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2026 Supreme(Online)(CESTAT) 2112

CUSTOMS EXCISE & SERVICE TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL
A.K. Jyotishi, Technical Member, Angad Prasad, Judicial Member
ITC – Appellant
Versus
Commissioner of Central Tax – Respondent
Excise Appeal No. 27150 of 2013



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Narendra Dave
For the Respondents: K. Sreenivasa Reddy

CENVAT credit on capital goods is admissible even if they are assembled into a larger stationary plant or are held under a lease arrangement, provided they are used within the factory for the manufacture of dutiable products, and restrictive amendments to the rules cannot be applied retrospectively.

Headnote:The case involves a dispute regarding the eligibility of CENVAT credit on equipment and machinery used to set up an Air Separation Plant within the factory premises for the manufacture of final products. The Revenue disallowed the credit, citing the plant's immovability upon installation, the appellant's lack of ownership over the equipment (leased from a third party), and the restrictive nature of Rule 2(k) of the CENVAT Credit Rules, 2004. The Tribunal determined that the constituent machinery items qualify as 'capital goods' under Rule 2(a) regardless of their assembly into an immovable structure. The core issues addressed were whether the assembly of capital goods into an immovable plant disqualifies them for CENVAT credit, whether ownership via lease arrangements precludes credit, and if the post-2009 amendment to the CENVAT Credit Rules has retrospective effect. The Tribunal held that ownership is not a condition for credit eligibility and that the operational immovability for functional stability does not negate the status of individual components as capital goods or inputs. Furthermore, it established that the amendment to Rule 2(k) in 2009 is prospective and cannot deny credit for the period antecedent to its introduction. The appeal is allowed, and the demand for duty, interest, and penalties is set aside.

Table of Content
1. overview of demand for cenvat credit reversal on machinery for air separation plant. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. appellant's submission on eligibility under cenvat credit rules and non-applicability of limitations. (Para 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17)
3. tribunal reasoning on ownership, rule 4(3) interpretation, and retrospective scope of 2009 amendment. (Para 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32)
4. final order granting appeal with consequential relief. (Para 33 , 34)

[ORDER PER: ANGAD PRASAD]

The present appeal is directed against the Order-in-Original No. 07/2013-CE-HYD-III-ADJN (COMMNR) dated 31.03.2013, whereby, Learned Commissioner disallowed CENVAT Credit amounting to Rs. 1,89,28,243/- availed by the appellant on Capital goods and inputs used for setting up an Air Separation Plant, and also confirmed interest under Rule 14 of the CENVAT Credit Rules, 2004 read with Section 11AA of the Central Excise Act, 1944 and imposed equal penalty under Rule 15 of the CENVAT Credit Rules read with Section 11AC of the Act.

2. The fact, in brief, is that the appellant is engaged in the manufacture of paper and paper boards falling under the first schedule to the Central Excise Tariff Act, 1985. For manufacture of its final products, the appellant required oxygen and other industrial gases. Accordingly, it entered into an agreement dated 27.09.2006 with Inox Air Products Ltd., under such arrangement, Inox supplied various machinery, components, parts and accessories under the cover of Central Excise invoices specifically naming the appellant as the consignee. These goods were received in the appellant’s factory at sarapaka and used for erection and commissioning of an Air Separation Plant with the factory premises. The appellant availed CENVAT Credit of duty paid on such goods during the period October 2007 to April 2009 and reflected the same in its statutory returns.

3. The Show Cause Notice dated 06.11.2012 was issued, alleging that:

a) these parts and components lost their identity in the Air Separation Plant;

b) these parts do not belong to M/s ITC;

c) the said goods were procured by M/s Inox and the same were used in erection of a plant, which is attached to earth and ceased to be goods on erection and thus, the said Air Separation Plant cannot be treated as goods for availment of CENVAT Credit, and

d) M/s Inox have not discharged the duty liability on the said Air Separation Plant.

4. The Adjudicating Authority confirmed the entire demand with interest and penalty, giving rise to the present appeal.

5. Learned Counsel for the appellant submitted that the Air Separation Plant falls within the ambit of Capital goods under Rule 2(a) of the CENVAT Credit Rules and thus have correctly availed credit. The appellant has procured various items falling under chapter 82, 84, 85, 90 etc. which are ‘capital goods’ on which excise duty has been paid and the same have been installed in the Air Separation Plant. Certain items which falls under chapter 35, 38, 40, 69, 83, 87 are parts, components and accessories of the capital goods i.e., Air Separation Plant. The appellant is eligible to availing CENVAT Credit on these duty paid items as ‘capital goods’ under Rule 2(a)(A)(i) read with Rule 2(a)(A)(iii) of the CENVAT Credit Rules. Since the duty paid capital goods and inputs used in setting up the Air Separation Plant are used by the Appellant for manufacture of the final product i.e., paper products, the appellant is eligible to avail CENVAT Credit on such capital goods and inputs. There is no requirement that the entire air separation plant should be excisable to avail CENVAT Credit. The inputs used in the manufacture of Capital goods which are used in the factory is sufficient reason to give CENVAT Credit. Reliance has been placed on the decision of KCP Ltd., Vs CCE [2009 (237) E.L.T. 500 (Tri-Bang)].

6. It is further submitted that the Air Separation Plant is used

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