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2026 Supreme(Online)(Chh) 11144

IN THE HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR
Parth Prateem Sahu, J
Rajni Bai Kanwar – Appellant
Versus
State Of Chhattisgarh – Respondent
WPS No. 3354 of 2026



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Manoj Chauhan
For the Respondents: Anuja Sharma

The State as a model employer is constitutionally obligated to regularize employees who have rendered continuous service on sanctioned posts for over a decade. Perpetuating precarious employment through 'ad-hocism' or exploiting 'temporary' labels for perennial work violates the mandate of equality and fairness under the Constitution.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Articles 14, 16 and 21 - Regularization of employment - Non-permanent employees engaged for decades on daily/contractual basis - State as a model employer has a constitutional obligation to act fairly and avoid exploitative practices like perpetual ad-hocism - Prolonged engagement on sanctioned posts, despite contractual nomenclature, entitles employees to consideration for regularization - Distinctions between 'illegal' and 'irregular' appointments must be acknowledged - Selective or robotic reliance on precedents to deny regularization is deprecated. (Paras 5, 7, 8, 9, 10)

Facts of the case:
Petitioner, engaged as a daily-wage worker for over 25 years, sought regularization in service. The petitioner contended that the long duration of service entitled her to be regularized in accordance with government circulars and settled judicial principles, having initially performed essential, recurring duties without being regularized despite fulfilling eligibility norms.

Findings of Court:
The Court held that the State must not use temporary labels to deny long-term employees their rights, especially when the work performed is perennial and the appointments are irregular rather than illegal. The Court emphasized that budget constraints or mechanical reliance on legal precedents cannot override constitutional mandates of fairness and equality. It directed the concerned authorities to consider the petitioner's representation in light of the constitutional standards and Supreme Court directives regarding regularization of long-serving daily-wage employees.

Issues: Whether a long-serving daily-wage employee, working for over two decades on sanctioned posts without regularization, is entitled to have his/her case considered for permanent status by the employer despite the contractual nature of the initial engagement.

Ratio Decidendi: The State, acting as a model employer, bears a constitutional duty under Articles 14, 16, and 21 to avoid exploitative employment practices. Where work is perennial and engagement has continued over decades, the State cannot ignore the employees' legitimate claims for regularization by relying on technical contractual labels or misapplying judicial precedents meant to prevent backdoor entries.

Result: Petition disposed of with directions to the authorities to consider the representation in accordance with law within six months.

Table of Content
1. petitioner seeks regularization based on long-term daily wage service. (Para 1 , 2)
2. state agrees to consider representation for regularization. (Para 3 , 4)
3. constitutional mandate requires state to regularize long-term daily wage staff. (Para 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10)
4. court directs authorities to decide representation within specified timeline. (Para 11 , 12)

ORDER ON BOARD

1. Petitioner has filed this writ petition seeking following reliefs:-

“10.1 That, this Hon’ble Court may kindly be pleased to issue an appropriate writ in the nature of mandamus and direct the respondents to consider the case of the petitioner for regularization in terms of the series of judicial verdicts are referred above right from Umadevi’s case (supra) read with Narendra Kumar Tiwari’s case (supra) upto recent verdicts as a onetime measure within a time frame and given all the consequential benefits.

10.2 That, this Hon’ble Court may kindly be pleased to grant any other relief as it may deem fit and appropriate.”

2. Learned counsel for the petitioner submit that petitioner was appointed on the post of Gagman/ Labor in the year 1998 and since then she is working on the said post on daily wages. Petitioner has rendered more than 25 years of continuous service under respondent-department, however, her service has not been regularized. He submits that in view of the Circular of the State Government as also the decision of the Hon’ble Supreme Court in case of Secretary, State of Karnataka and Others v. Umadevi and Others reported in (2006) 4 SCC 1 petitioner is entitled for regularization of her service. He contended that the petitioner has submitted representation dated 10.12.2025 (Annexure P-2) before Respondent No. 3 with a prayer for regularizing her service and therefore, direction be issued to the concerned authority to consider and take decision on the representation submitted by petitioner, expeditiously within specified time frame.

3. On the other hand, learned counsel for the Respondents/State would submit that as petitioner is not pressing this writ petition on merits and is only seeking direction to the concerned authority to consider and take decision on the representations submitted by the petitioner, she is having no objection to the limited prayer.

4. I have heard learned counsel for the parties and perused the documents placed on record.

5. The grievance of petitioner as projected in this writ petition is that she is continuously in employment since last about more than 25 years with the Respondents/State. Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of Umadevi (supra) considering that the daily-wage employee/temporary employee will not be discriminated to the extent of wages/salary as paid to the regular employees has considered the regularization of employees who have been employed by the employer, their service is not illegal but irregular and is continuous employment since about more than 10 years and observed thus:-

“53. One aspect needs to be clarified. There may be cases where irregular appointments (not illegal appointments) as explained in S.V. NARAYANAPPA (supra), R.N. NANJUNDAPPA (supra), and B.N. NAGARAJAN (supra), and referred to in paragraph 15 above, of duly qualified persons in duly sanctioned vacant posts might have been made and the employees have continued to work for ten years or more but without the intervention of orders of courts or of tribunals. The question of regularization of the services of such employees may have to be considered on merits in the light of the principles settled by this Court in the cases above referred to and in the light of this judgment. In that context, the Union of India, the State Governments and their instrumentalities should take steps to regularize as a one time measure, the services of such irregularly appointed, who have worked for ten years or more in duly sanctioned posts but not under cover of orders of courts or of tribunals and should further ensure that regular recrui

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