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2026 Supreme(Online)(Guj) 10150

IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
Mool Chand Tyagi, J
Vinubhai Dayabhai Pansuriya – Appellant
Versus
Rohitbhai Samjibhai Vacchani – Respondent
C/FA/1977/2019



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Nishit A Bhalodi, Viral N Modi
For the Respondents: Apurva K Jani, Tanmay B Karia

In cases of permanent disability arising from motor accidents, victims are entitled to compensation for future prospects. Furthermore, a pillion rider is not liable for the negligence of a vehicle driver, and no deduction from the total compensation award is permissible for such composite negligence.

Headnote:(A) Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 - Sections 166, 173 - Permanent disability - Future prospects - Quantum of compensation - Principles of 'just' and reasonable compensation - Claimant suffered permanent disability - Tribunal excluded future prospects - Appellate court held that entitlement to future prospects is fundamental to restore victim to pre-accident position - Multiplier and functional disability assessed - Total compensation enhanced based on these findings. (Paras 10, 12, 13, 14, 15)

(B) Composite Negligence - Pillion rider - Liability - Accident caused by collision - Tribunal deducted portion of compensation for alleged negligence of the vehicle operator - Appellate court ruled that no negligence is attributable to a passenger/pillion rider in the event of composite negligence - Deduction set aside, entitlement to full compensation affirmed. (Paras 8, 18)

Facts of the case:
Appeal against a tribunal award in a motor accident claim. The claimant, a pillion rider, sustained injuries resulting in permanent disability. The tribunal calculated total compensation but denied claims for future prospects and deducted a percentage of the award due to the alleged negligence of the vehicle operator. The claimant appealed for an enhancement, challenging the denial of future prospects and the arbitrary deduction from the award.

Findings of Court:
The court determined that the claimant is entitled to compensation for future prospects even in cases of permanent disability, as the objective is to restore the victim to their pre-accident economic standing. The court further held that a passenger or pillion rider does not share liability for the negligence of the vehicle operator, and therefore, no deduction from the compensation is legally justified under the principle of composite negligence.

Issues: Whether the claimant is entitled to compensation for future prospects in cases of permanent disability and whether the deduction of an award due to the negligence of the vehicle operator is permissible when the claimant is a pillion rider.

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that 'just compensation' requires placing the victim in a position as near as possible to their pre-accident state, necessitating the inclusion of future prospects. Additionally, a pillion rider is not accountable for the negligence of the vehicle driver, making the deduction of the award unsustainable.

Result: Appeal allowed.

Table of Content
1. overview of appeal history and factual background. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
2. parties' contentions on compensation, future prospects, and negligence. (Para 7 , 8 , 9)
3. entitlement to future prospects in permanent disability cases. (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14)
4. assessment of just compensation and loss of income. (Para 15 , 16 , 17)
5. pillion riders are exempt from liability in composite negligence cases. (Para 18)
6. formal court orders and direction for claim disbursement. (Para 19 , 20 , 21)

JUDGMENT

1. The captioned appeal is filed against the impugned judgment and award dated 06.07.2018 passed by the learned Motor Accident Claims Tribunal (Auxiliary) at Rajkot in MACP No.1073/2008, whereby the learned Tribunal had partly allowed the claim petition and awarded the compensation to the tune of Rs.1,44,313/- after deducting 10% on account of negligence of the rider of the motor cycle along with interest at the rate of 9% per annum from the date of filing of claim petition till its realization.

2. The succinct facts leading to file the captioned appeal are that on 09.06.2008, the original claimant-Vinubhai Dayabhai Pansuriya was travelling on a motor cycle bearing registration no.GJ.13.Q.2484 as a pillion rider. When he reached at the place of accident, the respondent no.1 herein came by driving his maruti car bearing registration no.GJ.10.F.6769 from the wrong side, in rash and negligent manner, at an excessive speed and dashed with the said motor cycle, in which the claimant was travelling. Due to the impact of the said accident, the original claimant sustained severe bodily injuries, including fracture injuries. It is also the case of the claimant/appellant herein that at the time of accident, he was running a factory under the name and style of M/s. Ravi Industries and also engaged in the agricultural work and thereby earning a sum of Rs.3,00,000/- to Rs.4,00,000/- per annum from both sources. Therefore, the claim petition for seeking the compensation of Rs.7,00,000/- came to be filed.

3. On being served, the respondent no.1/driver of the maruti car filed the written statement at Exh.19 while the respondent no.2/insurance company filed its written statement at Exh.13. Both the respondents have denied the averments made in the claim petition and prayed for rejection of the claim petition.

4. Having considered the pleadings, evidence led by the respective parties and the submissions canvassed by the respective parties, the learned Tribunal had partly allowed the claim petition and awarded the compensation to the tune of Rs.1,44,313/- after deducting 10% on account of negligence of the rider of the motor cycle along with interest at the rate of 9% per annum from the date of filing of claim petition till its realization.

5. Being aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned judgment and award, the claimant/appellant herein challenged the impugned judgment and award on the ground of negligence as well as quantum.

6. Heard learned counsels for the parties.

7. Ms. Viral N. Modi, learned counsel appearing on behalf of Mr. Nishit A. Bhalodi, learned counsel for the claimant/appellant herein vehemently submitted that at the time of accident, the claimant/appellant was running a factory under the name and style of M/s. Ravi Industries and also doing the agricultural work and thereby earning a sum of Rs.3,00,000/- to Rs.4,00,000/- per year. The learned Tribunal, after considering the material on record, assessed the monthly income of the claimant/appellant as Rs.11,600/- per month; however, the learned Tribunal has not considered the future prospects of the claimant/appellant, though at the time of accident, he was 48 years old. She submitted that the learned Tribunal has not awarded any amount of compensation under the head of future loss of income on the ground that after the accident, the income of the claimant/appellant had increased, therefore, he is not entitled to get the compensa

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