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2022 Supreme(Online)(HP) 2230

HIMACHAL PRADESH HIGH COURT
J. D. Mittal, J
Salinder Parkash Chand v. Champa Devi
Regular Second Appeal | RBT No. 150/2013/11



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: [No specific names mentioned]
For the Respondents: [No specific names mentioned]

The propounder of a Will must prove its authenticity and dispel suspicions; discrepancies in testimonies and procedural flaws led to the rejection of the Will’s validity.

Headnote:(A) Transfer of Property Act, 1882 - Validity of Will - The execution and attestation of the Will dated 06.12.1999 were subject to scrutiny due to discrepancies in testimonies and absence of the propounder to dispel suspicious circumstances surrounding it. The court found the Will to be not genuine based on the soundness of mind of the testator and procedural irregularity in its execution. Issues of ownership and possession of land were addressed, emphasizing the necessity for clarity on testamentary intentions. (Paras 1, 17, 21)

(B) Civil Procedure Code - The duty of the propounder of a Will to prove its validity and dispel suspicions is established. The court highlighted the criticality of substantive evidence in determining questions of legality in testamentary documents. (Paras 19, 20)

Facts of the case:
The dispute arose from a family will contest concerning property ownership, with claims of illegitimacy surrounding the execution of a Will following the death of Bansi Lal. The plaintiff contended that the Will was procured unlawfully and sought injunction against dispossession.

Findings of Court:
The appellate court asserted that the Will lacked authenticity based on inconsistent testimonies and procedural flaws.

Issues: The court determined the validity of the Will, the rightful ownership of the land, and the deceased’s mental state at the time of the Will's execution.

Ratio Decidendi: The court established that the burden of proof on the propounder of a Will includes dispelling all doubts regarding its legitimacy. The inconsistencies in witness statements created credible doubts regarding the testator's mental competency.

Result: Appeal dismissed.

Table of Content
1. appeal based on will dispute and property ownership. (Para 1 , 2)
2. arguments regarding the genuineness of the will. (Para 7 , 8)
3. court's scrutiny of witnesses, doubts on will's validity. (Para 18 , 19 , 20)
4. appellate court’s rationale for dismissing the appeal. (Para 21)

1. The instant regular second appeal has been maintained by the appellant, who was defendant No. 1 before the learned Court below (hereinafter to be called as "defendant No. 1"), laying challenge to judgment and decree, dated 29.05.2015, passed by learned Additional District JudgeII, Una, District Una, H.P., in Civil Appeal RBT No. 150/2013/11, whereby the judgment and decree, dated 09.08.2011, passed by learned Civil Judge (Jr. Div.), Court No. II, Amb, District Una, H.P., in Civil Suit No. 117/2003, was set aside and suit of the plaintiff was decreed.

2. Briefly the facts, which are necessary for determination and adjudication of the present appeal, are that respondent No. 1 (since deceased, through his LRs) / plaintiff (hereinafter to be called as "plaintiff") filed a suit before the learned Court below against defendant No. 1 and other pro forma defendants, seeking declaration that the land mentioned in the plaint was jointly owned and possessed by him, along with the proforma defendants, having inherited the same from their father, Bansi Lal. The suit land was joint Hindu coparcenary property, in addition to which, Bansi Lal also possessed another piece of land as non - occupancy tenant. However, the mutation of ownership could not be entered in the name of Bansi Lal qua the said land, its owner Kushala Devi was a widow. The possession of the land, though remained with Bansi Lal. It has been averred that Bansi Lal was not keeping good health and was not of sound disposing mind. He was incapable of caring for his welfare and of executing any document. He expired on 06.12.1999 at Hoshiarpur, and his last rites were also performed by the plaintiff. The plaintiff, on approaching the revenue authority for attestation of mutation of the estate of deceased Bansi Lal, came to know that mutation had already been sanctioned on the basis of a Will, dated 06.12.1999. It has been further averred that Will, dated 06.12.1999 had been procured by defendant No. 1, Salinder Kumar in his favour, in connivance with the marginal witnesses and as such, the same is liable to be declared as illegal and void document.
Consequential relief of injunction restraining the defendants from dispossessing the plaintiff from the land and changing the nature of the same by cutting and removing trees, raising any construction over the same, was also prayed for.

3. By filing written statement, claim of the plaintiff was resisted and contested by defendant No. 1, whereas a joint written statement was filed by proforma defendant Nos. 2 to 5. In written statement, defendant No. 1 raised preliminary objections qua maintainability, limitation, non - joinder of necessary parties and valuation. On merits, it has been contented that deceased Bansi Lal, who was served and looked after by the defendant in his old age, had executed a Will, dated 06.12.1999, in presence of witnesses, in a sound disposing mind. It has been further contended that deceased Bansi Lal has expired on 07.12.1999 and not on 06.12.1999, as claimed by the plaintiff. The Will was a legal and valid document, on the basis of which, the defendant had come into possession of the land in question and rest of the contents of the plaint were denied, being incorrect. In a joint written statement, filed by proforma defendants Nos. 2 to 5, they supported the case of defendant No. 1

4. In replication, averments of the written statements were denied and contents of the plaint were reasserted.

5. On the pleadings of parties, the learned Court below framed the following issues for determination and adjudication:
"1. Whether the plaintiff and proforma defendants are owners in possession of the suit land, as prayed for? OPP
2. Whe





































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