ANIL KSHETARPAL, J.:

1. The present batch of Writ Petitions raises a common challenge to the continued recovery of the commuted portion of pension for a uniform statutory period of fifteen years prescribed under Rule 10A of the Central Civil Services (Commutation of Pension) Rules, 1981 [hereinafter referred to as „CCS Commutation Rules‟] and other analogous pension laws, in the backdrop of successive revisions in commutation factors following implementation of recommendations of various Central Pay Commissions [hereinafter referred to as „CPCs‟].

2. The connected Writ Petitions, though arising from different procedural backgrounds, broadly fall into the following categories:

i. Writ Petitions arising out of orders passed by the Central Administrative Tribunal, Principal Bench, New Delhi [hereinafter referred to as „CAT‟].

ii. Independent Writ Petitions instituted directly before this Court by retired employees and pensioners‟ associations seeking declaratory, constitutional and consequential reliefs concerning the operation of Rule 10A of the CCS Commutation Rules;

iii. Proceedings arising from orders of specialised tribunals, including W.P.(C) No. 12781/2024, wherein the Union of