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2025 Supreme(Online)(Gau) 11567

HIGH COURT OF GAUHATI
N. Unni Krishnan Nair, J
Chandralekha Deka – Appellant
Versus
State Of Assam – Respondent
WP(C)/918/2025



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Mr. M Islam, Ms A Khatun
For the Respondents: SC, P And R.D., GA, Assam, SC, Finance

Provincialized Panchayat employees are entitled to pensionary benefits calculated from their date of initial appointment, not just from the date of provincialization or confirmation, based on a continuous service definition under the Assam Panchayat Employees (Provincialization) Act, 1999.

Headnote:(A) Assam Panchayat Employees (Provincialization) Act, 1999 - Section 2(a), 2(b) and 2(d) - Pension entitlement - Provincialized Panchayat employee service computation - Benefit of pensionary services available to employees in service on or after 01.10.1991, reckoned from the date of initial appointment in Panchayat service - Term 'date of appointment' means date of first entry into service - Failure to process pension despite previous judicial settlement constitutes a continuous wrong - Delay in filing petition does not disentitle claimant to arrears when the cause is a continuous administrative failure. (Paras 13, 15, 17, 26, 28)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner is the widow of a deceased Panchayat employee who served from 1960 until his retirement in 2001. His services were provincialized in 1991. The authorities denied pension on the ground that he lacked 20 years of qualifying service and that his service was unconfirmed. The petitioner challenged this, relying on judicial precedent confirming that total service from the date of initial appointment should be considered for pensionary benefits.

Findings of Court:
The Court held that the service period should be counted from the initial date of appointment (1960), entitling the deceased to pension. The respondent's refusal to process the claim after the authoritative settled position rendered the state liable for the arrears without limitation on account of the 'continuous wrong' doctrine.

Issues: Whether the service rendered by the deceased Panchayat employee from 1960 can be reckoned as qualifying service for pensionary benefits and whether the petitioner is entitled to the arrears despite the passage of time.

Ratio Decidendi: The term 'date of appointment' under the 1999 Act signifies the date of first entry into the Panchayat service. Consequently, employees in service on or after 01.10.1991 are entitled to benefit from their entire service length. Failure by authorities to release these dues following settled law is a continuous cause of action.

Result: Petition allowed with specific directions to process pension and issue PPO within 3 months, failing which 6% interest applies.

Table of Content
1. summary of facts regarding the petitioner's claim for arrears and family pension. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. parties' arguments regarding eligibility and the effect of delayed filing. (Para 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9)
3. court interpretation of qualifying service and statutory definitions under the 1999 act. (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24)
4. condonation of delay and establishing non-applicability of limitation in continuous pension wrongs. (Para 25 , 26 , 27 , 28)
5. final directions regarding process and release of pensionary dues. (Para 29 , 30)

Heard Mr. M Islam, learned counsel, appearing on behalf of the petitioner. Also heard Mr. K Konwar, learned Standing counsel, Panchayat & Rural Development Department appearing on behalf of respondents No. 1, 4 & 6; Mr. S S Roy, learned Government Advocate, Assam, appearing on behalf of respondents No. 2 & 5; and Mr. B. Sharma, learned standing counsel, Accountant General, Assam, appearing on behalf of respondent No. 3.

2. The petitioner by way of instituting this petition, has prayed for a direction upon the respondent authorities for authorizing to her family pension and other pensionary benefits, on account of the services rendered by her deceased husband as a provincialised Panchayat employee. The petitioner has also prayed for authorising to her the life time arrears of pension receivable by her deceased husband.

3. As projected in the writ petition, the petitioner’s husband was initially engaged as Secretary, Rauli Gaon Panchayat under Barpeta Zilla Parishad w.e.f. 14.11.1960. Thereafter, he was allowed to work in the same Gaon Panchayat as a Tax Collector/Road Mahurar on fixed pay basis. The services of the husband of the petitioner came to be provincialised w.e.f. 01.10.1991. The husband of the petitioner on reaching the age of superannuation, retired from his service w.e.f. 28.02.2001.

It is further projected that the husband of the petitioner pursued the matter of finalization of his pension and pensionary benefits, but before the matter could be taken to its logical conclusions, he passed away, on 02.10.2008.

After the death of her husband, the petitioner approached the authorities for releasing to her, family pension and other due pensionary benefits, she was entitled to on account of the services rendered by her husband. Accordingly, the authorities of the Panchayat and Rural Development Department vide order dated 25.04.2014 authorised a provisional pension to her husband for the period from 01.03.2001 to 28.02.2002.

A family pension proposal was also processed and submitted to the Director of Pension, Assam. The said proposal was, however, returned by the Director of Pensions, Assam, vide communication dated 29.08.2016, by observing that the husband of the petitioner did not complete 20 (twenty) years of qualifying service and his service was not confirmed. Accordingly, a fresh proposal was required to be submitted by the Administrative Department.

The petitioner, being aggrieved, has instituted the present proceeding.

4. Mr. Islam, learned counsel for the petitioner, by placing reliance on the provisions of the Assam Panchayat Employees(Provincialization) Act, 1999, has submitted that the term “date of appointment” has been defined in the said Act, to mean in relation to an employee the date on which, he/she had joined the service of the Panchayat. The learned counsel has further placed his reliance on the decision of a Division Bench of this Court rendered in the case of State of Assam & anr. v. Syed Md. Fazlay Rabbi and other analogous matters, vide judgment & order, dated 24.03.2010, in WA No. 145/2009, and has contended that this Court, in the said decision, had held that the benefits of the provisions of the Act including those for pension and other retirement dues, would be available to the provincialized employees in service on or after 01.10.1991, on the basis of the length of their service reckoned from the d

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