SupremeToday Landscape Ad
Back
Next
Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation
Listen Audio Icon Pause Audio Icon
judgment-img

2026 Supreme(Online)(Chh) 11504

IN THE HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR
Narendra Kumar Vyas, J
Mool Chand – Appellant
Versus
State Of Chhattisgarh – Respondent
CRA No. 324 of 2005



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Adil Minhaj
For the Respondents: Shailesh Puriya

A conviction for sexual offences based on the sole testimony of the prosecutrix requires the evidence to be of 'sterling quality', highly consistent, and unblemished; if the testimony is riddled with material contradictions or insufficient to inspire confidence, the accused is entitled to the benefit of doubt.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Section 376 and 506-B - Sexual assault - Rape allegations - Quantum of evidence - Conviction based on sole testimony of victim requires that said testimony be of sterling quality, trustworthy, and unblemished - Material contradictions in victim's testimony and lack of supporting medical or scientific evidence raise reasonable doubt - Prosecution failed to prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt.

Facts of the case:
The appellant was convicted for rape and criminal intimidation. The victim, aged 20, alleged that the appellant dragged her to an open field and forcibly committed rape. The FIR was lodged after eight days following a village meeting. The trial court convicted the appellant based on the victim's testimony. The appellant appealed, citing major contradictions and the failure of medical/FSL reports to substantiate the occurrence of forced sexual intercourse or injury.

Findings of Court:
The High Court observed that the victim’s version lacked consistency and credibility. Material witnesses admitted the victim was later caught in a room with the appellant and that the FIR was lodged only after the appellant refused to maintain a domestic relationship. The absence of injuries, the lack of corroboration, and the contradictory nature of the victim's account regarding resistance rendered the testimony unreliable.

Issues: Whether the sole testimony of the victim is sufficient to sustain a conviction for rape and whether the prosecution proved its case beyond reasonable doubt.

Ratio Decidendi: The legal principle is that while a victim's testimony can be sufficient, it must be 'sterling' and inherently consistent. When there are significant lacunae, inconsistent versions, or when evidence suggests the complainant's motive for lodging the complaint is tied to a domestic dispute rather than the incident itself, the accused must be given the benefit of doubt.

Result: Appeal allowed; conviction and sentence set aside.

Table of Content
1. overview of charges, lower court proceedings, and procedural history. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. summary of rival contentions regarding witness credibility and evidentiary value. (Para 5 , 6 , 7)
3. legal standards for evaluating sole witness testimony in rape cases. (Para 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12)
4. critical analysis of testimony and failure to meet proof standards. (Para 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25)
5. final acquittal based on failure to prove prosecution's case. (Para 26 , 27)

CAV Judgment

1. The appellant by way of this appeal has challenged the judgment dated 31.03.2005 passed by the District and Sessions Judge, Rajnandgaon (CG) in Sessions Trial No. 125/2004 whereby and whereunder, appellant has been convicted and sentenced as under :-

Conviction U/s. Sentence RI. Fine In default of payment of fine
376 (1) IPC 7 Years - -
506-B IPC 6 Months - -

2. Briefly stated, the case of the prosecution is that the victim who was aged about 20 years submitted a report before the Police Station, Dongargaon on 16.11.2003 bearing Crime No. 232/2003 contending that on 08.11.2003, her parents had gone to Gram Pathari, her elder brother Hiraram had gone to attend a Ramayan competition and at home, a part from her, only her grandmother was present. She was in the courtyard of her house, cleaning the utensils. At about 10:00 PM, the accused Mool Chand came there and caught hold of her hand and started pulling her. When she screamed and tried to resist, Mool Chand threatened to kill her. He dragged her towards the backyard and took her to the field of Shankar Marar, where he threw her down and forcibly committed rape on her. Later, her elder brother Hiraram returned home after attending the Ramayan competition. She narrated the incident to him. When her parents returned from the village, she also informed them about the incident. On Sunday night, a village meeting (Panchayat) was convened where she informed the villagers about the incident. During the meeting, the villagers questioned Mool Chand about the incident, but he denied the allegations. On the advice of the villagers to lodge a report, she filed a report at Police Station. Based on the report FIR Ex.P/6 was registered. After completion of usual investigation, a charge-sheet was filed under Sections 376, 506-B of the IPC against the accused person before the learned Chief Judicial Magistrate. Rajnandgaon. Learned Chief Judicial Magistrate vide its order dated 17.07.2004 committed trial to the learned Sessions Judge which was registered as Sessions Trial No. 125/2004. The accused denied the charges leveled against him and faced trial.

3. To bring home the charges against appellant, the prosecution examined as many as 12 witnesses namely PW/1 Motin Bai, PW/2 Hiraram, PW/3 Rekha Thakur, PW/4 Jhaduram, PW/5 Nilkanth Janbandhu, PW/6 Puran Das, PW/7 Dwarka Prasad, PW/8 Jaipal Singh, PW/9 Dr. Sushma Kumre, PW/10 Dr. Praveen Goswami, PW/11 the victim, PW/12 C.S. Uike, Assistant Sub Inspector and exhibited documents Ex.P/1 & 2 Seizure Memo, Ex.P/3 Najri Naksa, Ex.P/4 Medical Examination Report of the victim, Ex.P/5 Medical Examination Report of the accused, Ex.P/6 FIR, Ex.P/7 consent of mother for medical examination, Ex.P/8 Crime Detail form, Ex.P/9 memo of IO to the Govt. Hospital, Ex.P/10 application of IO to the SDM for medical examination of the victim, Ex.P/11 forwarding memo to FSL, Raipur. Ex.P/12 FSL Report, Ex.P/13 Arrest Memo. The accused was examined under Section 313 of the Cr.P.C. and exhibited documents Ex.D/1 Police Statement of Hiraram, Ex.D./2 Police Statement of Dwarka Prasad and Ex.D./3 Police Statement of the victim.

4. Upon appreciation of the evidence and material on record, the learned trial Court convicted the appellant and sentenced him as aforesaid. Aggrieved thereby, the appellant has preferred the present appeal under Section 374 of the Cr.P.C. The appellant remained in jail from 08.12.2003 to 09.12

Click Here to Read the rest of this document
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
SupremeToday Portrait Ad
supreme today icon
logo-black

An indispensable Tool for Legal Professionals, Endorsed by Various High Court and Judicial Officers

Please visit our Training & Support
Center or Contact Us for assistance

qr

Scan Me!

India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!

For Daily Legal Updates, Join us on :

whatsapp-icon Back to top