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2026 Supreme(Online)(Guj) 22248

IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
J. C. Doshi, J
PASCHIM GUJARAT VIJ COMPANY LIMITEDV/sHEIRS OF DECD. RAMBHAI RAMSHIBHAI LAKHATRANA
R/FIRST APPEAL NO. 4022 of 2012



Important Points

Electricity supply is an inherently dangerous activity attracting absolute and strict liability; therefore, the electricity company is liable for compensation for electrocution deaths regardless of the victim's contributory negligence.

Subject

Civil Law - Torts

Act Referred

Headnote

The case involves a claim for compensation under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, following the death of an individual due to electrocution from a transformer. The trial court partly decreed the suit, awarding compensation with interest. The appellant electricity company challenged this, alleging that the deceased's own negligence in attempting to fix a transformer fuse caused the accident. The primary issue is whether the deceased's alleged negligence absolves the electricity company of liability. The court reasoned that supplying electricity is an inherently dangerous activity, attracting the principles of strict and absolute liability. Consequently, the enterprise is liable regardless of the precautions taken or the contributory negligence of the victim, as the liability is absolute and not subject to the exceptions of traditional tortious strict liability. Resultantly, present First Appeal fails and stands dismissed.

Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Premal R Joshi
For the Respondents: Kaushal P Modi, Ashish M Dagli

Table of Content
1. summary of electrocution incident and trial court's decree. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 8)
2. arguments regarding contributory negligence vs. company liability. (Para 5 , 6)
3. application of absolute liability for hazardous activities. (Para 7 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12)
4. electricity supply attracts strict and absolute liability. (Para 13 , 14 , 15)
5. dismissal of appeal and disbursement of funds. (Para 16 , 17 , 18 , 19)

JUDGMENT

1. By way of filing present First Appeal u/s 96 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (in short “the Code”), the appellant – Paschim Gujarat Vij Company Ltd (in short “the PGVCL”) challenges judgment and decree dated 31.8.2012 passed by the learned 2nd Addl. Senior Civil Judge, Veraval, whereby the learned trial Court has partly decreed Special Civil Suit No.16 of 2004 and directed the PGVCL to pay Rs.3,41,400/- with interest at the rate of 7% per annum from the date of filing of the suit till realization.

2. For the sake of convenience and brevity, parties are referred to as per their original status before the learned trial Court.

3. Briefly stated facts of the case are that the deceased Rambhai Ramsibhai had a boring machine and earned Rs. 5000/- per month. On 6/6/2001, deceased Rambhai Ramsibhai's machine was running in the Umbri border of Sutrapada taluka, and the deceased was walking there from Sutrapada. It was raining lightly, on the border of Vaniyavav village, near the land of Aher Hajabhai Veerabhai, while he was moving forward on the road, due to some technical fault in the GEB transformer near the road, deceased Rambhai Ramsibhai got electrocuted. The deceased was brought to the Primary Health Center, Sutrapada and was declared dead.

3.1 Claiming the aforesaid incident as absolute negligency on the part of the PGVCL, the plaintiffs have prayed for compensation for her husband to the tune of Rs.7,00,000/- with interest.

3.2 The defendant PGVCL having been served, appeared through learned advocate and mainly submitted that the incident took place due to sole negligency of the deceased. It is the deceased who is required to take necessary care to avoid the mishap. Rest of the pleadings are also denied by the PGVCL.

3.3 The learned trial Court partly decreed the suit to the aforesaid extent.

3.4 Being aggrieved, the PGVCL has preferred present First Appeal.

4. Heard learned advocates for the respective parties.

5. Learned advocate for the appellant / defendant would submit that on the date of the incident, there was a drizzle and in the meanwhile, the deceased went to join transformer fuse illegally and received electrocution and died and therefore, it is the case of self-negligency which resulted into electrocution and thus, the PGVCL is not required to pay any compensation. He would further submit that the learned trial Court has erred in fastening the liability upon the PGVCL though the deceased died due to his self-negligency. He would further submit that it is a clear case where deceased was negligent and had he taken proper care, the mishap would have been avoided and therefore, in the facts and circumstances of the case, he would submit that the learned trial Court has committed serious error in deciding the issue of negligence against the PGVCL. He would further submit that the learned trial Court made improper calculation in grating compensation and even the income of the deceased assessed by the learned trial Court is on the higher side so also 7% interested granted by the learned trial Court is on higher side. Upon above submissions, he prays to allow this First Appeal.

6. On the other hand, learned advocate for the original claimants referring to para 13 of the impugned judgment would submit that report at Exh.38 by the Deputy Engineer itself sufficiently established that the deceased died due to injury having been received from the current passing through the transformer. He would further submit that the wires and the running of electric

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