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2010 Supreme(Online)(Chh) 97

CHHATTISGARH HIGH COURT
R. M. Shrivastava, J
Chitra Vijay Singh and Another v. State of Chhattisgarh
Sessions Trial No. 435/2005



Evidence discrepancies and unreliable witness testimonies can defeat the prosecution's case, leading to an acquittal.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 302, 325, 460 and 120-B - Conviction and sentences set aside due to unreliable witnesses and lack of corroborative evidence - Evidence from key testimonies failed to prove identification of assailants, including admission of consciousness but not naming the assailants immediately - Allegations against appellants deemed unsubstantiated. (Paras 13-16)

(B) Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Section 161 - Statements given post-incident do not align with initial facts of the FIR, raising reasonable doubt about prosecution claims. (Paras 4, 11, 12)

Facts of the case:
The appeals are concerning the conviction of four appellants for the murder of Jagatram, based on eyewitness testimony that was contradicted by medical reports and inconsistencies in witness statements.

Findings of Court:
The testimonies of key witnesses were not credible due to discrepancies and failure to identify the assailants initially.

Issues: Key issues included the reliability of eyewitnesses and the consequences of not naming the assailants promptly.

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that discrepancies in witness statements, especially regarding the identification of assailants, can undermine the prosecution’s case.

Result: Appeals allowed.

Table of Content
1. incident leading to murder. (Para 1 , 2)
2. identification of assailants questioned. (Para 3 , 4 , 5)
3. witness reliability and consciousness matters. (Para 6 , 7 , 9 , 10 , 12)
4. discrepancies lead to acquittal. (Para 13)
5. conclusions on appeals and acquittal. (Para 14 , 15 , 16)

1. Challenge in these appeals is to the judgment dated 10-2-2004 passed by the Fourth Additional Sessions Judge (ETC.). Janjgir (C.C.) in Sessions Trial No. 435/2005, whereby, the appellants have been convicted and sentenced in the following manner with a direction to run the sentences concurrently : -


2. The facts, briefly stated, are as under : -
Sangeeta Sharma (PW 7) is the wife of Yogesh Sharma (PW 9). Deceased Jagatram was the father of Yogesh Sharma. They were residing together in village Jogideepa. On 14-10-2002 at about 10.45 p.m. deceased Jagatram was sleeping in his room on the ground floor of their house and Yogesh Sharma (PW 9) and his wife Sangeeta Sharma (PW 7) were sleeping in another room on the first floor. Yogesh Sharma and Sangeeta Sharma heard the groans of deceased Jagatram. When they rushed to his room, they saw that two unknown persons with covered faces were strangulating and assaulting the deceased. They also started assaulting Yogesh Sharma. Yogesh Sharma said his wife to escape from that place. His wife rushed back to the first floor and closed the doors. She made hue and cry from the terrace, on which, her neighbour Durga (PW 11) and his brother came there. They advised her to jump from the terrace. She jumped from the terrace and went to the house of Durga. After sometime Yogesh Sharma also came to the house of Durga in injured condition and fell down. The villagers were called. They told that Jagatram has died. The assailants while assaulting Yogesh Sharma, had also snatched his golden chain. The matter was reported to the police by Sangeeta Sharma (PW 7) on which, a Merg intimation (Ext. P / 7) and a First Information Report (Ext. P / 8) were recorded. Based on these documents, regular Merg intimation and First Information Report (Ext. P / 39 and P / 40) were recorded in the concerned police station.
Injured Yogesh Sharma (PW 9) was sent to Primary Health Centre, Pamgarh for his medical examination under Ext. P / 15(A), where he was examined by Dr. R. D. Gupta (PW 15), who prepared his report Ext. P / 15. He noticed one incised wound, 4 lacerated wounds and abrasions etc. on the body of Yogesh Sharma and referred him for further treatment to Dharam Hospital, Bilaspur on 15-10-2002, where he was treated by Dr. Manoj Jaiswal (PW 25). The bed - head - ticket of the hospital is Ext. P / 9. The Investigating Officer reached to the scene of occurrence, gave notice (Ext. P / 1) to the Panchas and prepared inquest (Ext. P / 2) on the body of the deceased. Blood stained soil, plain soil and other articles were seized from the place of occurrence under Ext. P / 3. Site plan was prepared under Ext. P / 4. The dead body of the deceased was sent for postmortem to Primary Health Centre, Pamgarh under Ext. P / 13, where the post - mortem examination was conducted by Dr. R. D. Gupta (PW 15), who gave his report Ext. P / 14. The Autopsy Surgeon noticed many injuries on the body of the deceased and opined that the cause of death was asphyxia, due to excessive bleeding and neurogenic shock and it was homicidal in nature.
On 19-10-2002, 161 statement of Yogesh, Sharma (Ext. D / 3) was recorded by the police, in which, he disclosed that apart from the two assailants as mentioned in the FIR, two more assailants had entered into the house and they had also participated in commission of crime. He added that out of four assailants, two assailants with covered faces were looking like appellants Chitra Vijay Singh and Vishmbhar and the remaining two were appellants Rajesh Sharma and Dharmesh Sharma.
In further investigation, the appellants were taken into custody and their memorandum statements (Ext. P / 23, P / 26, P / 27 and P /






















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