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2026 Supreme(Online)(Guj) 9629

IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
J. C. Doshi, J
Mahatamsing Shamrathising Rajput – Appellant
Versus
Ambicasingh Hariharsing Rajput – Respondent
R/CIVIL APPLICATION (FOR CONDONATION OF DELAY) NO. 6009 of 2024 | R/FIRST APPEAL/1053/2013



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Viral K Shah
For the Respondents: Amit N Patel

The discretionary power to condone delay requires proof of sufficient cause. It cannot be exercised in cases of gross negligence, inordinate delay, or where a litigant blames their counsel while failing to maintain personal vigilance over their own pending judicial matters.

Headnote:(A) Limitation Act, 1963 - Section 5 - Condonation of delay - Sufficient cause - Inordinate and colossal delay of over 2000 days - Litigant cannot avoid liability by blaming counsel - Duty of litigant to remain vigilant throughout proceedings - Once notice of death of respondent is provided and legal heirs are disclosed, failure to take timely action constitutes gross negligence. (Paras 10, 11, 12, 14)

(B) Civil Procedure - Abatement - Failure to bring legal heirs on record - Where party has been duly informed of death of sole respondent and fails to take statutory steps, legal proceeding stands abated - Discretionary power to condone delay must be exercised judiciously, not where gross negligence or want of due diligence is apparent. (Paras 10, 13)

Facts of the case:
The appellant sought condonation of a delay of 2154 days in filing an application to bring the legal heirs of the deceased respondent on record. The appellant argued they remained unaware of the death. It was established that the legal representative of the deceased had intimated the fact of death to the appellant's counsel along with relevant documentation years prior to the application.

Findings of Court:
The court observed that the appellant was aware of the death through their counsel. The appellant demonstrated a lack of due diligence and failed to provide any specific, cogent reasons for the inordinate delay, attempting to shift blame to the legal representative.

Issues: Whether a delay of 2154 days in seeking to set aside abatement and bringing legal heirs on record should be condoned given the absence of sufficient cause and presence of negligence.

Ratio Decidendi: Discretionary relief under the law of limitation requires the applicant to demonstrate sufficient cause without negligence or inaction. Where a litigant is informed of a proceeding's status and fails to act for years, and where such delay is gross and unexplained, the court will not exercise its discretion to condone the delay, as substantial justice does not imply the relaxation of mandatory procedural requirements for those who remain inactive or negligent.

Result: Application for condonation of delay dismissed; appeal stands abated.

Table of Content
1. procedural context for delay condonation and abatement. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 9)
2. bona fide belief vs lack of due diligence. (Para 4 , 5 , 8)
3. duty of vigilance and insufficient explanation for delay. (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14)
4. final order dismissing application and confirming appeal abatement. (Para 15 , 16 , 17)

ORDER

1. By way of the present Civil Application filed under Section 5 of the Limitation Act, 1963, applicants have prayed for the following reliefs:

“11(A) This Hon’ble Court may be pleased to allow the application and condone the delay of 2154 days in filing the Civil Application;

(B) This Hon’ble Court may be pleased to pass such other and further relief in favour of the applicant, as deemed just and proper, in the facts and circumstances of the case.”

2. Going to the facts of the case, by way of First Appeal, the appellants have preferred the present First Appeal challenging the judgment and decree passed in Civil Suit No.267 of 2007, whereby the suit of respondent was decreed in his favour, directing the appellants to handover the peaceful and vacant possession of the suit property. During the pendency of the suit, the sole respondent expired on 20.08.2018. The present applicants have filed the present application to condone the delay caused in preferring the application for setting aside the abatement and for bringing on record the heirs and legal representatives of the deceased respondent.

3. Heard learned advocate Mr.Jay S. Dakwala for learned advocate Mr.Viral Shah appearing for the applicants and learned advocate Mr.Amit Patel for respondent No.1.1.

4. Learned advocate appearing for the applicants-original petitioner mainly submitted that the petitioner was not aware about the death of the sole respondent. He further submitted that, though the learned advocate appearing for the petitioner had been informed about the death of the sole respondent, no steps were taken to file an application for bringing on record the heirs and legal representatives of the sole respondent. He also submitted that the applicants cannot be made to sufferer for the fault of the learned advocate. He submitted that, by filing the present application alongwith an additional affidavit, applicants have sufficiently explained the delay and has made out case for its condonation. Thus, learned advocate for the applicant prayed that, this Court should take a pragmatic approach and condone the delay, particularly when the First Appeal has already been admitted by the Co-ordinate Bench by order dated 17th September, 2013.

4.1 Upon above submissions, learned advocate for the applicants have prayed to allow the present application.

5. As against the aforesaid submissions, learned advocate appearing for the proposed heirs referred to the letter dated 12th December, 2019 written by learned advocate for the deceased –respondent to the learned advocate appearing for the appellants and submits that, on 12th August, 2018, learned advocate appearing for the respondent had been elevated to the Bench of this High Court and had informed to the learned advocate appearing for the appellants about the death of the sole respondent. He further submitted that, alongwith the letter, a copy of the death certificate was also supplied, and the details of the heirs and legal representatives of sole respondent were also provided. He referred to Annexure-R/1 and submitted that the learned advocate appearing for the respondent had followed the statutory mandate under Order XXII of the Code of Civil Procedure, therefore the appellants cannot now claim that they were not aware about the death of the respondent.

5.1 In view of the above submissions, he submits that the present application is devoid of merit, deserves no consideration. Therefore he prayed to dismiss the present application.

6. I have heard learned advocates for both sides. The facts remain that the appellants challenge the eviction order passed b

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