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2025 Supreme(Online)(Guj) 12754

IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
J. C. Doshi, J
Dy. Collector and Special Land Acquisition Officer – Appellant
Versus
Patel Prahladbhai Shankardas – Respondent
R/CIVIL APPLICATION (FOR CONDONATION OF DELAY) NO. 4893 of 2024 | F/CIVIL REVISION APPLICATION NO. 26323 of 2024



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Nidhi Vyas
For the Respondents: Rahul S Shah

Inordinate delay by State authorities cannot be condoned under Section 5 of the Limitation Act based on mere administrative procedural delays, as such negligence does not constitute 'sufficient cause' and undermines the public policy of the law of limitation.

Headnote:(A) Limitation Act, 1963 - Section 5 - Condonation of delay - Inordinate delay of 5525 days - Whether sufficient cause demonstrated - Government/State authorities seeking condonation of delay must establish bona fide and show they acted with due diligence - Administrative lethargy and laxity do not constitute sufficient cause - Liberal approach cannot be used to jettison substantive law of limitation - Courts should not act as surrogates for State laxity. (Paras 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, 18)

Facts of the case:
The applicants, representing the State, sought condonation of a 5525-day delay in filing a Civil Revision Application against an executing court's order dated 14.02.2022. The applicants contended that the delay occurred because the file moved through various departments and tables. The execution order related to land acquisition compensation and interest components.

Findings of Court:
The court found that the applicants failed to establish any sufficient cause or exhibit due diligence in prosecuting the matter. The explanation provided was found vague, and the delay inordinately long. The court emphasized that consistent judicial precedents mandate strict scrutiny of delay applications by State instrumentalities, especially where administrative lethargy is evident.

Issues: Whether the applicants established 'sufficient cause' under Section 5 of the Limitation Act to condone a 5525-day delay; whether administrative movement of files justifies such inordinate delay.

Ratio Decidendi: Administrative lethargy, lack of follow-up, and absence of due diligence by state authorities do not satisfy the threshold of 'sufficient cause' for condoning inordinate delay. The Law of Limitation is a substantive law based on public policy and cannot be overruled by a liberal/justice-oriented approach in cases of gross negligence.

Result: Application for condonation of delay dismissed; prayer for registration of the Civil Revision Application rejected.

Table of Content
1. overview of facts and the inordinate delay context. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. legal principles governing condonation of delay under section 5. (Para 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13)
3. court's reasoning on negligence and rejection of the application. (Para 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18)

ORAL ORDER

1. The present application, invoking Section 5 of the Limitation Act, 1963, seeks condonation of an inordinate delay of 5525 days in preferring the captioned CRA.

2. Factual matrix of the case are as under:-

2.1 That on 22.09.2005, Respondent has filed executive Application being regular Execution Application No. 284 of 2005 in LAR NO. 805 of 1998 and filed execution application as per under section 28 aggregate amount of Rs. 3,50,000/- including additional compensation, 30% Solatium, 12% amount of price increase.

2.2 That on 11.05.2007, the learned Principal Senior Civil Judge has allowed Execution Petition directing Applicant State to pay a sum of Rs. 3,50,056/-. Said order has never been office of Applicants. Even, no legal opinion has forwarded vide office of Deponent till 14.02.2022.

2.3 That on 24.09.2013, the same was answered to Civil Court, Kadi. On 29.11.2023 learned District Government Pleader has forwarded the summons issued in regular Execution No. 13 of 2013 issued by Civil Court, Kadi.

2.4 That on 14.02.2022, the learned Civil Court, Kadi has passed impugned order directing Applicant State to deposit the amount of Rs. 3,50,056/- and Application was filed was certified copy of Execution Petition as well as order passed where under.

2.5 That on 10.03.2022, the certified copies were received. That on 11.03.2022, proposal was forwarded to Narmada Water Resources Water Supply and Kalpsar Department, State of Gujarat. On 01.04.2022 Narmada Water Resources Water Supply and Kalpsar Department, State of Gujarat sought for further details. On 22.04.2022, legal opinion of learned District Government Pleader was sought. The same was forwarded to the Department on 25.04.2022. That on 30.04.2022, certain quarry raised by the Narmada Water Resources Water Supply and Kalpsar Department. The query was replied by Office of Department on 11.05.2022. On 27.05.2022 the proposal was forwarded to the Legal Department. On 01.09.2022 legal Department granted permission to file Revision Application. The same was forwarded to the office of Deponent on 03.09.2022.

2.6 The office of the Government Pleader, High Court of Gujarat assigned the drafting of CRA to the concerned Assistant Government Pleader, who in turn called the officers for discussion and after discussing the same drafted the CRA alongwith application of condonation of delay.

2.7 Hence, present application for condonation of delay.

3. Learned AGP Ms. Nidhi Vyas appearing for the applicants in line of the ground stated in the application submitted that the file has travelled different tables and which ultimately, comes to the table of the office of the Government Pleader in the High Court of Gujarat. It is explained in the petition and therefore, it is submitted that since sufficient cause has been explained by the State Government and therefore, delay may be condoned. She would further submit that 6% interest was charged upon the interest by the learned Executing Court while executing the judgment and award passed by the Tribunal under the Land Acquisition Act. She would further submit that charging of 6% interest upon the interest already granted by the learned Tribunal under land reference proceedings is an issue, which is raised in the CRA intended to be filed. However, delay of 5525 days has been caused. She would further submit that the learned Executing Court cannot go beyond the decree and charge interest upon the interest.

3.1 Merely upon above submission, learned AGP prays to allow this application by condoning he delay and to register the CRA.

4. Learned advocate Mr.Shah appearing for the respondent did not appear despite last chance was granted by previous ord

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