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2026 Supreme(Online)(Guj) 8182

IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
Mool Chand Tyagi, J
Malek Sherbanu Sajitmiya – Appellant
Versus
Sheikh Shahnawaj Shabbirhusain – Respondent
R/FIRST APPEAL NO. 3320 of 2025



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Nishit A Bhalodi
For the Respondents: Kirti S Pathak

Married adult children qualify as legal representatives under the law, granting them standing to pursue compensation claims for a deceased parent's estate, regardless of dependency status. Compensation must utilize government-notified minimum wages when income is unproven, incorporating standardized future prospects and conventional heads of damages.

Headnote:(A) Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 - Sections 166 and 168 - Death in motor accident - Quantum of compensation - Notional income of a deceased must be assessed based on government-notified minimum wages in the absence of cogent income proof - Future prospects must be calculated at 10% for individuals in the 50-55 age bracket - Appropriate multiplier must be applied according to age of the deceased. (Paras 7, 8, 11)

(B) Legal Representative - Definition and scope - Major married children, regardless of dependency, constitute legal representatives under the Act and retain the right to claim compensation for death caused by a motor accident to preserve the estate of the deceased. (Paras 9, 10)

Facts of the case:
A total compensation was sought by the heirs of the deceased following a vehicular accident. The lower tribunal awarded compensation using a lower notional income base and restricted the claim, questioning the dependency of married adult children. The appellants challenged this, seeking an enhancement of the compensation amount, the application of appropriate minimum wages, and recognition of the entitlement of all legal heirs to the awarded sum.

Findings of Court:
The court reassessed the compensation by pegging the monthly income to the minimum wage for semi-skilled labor, applying a 10% enhancement for future prospects, and adjusting the multiplier to thirteen. It further affirmed that married adult children qualify as legal representatives and are entitled to compensation under conventional heads even if not fully dependent.

Issues: Whether married adult children qualify as legal representatives to claim compensation and the appropriate methodology for calculating the total compensation award when actual income evidence is absent.

Ratio Decidendi: Married adult children possess the statutory right to seek compensation as legal representatives because they inherit the estate of the deceased, rendering the issue of dependency secondary to the entitlement. Furthermore, in the absence of proof of actual income, government-notified minimum wage rates for the relevant skill category represent the just and equitable measure for calculating dependency loss.

Result: Appeal allowed; total compensation enhanced.

Table of Content
1. establishment of procedural history and factual background for the appeal. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. summary of rival contentions regarding income proof, dependency, and multiplier application. (Para 4 , 5)
3. reassessment of notional income based on minimum wage standards and future prospects. (Para 6 , 7 , 8)
4. legal status of adult married children as dependents and their right to claim compensation. (Para 9 , 10)
5. calculation of enhanced compensation components and final judicial order for disbursement. (Para 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19)

JUDGMENT

1. The captioned appeal has been preferred against the impugned judgment and award dated 10.07.2024 passed by the learned Motor Accident Claims Tribunal (Aux.) Mahisagar at Lunawada in M.A.C.P. No. 84 of 2023, whereby the learned Tribunal had partly allowed the Claim Petition, and awarded a sum of Rs.8,92,888/-, along with interest at the rate of 7% per annum, from the date of filing of the claim petition till its realization, as compensation.

2. The succinct facts, which led to the filing of the captioned appeal, as narrated in the Claim Petition are summarized as under:-

i. On 13.01.2023, Mr. Sajitmiya Mustufamiya Malek (hereinafter referred to as the “deceased”), was travelling on a motorcycle bearing registration No.GJ-35-K-7329, as a pillion rider. The said motorcycle was being driven by original opponent No.1/respondent No.1 herein at a very moderate speed, by observing traffic rules. When they reached near the place of the accident, a blue-buck suddenly came on the road, and upon seeing blue-buck, the original opponent No.1/respondent No.1 herein suddenly applied the brake of the motorcycle, however, lost control over his motorcycle, thereby causing the vehicular accident. Resultantly, the deceased sustained serious injuries and succumbed to the said injuries.

ii. It is the case of the original claimants/appellants herein before the learned Tribunal that at the time of the vehicle, the deceased was working as a tailor, thereby earning Rs.15,000/- per month. Therefore, the original claimants/appellants herein preferred the Claim Petition before the learned Tribunal seeking compensation of Rs.22,00,000/- each.

iii. Having been served with the notices/summons of the Claim Petition, Original opponent No.3/respondent No.3 herein – Insurance Company filed its Written Statement, thereby denying the averments made in the Claim Petition, and prayed for dismissal of the Claim Petition.

iv. Having considered the pleadings of the parties and the material available on record, the learned Tribunal framed the following issues:-

1. Whether the applicant proves that the deceased sustained injuries and died on account of the rashness and negligence on the part of the driver of the vehicle involved in the accident ?

2. What amount the applicant is entitled to get by way of compensation and from which of the opponents ?

3. What order ?

v. Having considered the evidence on record, the learned Tribunal partly allowed the Claim Petitions, and awarded a sum of Rs.8,92,888/-, along with interest at the rate of 7% per annum, from the date of filing of the claim petitions till its realization, as compensation.

vi. Being aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned judgment and award, the original claimants/appellants herein have preferred the captioned appeal seeking enhancement of the compensation awarded by the learned Tribunal.

3. Heard learned counsels for the parties.

4. Learned Counsel appearing on behalf of the original claimants/appellants herein vehemently submitted that at the time of the vehicular accident, the deceased was earning Rs.15,000/- per month by working as a tailor, however, in the absence of any proof of income, the learned Tribunal assessed the income of the deceased at Rs.8,500/- per month, which is at a very lower side. He contended that in the absence of any proof of income, the learned Tribunal ought to have considered the minimum wages prevalent

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