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2026 Supreme(Online)(Chh) 12030

IN THE HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR
Rakesh Mohan Pandey, J
Dinesh Mishra – Appellant
Versus
State Of Chhattisgarh – Respondent
WPS No. 668 of 2022



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Shikhar Agnihotri, Awadh Tripathi
For the Respondents: Rishabh Chandra Singh Deo

The seniority of absorbed employees is governed by the specific terms of the absorption policy; employees who accept these terms without protest are estopped from claiming seniority from their original contractual appointment, and seniority cannot override eligibility conditions prescribed by statutory service rules.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Art. 309 - Chhattisgarh School Education Services (Educational and Administrative Cadre) Recruitment and Promotion Rules, 2019 - Absorption of Shiksha Karmis - Seniority counting - Petitioners sought seniority from the initial date of appointment as Shiksha Karmi - State absorbed Shiksha Karmis as Teachers (LB) with a clear policy that service for calculating benefits would count from absorption date i.e., 01.07.2018 - Challenge to absorption terms not raised in time - Previous court decisions held that seniority cannot override eligibility conditions prescribed by statutory rules and that absorption terms are binding if accepted without protest. (Paras 3, 6, 7, 8, 9)

Facts of the case:
The petitioners, designated as Assistant Teachers (LB), were formerly Shiksha Karmisabsorbed into the School Education Department via a state policy dated 30.06.2018. They challenged the seniority list, claiming seniority from their initial dates of contractual appointment as Shiksha Karmis rather than their absorption date, and contested transfer-related seniority rules.

Findings of Court:
The court found that the petitioners accepted the absorption conditions, which explicitly stated that benefits would accrue from 01.07.2018. Following established legal precedents, the court held that seniority is subject to the conditions of absorption and eligibility rules framed under Article 309.

Issues: Whether absorbed Shiksha Karmis are entitled to claim seniority from their initial date of contractual appointment, overriding the terms of the government's absorption policy.

Ratio Decidendi: Public servants are bound by the terms of their absorption. Seniority cannot override statutory eligibility conditions, and individuals who accept absorption conditions without demur are estopped from subsequently challenging them.

Result: Petition dismissed regarding seniority; liberty granted only for limited representation regarding inter-se seniority post-transfer.

Table of Content
1. policy decisions on absorption govern service conditions and seniority. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. acceptance of absorption terms creates estoppel against challenging seniority. (Para 6 , 7 , 8 , 9)
3. court reiterates policy mandate while allowing limited representation for transfers. (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 13)

Order on Board

1. The petitioners have filed this petition seeking following relief (s) :

“10.1 That, the Hon'ble Court may kindly be pleased to direct the respondent to quash the impugned order dated 14.01.2022 & 22.01.2022 (Annexure P/1 & P/2) passed by respondent no.03 which relates to the providing seniority from the date of transfer from the date of joining of the transfer place one district to another district Inter-District.

10.2 That, the Respondent may also be directed to consider the name of the Petitioners as well as his seniority from the date of his appointment and accordingly consider his name for next promotion post.

10.3 Any other relief which this Hon'ble Court may deem fit and proper may also be passed in favor of the petitioners. An Affidavit in support is filed here with.”

2. In the present petition, the petitioners have prayed for issuance of direction to the respondents to consider seniority of the petitioners from the date of initial date of appointment/joining on the post of Shiksha Karmi Grade- III, II & I and also prayed for issuance of direction to prepare gradation list from initial date of appointment as Shiksha Karmi Grade-III. The petitioners have further prayed for promotion after adding the seniority from initial date of appointment.

3. The State has filed their return in which they have stated that the Government of Chhattisgarh has taken a policy decision on 30.06.2018 absorbing all the Shiksha Karmi Grade-III, II & I. The relevant clause of the absorption order is extracted below:-

Lakfofy;u dh lsok ’krsZ fuEukuqlkj gSa &

1- lafofy;u fd; s x;s f’k{kd ¼ia-@ua-fu-½ laoxZ Ldwy f’k{kk foHkkx esa f’k{kd ¼,y-ch-½ laoxZ ds uke ls tkus tk;saxsA

2- Ldwy f’k{kk foHkkx varxZr iwoZ l s lapkfyr ’kkykvks a esa tgk¡ bZ&laoxZ ds f’k{kd inLFk gSa] mu ’kkykvks a es inLFk f’k{kd ¼ia- @ua-fu-½ laoxZ] uohu uke f’k{kd bZ ¼,y-ch-½ laoxZ ds rFkk tgk¡ Vh&laoxZ ds f’k{kd inLFk gSa] mu ’kkykvks a e s inLFk f’k{kd ¼ia- @ua-fu-½ laoxZ] uohu uke f’k{kd Vh ¼,y-ch-½ laoxZ ds varxZr gksaxs ,oa budk dSMj i`Fkd&i`Fkd gksxkA

3- f’k{kd ¼,y-ch-½ laoxZ dks fnukad 01 tqykbZ 2018 l s 7 osa osru vk;ksx dh jkT; ’kklu }kjk le;≤ ij Lohd`r vuq’kalkvksa ds vuq#i osru ,oa vU; lqfo/kk,a ns; gksxhA

4- f’k{kd ¼,y-ch-½ laoxZ dks ns; leLr ykHk ds fy;s lsok dh x.kuk lafofy;u fnukad 01 tqykbZ 2018 ls dh tk;sxhA

5- fnukad 01 tqykbZ 2018 ds iwoZ dh vof/k d s fy;s fdlh Hkh izdkj ds ,fj;lZ dh ik=rk ugha gksxhA

6- f’k{kd ¼,y-ch-½ laoxZ dks uohu va’knk;h is’ku ;kstuk dh ik=rk gksxhA

7- f’k{kd ¼,y-ch-½ laoxZ dh HkrhZ] inksUufr ,oa lsok fu;e Ldwy f’k{kk foHkkx }kjk i`Fkd ls cuk, tkdj vf/klwfpr fd;s tk;saxsA

8- fdlh Hkh vU; foHkkx ds lsok ,o a HkrhZ fu;eks a esa ;fn bl vkns’k ds varxZr fufeZr fu;eks a ls vlaxr dksbZ fu;e vFkok izko/kku gks] rks o s fu;e ;k izko/kku bl vkns’k ds izko/kkuks a dh lhek rd la’kksf/kr eku s tk,xsaA lacaf/kr foHkkx bl vkns’k ds izko/kkuksa ls laxr vuqdwyu vkns’k vius lsok HkrhZ esa ;FkkfLFkfr vfoyac ’kkfey djk,xkA

9- f’k{kd ¼ia-@u-fu-½ laoxZ ds tkjh fu;qfDr vkns’k ds fo#) ;fn fdlh U;k;ky; es a izdj.k fopkjk/khu gS] rks mudk lafofy;u U;k;ky;hu fu.kZ; ds v/;k/khu jgsxkA

;g vkns’k rRdky izHkko’khy gksxkA

4. The State to implement the policy decision of absorption has further issued order on 06.07.2018 and also issued circular on 04.02.2022 fixing the seniority of Shiksha Karmis, who have been transferred from one Block to another Block or one District to another District. Clause 7 of the circular provides that the seniority of the transferred Shiksha Karmis should be counted from their date of joining on place of transfer. As such, the petitioners are not entitled to get seniority from their first date of

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