parity in pay upgradation; prior judgments in rem bind department; pay anomaly rectification requires uniform retrospective notional application; delay immaterial for recurring pay rights post-settled precedents.

Result: OA allowed.

Table of Content
1. applicant's claim for revised pay scales from 01.01.1996. (Para 1 , 2)
2. precedents support pay upgrade from 01.01.1996 for parity. (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12)
3. oa barred by limitation; fence-sitters denied parity. (Para 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19)
4. historical litigation led to anomaly committee recommendations. (Para 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28)
5. judgments in rem require equal treatment for similarly situated. (Para 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37)
6. notional pay from 1996, actual benefits from 2004. (Para 38 , 39 , 40 , 41)

(Pronounced by Hon'ble Mr. M. L. Srivastava, Member(A))

In the instant OA, the applicant seek the following relief:

“(i) To call for the records of the Respondents and to set aside the Letter No. GCCO/II/39/54/2022-CCA Estt dated 29.08.2023 passed by 1st respondent and declare that the Applicant herein is entitled to the benefits of revised/ replaced pay scale/ upgraded pay scale of Rs. 6500-10500 for the period he was working as Inspector of Central Excise and of Rs.7500-12000 in respect of his service as Superintendents of Central Excise/Customs with effect from 1.1.1996 on actual basis, the date when the 5th CPC became operational, based on the judgments / decisions of the Supreme Court and various High Courts and Tribunals as detailed above and as has been granted to the employees of other departments of various Ministries under the Union of India;

(ii) To appropriately modify the action/order of the Respondents vide letter F.No.6/37/98-IC dated 21.4.2004 to the extent it limits the actual benefits of the revised pay scale/upgraded pay scale by granting the same w.e.f. 21.4.2004 and not granting the benefits with effect from 1.1.1996 which is arbitrary, illegal and discriminatory. (iii) To call for the records of the Respondents and to set aside the letter File No. GCCO/II/39/54/2022-CCA ESTT dated 29.8.2023 as the same are without any justifiable reason and non-speaking.

(iv) To direct the Respondents to grant benefits of revised pay and allowances to the Applicant from 1.1.1996 on actual basis;

(v) To grant and pay consequential arrears of pay and allowance for the period from 1.1.1996 to 20.4.2004, to issue revised Pension Payment Orders accordingly and also the post-retirement benefits to, along with appropriate and applicable interest per annum;

(vi) To direct the Respondents to pay the cost of the litigation to the Applicant as he has been deliberately dragged to the Tribunal by the Respondents; and (vii) To issue appropriate directions or orders which the Tribunal deems fit, just and proper in the circumstance of the case to meet the ends of justice.”

2. The brief facts of the case as submitted by the applicant are as follows:

The applicant has preferred this Original Application with many reliefs, mainly for the entitlement of benefits of revised / replaced pay scale / upgraded pay scale of Rs. 6500-10500 for the period he was working as Inspector of Central Excise and of Rs.7500-12000 in respect of his service as Superintendents of Central Excise/Customs with effect from 1.1.1996 on actual basis, the date when the 5th CPC became operational joined the department retired from respondent department as Superintendent are Inspectors, Superintendents, Assistant Commissioners and Deputy Commissioner (serving and retired officers) from various Central Excise, GST and Customs Commissionerate's in Tamil Nadu and Puducherry. The Applicant is claiming that the denial of financial benefits, specifically arrears of pay and allowances, is arbitrary, illegal, and discriminatory. The Government Resolution enforces the scales of pay recommended by the 5th Central Pay Commission (CPC) from 01.01.1996. However, the Applicant asserts that he has been denied these benefits. This Tribunal had previously allowed three Original Applications, OA No.1407/2015, OA No.1607/2015 & OA No.1608/2015, granting the revised pay scale arrears from 01.01.1996. This

Click Here to Read the rest of this document
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
SupremeToday Portrait Ad
supreme today icon
logo-black

An indispensable Tool for Legal Professionals, Endorsed by Various High Court and Judicial Officers

Please visit our Training & Support
Center or Contact Us for assistance

qr

Scan Me!

India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!

For Daily Legal Updates, Join us on :

whatsapp-icon Back to top