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2025 Supreme(Online)(Del) 3428
IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
NAVIN CHAWLA, Renu Bhatnagar, JJ
NAFE SINGH & ORS. – Appellant
Versus
ROSHNI DEVI – Respondent
RFA(OS) 38/2025 | CS (OS) No.79/2023
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Ms. Suman Chaudhary
For the Respondents: Mr. N.S. Dalal, Ms. Nidhi Dalal, Mr. Alok Kumar, Ms. Rachana Dalal, Mr. Karan Mann
Post-2005 amendment, inheritance rights for agricultural land are governed by the Hindu Succession Act, superseding prior laws.
Headnote:(A) Delhi Land Reforms Act, 1954 - Section 50 - Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005 - Entitlement to agricultural land succession - Respondent is entitled to 1/6th share in the suit property as wife of deceased - Mutation entry does not confer title but is indicative of inheritance rights - Appellants' argument on mutation entry lacking merit. (Paras 4, 8, 14, 15)
(B) Mutation - Effect of Mutation - Mutation entries affect property records but do not determine legal title and rights of inheritance are governed by the HSA post the 2005 amendment. (Paras 8, 14)
Facts of the case:
The appeal challenges a preliminary decree of partition, where a local commissioner was appointed to evaluate premises for partition by metes and bounds. Dispute arose regarding the entitlement based on mutation entries against the backdrop of legal inheritance rights.
Findings of Court:
Court affirmed respondent's right to share in land based on legal provisions overriding previous laws governing agricultural land inheritance.
Issues: The court addressed whether the mutation entries validate ownership and how inheritance is determined post-2005 amendment of the HSA.
Ratio Decidendi: The court clearly stated that while mutation reflects property records, the HSA governs rights of inheritance over provisions of the DLR Act after the amendment of 2005. Appellants' failure to respond legally affected their claim.
Result: Appeal dismissed.
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. initial procedural ruling in partition case. (Para 1 , 2) |
| 2. dispute over mutation records and their implications on inheritance. (Para 3 , 4) |
| 3. arguments concerning application of inheritance laws to the case. (Para 5 , 6) |
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE NAVIN CHAWLA HON’BLE MS. JUSTICE RENU BHATNAGAR NAVIN CHAWLA, J. (Oral)
1. This appeal has been filed by the appellants, challenging the Impugned Judgment dated 28.05.2025 passed by the learned Single Judge of this Court in CS (OS) No.79/2023, titled Smt. Roshani Devi v. Nafe Singh & Ors., whereby a preliminary decree of partition was passed, holding that the respondent is entitled to a 1/6th share in the suit property, which is as under;
“…."8. The total land which belongs to the Plaintiff and the Defendants is measuring 56 Bigha 12 Biswa situated in revenue estate of village Dindarpur South West Delhi and is comprised of following Khasra Numbers: -
277(00-02), 278(04-14), 280(04-14), 281(04- 16), 334(00-17), 375/1 (03-00), 376(04-16), 388(00-04), 389/1(03-00), 390(04-16), 391 (04-16), 392/1(03-00), 904/2(05-02), Signature Not Verified RFA(OS)38/2025 Page 1 of 5 Signed By:PALLAVI
905/212(02-17), 383 min. (02-16), 386 min. (04-06), 387 min. (02-16) Total Holding: 56 Bigha 12 Biswas" ….”
2. The learned Single Judge has also appointed a Local Commissioner to visit the suit property and suggest whether partition by metes and bounds is possible or to suggest other options for actual partition.
3. The learned counsel for the appellants submits that the revenue record filed by the respondent along with her suit itself shows that the mutation of the property had been carried out in the year 2005 in the name of the appellant no.3. She submits that without challenging this mutation entry, the respondent could not have sought a decree of partition.
4. She further submits that in terms of Section 50 of the Delhi Land Reforms Act , 1954 (hereinafter referred to as the, ‘DLR Act’), only male descendants are entitled to inherit agricultural land by way of succession. Therefore, for the share of late Sh. Raj Kumar, the mutation was rightly carried out solely in the name of the appellant no.3, his son.
5. She submits that a belated challenge to the mutation is not maintainable, and in support of this submission, she places reliance on the Judgment of this Court in Jai Pal v. Randhir Singh , 2012 SCC OnLine Del 1082, and of the Jammu & Kashmir High Court in Ghulam Ahmed Shaikh v. State of J&K & Ors., in OWP No.1078/2017.
6. On the other hand, the learned counsel for the respondent, who Signature Not Verified RFA(OS)38/2025 Page 2 of 5 Signed By:PALLAVI appears on advance notice of this appeal, submits that the appellants had not filed their written statement in the suit. The suit was, therefore, rightly decreed based on the evidence led by the respondent. 7. He further submits that, as far as the reliance on Section 50 of the DLR Act is concerned, a Division Bench of this Court in Nirmala & Ors. v. Government of NCT of Delhi & Ors., 2010 SCC OnLine Del 2232, has held that due to Section 6 of the Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005 (hereinafter referred to as the, ‘HSA’), Section 50 of the DLR Act is no longer applicable to Hindus, and will be governed by the HSA. Therefore, as the wife of the deceased Sh. Raj Kumar, who had died intestate, the respondent is entitled to a share in the agricultural land left behind by him.
8. He further submits that there was no requirement to challenge the mutation entries, inasmuch as mutation does not confer any title upon the person in whose favour it is effected. He submits that the mutation itself reflects that the appellant no.3 had inherited the land as a legal heir of the late Sh. Raj Kumar. He would therefore, hold the suit land for the benefit of the other legal heirs of Late Sh. Raj Kumar as well. In support of this submission, he places reliance on the Judgment of the Supreme Court in Jitendra Singh v. State of M.P. , 2021 SCC OnLine SC 802 .
9. We
