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2026 Supreme(Online)(Del) 6533

IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
KUSHAL KANWAR – Appellant
Versus
STATE OF NCT OF DELHI & ANR. – Respondent
BAIL APPLN.-1235/2025



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Sakshi
For the Respondents: Amit Ahlawat, Mandavi Pandey, Vikas Tripathi, Chandan, Sanjeev Kr. Mishra, Shivani, Mansi Singh, Heena Kumari

Anticipatory bail may be refused when accused fails to cooperate with investigation, misuses interim protection, and custodial interrogation is necessary for offences like forgery.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 406, 420, 34, 467 - Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 438 - Anticipatory bail - Refusal - Conduct of accused - Non-cooperation with investigation - Custodial interrogation necessary for forgery offences.

(B) Anticipatory bail - Factors against grant - Accused misused interim protection, failed to comply with conditions imposed by Supreme Court, and did not join investigation despite repeated opportunities - Such conduct indicates attempt to scuttle investigation and justifies dismissal of bail application.

Facts of the case:
The accused/applicant sought anticipatory bail in connection with an FIR alleging cheating and forgery. The complainant, a widow of a deceased CRPF personnel, was defrauded of Rs. 20,00,000/- under the pretext of investment; the amount was transferred to the accused's personal account and withdrawn in instalments. The accused also allegedly forged bill books. The Sessions Court dismissed the bail application citing need for custodial interrogation. The High Court initially granted interim protection but later withdrew it due to non-cooperation. The Supreme Court granted interim protection subject to conditions, but the accused failed to comply, leading to dismissal of the SLP. Despite this, the accused did not join investigation, prompting the IO to seek non-bailable warrants.

Findings of Court:
The court noted the accused's persistent non-compliance with court orders and the investigating officer's requirement for custodial interrogation to unearth original bill books and forged documents. The court found no reason to grant anticipatory bail, given the gravity of the offence (forgery punishable with life imprisonment) and the accused's conduct.

Issues: Whether anticipatory bail should be granted in light of the accused's failure to cooperate with investigation and comply with judicial orders, and whether custodial interrogation is necessary for investigating forgery.

Ratio Decidendi: The accused's conduct - including misuse of interim protection and non-compliance with Supreme Court conditions - coupled with the need for custodial interrogation to investigate serious offences like forgery, outweighs any right to anticipatory bail. Result : Anticipatory bail application dismissed.

Legal Category Hierarchy

  • crime and sentencing
    • offences against property
      • criminal breach of trust (Para 1, 4)
      • cheating (Para 1, 4, 9)
    • forgery (Para 4, 9, 11)
  • practice and procedure
    • bail
      • anticipatory bail (Para 1, 5, 6, 11, 12)
    • investigation
      • custodial interrogation (Para 5, 9, 11)
      • non-bailable warrants (Para 8)
    • interim orders
      • protection from arrest (Para 6, 7)

Table of Contents

1. Anticipatory bail application in case under Sections 406, 420 IPC for alleged cheating and forgery. (Para 1 , 4 , 8 )

2. Prosecution opposed bail citing need for custodial interrogation and accused's non-cooperation. (Para 5 , 6 , 9 )

3. Anticipatory bail dismissed due to accused's conduct and need for custodial interrogation. (Para 11 , 12 )

4. What factors are considered in anticipatory bail when the accused has a history of non-cooperation?

The court considers the accused's conduct, including non-cooperation and violation of court orders, as strong grounds to refuse bail. (Para 6 , 11 )

5. Is the nature of the offence a relevant factor for granting anticipatory bail?

Yes, particularly in cases involving forgery under Section 467 IPC punishable with life imprisonment, custodial interrogation may be necessary. (Para 9 , 11 )

6. What is the effect of non-compliance with interim protection orders on an anticipatory bail application?

Non-compliance leads to dismissal of the application as it demonstrates lack of bona fides and likelihood of hampering investigation. (Para 6 , 7 , 11 )

JUDGMENT (ORAL)

1. The accused/applicant seeks anticipatory bail in case FIR No. 531/2022 of Police Station Neb Sarai for offence under Section 406/420/34 IPC.

2. In the first call, none appeared for the accused/applicant, so matter was passed over awaiting the counsel for the accused/applicant.

3. In this second call, learned counsel for accused/applicant seeks adjournment on the ground that the main counsel is not available. The vakalatnama bears names and signatures of three counsel. But even in second call, none of them has appeared. In view of further discussion, I find no reason to grant any further accommodation.

4. Broadly speaking, prosecution allegation against the accused/applicant is that he cheated widow of a Pulwama martyr, who was employed with CRPF. According to prosecution, the amount fraudulently obtained by the accused/applicant was Rs. 20,00,000/-, which was collected by him from the complainant de facto widow under the pretext of investing the same for her. The said amount was collected by way of an agreement dated 28.11.2018. But the accused/applicant, instead of investing the said amount, transferred the same in his personal bank account and withdrew the same in small instalments. Further, according to prosecution, the accused/applicant also committed forgery of certain bill books.

5. The accused/applicant filed an application for grant of anticipatory bail before the learned Court of Sessions, where the IO took a stand that the accused/applicant was trying to scuttle the investigation; and that custodial interrogation was required in order to unearth the original bill books and other forged documents as well as to obtain voice samples of the accused/applicant. After detailed reasoning, the learned Court of Sessions dismissed the anticipatory bail application.

6. The present anticipatory bail application was listed for the first time on 28.03.2025 before a predecessor bench and thereafter it remained pending before different benches. Vide order dated 24.04.2025, the predecessor bench directed that no coercive action be taken against the accused/applicant, subject to his joining the investigation. That interim protection was finally withdrawn by the predecessor bench on 25.08.2025 for the reason that the accused/applicant had not been cooperating with the investigation despite interim protection.

7. The order dated 25.08.2025 of the predecessor bench was challenged by the accused/applicant before the Supreme Court by way of SLP (Crl.) No. 13322/2025, in which the accused/applicant was granted interim protection from arrest subject to certain conditions related to the cheated amount. The matter was adjourned before the Supreme Court on few dates, granting further opportunities but the accused/applicant did not comply with the conditions imposed by even the Supreme Court, so vide order dated 16.02.2026, the Supreme Court dismissed the SLP.

8. In this second call, the IO/SI Vivek has appeared with the concerned DCP Mr. Anant, who apprises the court that since after 16.02.2026, the accused/applicant did not join investigation, the IO has filed an application today itself before the learned trial court seeking non-bailable warrants against the accused/applicant.

9. Learned APP for State strongly opposes this anticipatory bail application in view of the above described conduct of the accused/applicant and also for the reason that there being specific allegations of forgery, custodial interrogation is required in order to unearth the original bill books and other documents. It is submitted by learned APP that present is not a case of simply cheating. It is a case of forgery, which is an offence punishable under Section 467 IPC, punishable with life imprisonment.

10. Despite being repeatedly called upon, learned counsel for accused/applicant does not address any argument.

11. Considering the above circumstances, especially the conduct of the accused/applicant in not complying with orders of even the Supreme Court, coupled w

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