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2026 Supreme(Online)(CAT) 5327

CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL
Suchitto Kumar Das, Administrative Member, Diwakar Singh, Judicial Member
Ajay Kumar – Appellant
Versus
Union of India – Respondent
OA 350/1452/2021|MA 350/346/2025



Advocates:
For the Applicant: Mr. C. Sinha
For the Respondents: Mr. R. Halder

Cognizance of bias allegation against inquiry officer mandates halting disciplinary inquiry until competent authority disposes it; certified copies suffice where originals unavailable in court; retired officers competent as inquiry officers.

Headnote:(A) Railway Servants (Discipline & Appeal) Rules, 1968 - Rule 9(2) - Master Circular No. 67 - Para 5, 13, 19.32, 19.37 - Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985 - Section 19 - Disciplinary proceedings - Charged officer alleged bias against inquiry officer vide representation dated 30.07.2021 - Representation taken cognizance of and referred to competent authority - Inquiry proceedings conducted thereafter till disposal of bias petition on 21.12.2021 set aside - Proceedings to continue from stage after inquiry on 14.07.2021 - Certified copies of documents supplied by investigating agency acceptable substitute where originals filed in criminal court and not practically obtainable - Retired officers competent to act as inquiry officers - Disposal of bias petition need not address each allegation in detail if application of mind shown - Charge memorandum and appointment of inquiry/presenting officers not to be interfered with absent legal infirmity or incompetence. (Paras 7, 9, 10, 11, 13)

(B) Judicial review in disciplinary matters - Limited to compliance with natural justice, inquiry based on some evidence, observance of statutory rules, absence of perversity - Not re-appreciation of evidence or substitution of views. (Paras 6)

Facts of the case:
Applicant, a railway employee, challenged charge memorandum, appointment of inquiry and presenting officers, denial of original documents inspection, rejection of additional documents and defence witnesses, ex parte proceedings, and bias against inquiry officer during disciplinary inquiry for alleged misconduct. Original documents held by criminal court; certified copies provided but rejected by applicant. Bias petition dated 30.07.2021 referred to authority but inquiry continued till its rejection on 21.12.2021.

Findings of Court:
Inquiry proceedings after 30.07.2021 set aside; respondents directed to proceed from stage post 14.07.2021 inquiry. No interference with charge memorandum or appointments. Certified copies sufficient. Retired officer competent. Bias petition order shows application of mind.

Issues: Whether insistence on original documents vitiates proceedings; competency of retired inquiry officer; continuation of inquiry pending bias petition; reasoned nature of bias rejection order; validity of charge memorandum and appointments.

Ratio Decidendi: Upon cognizance of bias representation against inquiry officer, inquiry must halt till reasoned disposal by competent authority; certified copies from investigating agency valid where originals unavailable; judicial review confined to procedural compliance, not evidence re-appreciation; succinct bias rejection valid if mind applied.

Result: O.A. disposed of with directions to resume inquiry from 14.07.2021 stage; M.A. dismissed as infructuous.

Table of Content
1. applicant challenges disciplinary proceedings on procedural grounds. (Para 1 , 2)
2. violations of natural justice and bias allegations raised. (Para 3)
3. respondents defend ample opportunities and certified documents provided. (Para 4)
4. judicial review limited to natural justice and procedural compliance. (Para 5 , 6 , 7)
5. certified copies suffice when originals unavailable. (Para 8 , 9)
6. retired officers competent as inquiry officers. (Para 10)
7. inquiry must halt pending bias petition; rejection order reasoned. (Para 11 , 12)
8. post-bias petition inquiry set aside; proceedings resume from 14.07.2021. (Para 13 , 14 , 15)

O R D E R

Per Hon’ble Mr. Suchitto Kumar Das, Administrative Member :

1. The applicant has approached this Tribunal under Section 19 of the Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985 praying for the following relief(s):

“a) To set aside and quash impugned Charge Memorandum No. SER/P- HQ/GAZ-CON/410/AK/20/MJR/1205 dated 17.07.2020 issued by the General Manager and Disciplinary Authority, South Eastern Railway, served under a covering letter dated 20.07.2020.

b) To set aside and quash impugned letter No. SER/P-HQ/GAZ- CON/410/AK/20/MJR/1205 dated 11.08.2020 issued by the General Manager, S. E. Railway.

c) To set aside and quash impugned Orders No. SER/P-HQ/GAZ- CON/410/AK/20/MJR/1205 dated 20.10.2020 issued by the General Manager, S. E. Railway.

d) To set aside and quash impugned letter No. SER/P-HQ/GAZ- CON/410/AK/20/MJR/1205 dated 30.07.2021 issued by the General Manager and Disciplinary Authority, South Eastern Railway.

e) To set aside and quash the impugned inquiry proceedings conducted by the Inquiry Officer in connection with Charge Memorandum dated 17.07.2020.

f) To direct the respondents to allow the applicant inspection and/or supply original copy of the RUDs, additional documents and the defense witnesses as asked for by the applicant.

g) Any other order or orders as the Hon'ble Tribunal deems fit and proper.

h) To set aside & quash order No. E(O)I-2021/PU-2/SER/77 dated 21.12.2021 issued by Dy. Secretary II/DAR Railway Board.”

2. Facts as narrated by the applicant in his O.A are as follows:

While the applicant was working as Deputy Chief Material Manager (IC) in the South Eastern Railway, a Charge Memorandum dated 17.07.2020 was issued to him on alleged grounds of misconduct during his tenure as Sr. DMM in the SEC Railway, Nagpur. Applicant submitted a detailed statement of defence dated 18.09.2020 against the charge memorandum. Inquiry Officer and the Presenting Officer were appointed vide Order dated 20.10.2020. The inquiry proceedings started with preliminary hearing on 16.12.2020. Applicant did not attend the preliminary hearing on 16.12.2020 as he was sick. The next date of inquiry was scheduled on 12.03.2021 when the applicant attended the inquiry and asked for inspection of the original documents of the RUDs. Vide letter dated 13.07.2021, applicant asked for certain additional documents and also gave the names of 03 (three) defence witnesses in order to defend his case properly. Request of the applicant for providing additional documents was turned down by the inquiry officer vide his letter dated 14.07.2021. Applicant’s request for approval of defence witnesses was also turned down vide letter dated 14.07.2021. Vide letter dated 14.07.2021, the next date of inquiry was fixed on 06.08.2021. Applicant raised the charge of bias against the enquiry officer vide his letter dated 28.07.2021. The said letter was followed by a letter dated 30.07.2021 wherein applicant elaborated and magnified the reasons of biasness of the inquiry officer. The applicant received a letter from the respondents dated 30.07.2021 which reads as under:-

"Your representation dated 28.07.2021 in connection with the allegation of bias against the inquiry officer was put up to the disciplinary authority i.e. the General Manager. Considering that no formal allegation of bias specifying grounds has been submitted as yet by you,

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