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2025 Supreme(Online)(Del) 7558

IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
MANMEET PRITAM SINGH ARORA, J
CRITICALOG INDIA PRIVATE LTD – Appellant
Versus
DELTA FREIGHT SYSTEM & ANR. – Respondent


Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Mr. Tishampati Sen, Ms. Riddhi Sancheti, Mr. Anurag Anand and Mr. Mukul
For the Respondents: None

Judgement Key Points

Based on the provided legal document, the key points are as follows:

  1. Maintainability of the Suit: The Court held that summary suits based on invoices are maintainable when liability is acknowledged by the defendant, and defenses presented are genuine and substantial (!) (!) (!) .

  2. Facts of the Case: The Plaintiff provided logistics services to the Defendants, raising invoices totaling approximately ₹3.33 crores. The Defendants paid a partial amount but defaulted on the remaining dues, which led to the filing of the suit for recovery (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) .

  3. Acknowledgment of Liability: The Defendants acknowledged their liability through various communications, including emails and legal notices, explicitly admitting the debt and promising to make payments. This acknowledgment was deemed sufficient to establish liability (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) .

  4. Defense and Unsubstantiated Adjustments: The Defendants claimed various unilateral adjustments for GST, rate differences, prospective losses, and payments to third parties. However, these claims were unsupported by contemporaneous documents, contracts, or authority, and were contradicted by the Defendants’ own ledger and correspondence (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) .

  5. Legal Position on Invoice-based Suits: The Court reaffirmed that suits based on invoices are valid under Order XXXVII CPC, provided the invoices clearly state the details of services, price, and purchaser, and are acted upon and accepted by the defendant (!) (!) .

  6. Failure to Dispute Liability: The Defendants did not dispute the receipt or acceptance of the invoices or the liability, and their objections regarding the validity of invoices or alleged adjustments were found to be afterthoughts and unsupported by evidence (!) (!) .

  7. Admitted Liability and Non-compliance: The Court noted the Defendants' admission of liability to the extent of ₹50,23,902, which they failed to pay despite Court orders and directions. The Defendants’ failure to appear or comply led to proceedings being conducted ex parte (!) (!) (!) (!) .

  8. Legal Consequences: Given the absence of substantial or bona fide defenses, the Court dismissed the Defendants’ application for leave to defend, and the suit was decreed in favor of the Plaintiff for the principal amount of ₹1,96,97,325, along with pre-suit interest totaling ₹38,29,859, culminating in a total decretal amount of ₹2,35,27,184 (!) (!) (!) .

  9. Interest and Costs: The Court awarded interest at 12% per annum on the total amount from the date of the judgment, with a provision for higher interest if the Defendants failed to pay within two months. Costs were awarded to the Plaintiff, and the Plaintiff was directed to file a bill of costs within six weeks (!) (!) .

  10. Final Orders: The suit was decreed in accordance with the terms above, the order regarding the earlier admitted liability was merged into this decree, and the Court directed the Plaintiff to serve a copy of the judgment to the Defendants via email for compliance (!) (!) (!) (!) .

These points collectively summarize the Court’s reasoning, findings, and final judgment in the case.


MANMEET PRITAM SINGH ARORA, J:

CS(COMM) 624/2023

I.A. No. 5020/2024

1. The Plaintiff has filed the present suit under Order XXXVII Rules 1 and 2 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 [‘CPC’] seeking recovery of principal amount of ?1,96,97,325/- along with interest amount of ?38,29,859/- calculated at the rate of 2% per month as on 21.08.20231, from both Defendant No. 1, a sole proprietorship firm engaged in consignment shipping and operating through the networks of logistics companies like the Plaintiff, as well as Defendant No. 2, being the proprietor of Defendant No. 1 who is responsible for its day-to-day operations, communications, and liabilities. The Plaintiff also claims interest at 2% per month for pendente lite and future interest, until realization.

Factual Matrix

2. Facts stated in the plaint are as follows: -

2.1 In July 2022, the Defendants approached the Plaintiff, to utilize its logistics network for transporting sensitive consignments, which the Plaintiff accepted with the intent of a long-term business association. Commercial transactions began in the last week of July 2022, and although formal agreements dated 31.07.2022 and 01.09.2022 were sent by the Plaintiff, the

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