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2026 Supreme(Online)(HP) 2082

IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH, SHIMLA
Sandeep Sharma, J
Bhagat Ram – Appellant
Versus
State of Himachal Pradesh – Respondent
Criminal Appeal Nos. 9 and 23 of 2011



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: N.S. Chandel, Vinod Gupta, Kanika Verma
For the Respondents: Rajan Kahol, Vishal Panwar, Ravi Chauhan, Anish Banshtu

A conviction for attempt to murder under Section 307 of the IPC is valid if the act is dangerous and intent is inferred from the weapon and injury, whereas charges for dowry harassment and destruction of evidence require specific evidence that cannot be satisfied by vague, uncorroborated testimony.

Headnote:(A) Penal Code, 1860 - Section 307 - Attempt to murder - Quantum of sentence - Appellate court may reduce sentence for attempt to murder where the incident was long-standing and evidence of intention is inferred from the weapon used (Darat) and nature of injuries sustained by victims - Sentence reduced from five years to two years. (Paras 16, 20)

(B) Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 498-A and 201 - Cruelty and Destruction of evidence - Where evidence of dowry demand is vague and incident-based, and presence of accused (in-laws) at the spot at the time of the alleged offence is absent, conviction cannot be sustained based on bald allegations. (Paras 21-25)

(C) Appeal - Powers of appellate court - Court must set aside convictions where evidence is insufficient or inconsistent regarding the presence of accused and motive of the alleged crime. (Paras 21-25)

Facts of the case:
The appellants were convicted by the trial court for offences under Sections 307, 498-A, and 201 of the IPC. The prosecution alleged that one of the accused attacked two victims with a 'Darat' causing grievous injuries and that the in-laws (co-accused) harassed the victim for demand of dowry and later attempted to destroy evidence, which the High Court found to be unsubstantiated.

Findings of Court:
The court upheld the conviction of the main offender under Section 307 IPC but reduced the sentence, while acquitting the co-accused of charges under Sections 498-A and 201 IPC due to lack of evidence.

Issues: Whether the conviction for attempt to murder was supported by evidence and whether the charges of dowry harassment and destruction of evidence were proven against the co-accused.

Ratio Decidendi: Conviction under Section 307 IPC is sustainable based on the overt act of using a dangerous weapon causing grievous injury regardless of motive, while charges requiring specific intent or direct evidence of presence (like 498-A and 201) fail when prosecution evidence is based on casual, non-specific assertions.

Result: Appeals allowed in part; sentence modified for one appellant and others acquitted.

Sandeep Sharma, J. (Oral)

Since common questions of facts and law are involved in both the above captioned appeals, this court heard them together and same are now being disposed of vide common judgment.

Afore appeals filed under Section 374 of CrPC, lay challenge to judgment dated 4.1.2010, passed by the learned Additional Sessions Judge Mandi, Himachal Pradesh (Camp at Karsog) in Sessions Trial No. 22 of 2004, whereby appellant/accused (herein after “accused”) came to be convicted and sentenced as per description given herein below:

Accused No.1 Duni Chand
Sections Punishment Fine In case of default in payment of fine
307 of IPC RI of 5 years Rs.20,000/- SI for 3 months.
498-A of IPC RI for 2 years Rs.10,000/- SI for 2 months.
201 of IPC RI for 1 year Rs.10,000/- SI for 2 months.
Accused No.2 Bhagat Ram
Sections Punishment Fine In case of default in payment of fine
498-A of IPC RI for 2 years Rs.10,000/- SI for 2 months.
201 of IPC RI for 1 year Rs.10,000/- SI for 2 months.
Accused No.3 Padmu Devi
Sections Punishment Fine In case of default in payment of fine
498-A of IPC RI for 2 years Rs.10,000/- SI for 2 months.

Besides above, learned court below awarded sum of Rs. 30,000/- to Monika (vicim/injured) and Rs. 20,000/- to Dharma Devi (victim/injured), as compensation.

In nutshell, case of the prosecution as emerge from the record is that FIR (Ext.PW1/A), came to be lodged at the behest of PW1 Hem Raj, who alleged that on 14.10.2003 at about 5:30pm, while he was ploughing his fields with his mother Jasmati Devi, he after having heard some noise, talked to one Lej Ram on his telephone. Lej Ram told PW1 Hem Raj that accused Duni Chand has caused injuries to PW9 Dharma Devi and PW14 Monika. Complainant alleged that he along with his mother went towards the house of PW14 Monika, where she was found in injured condition. Complainant further alleged that PW14 Monika had suffered deep cut on her arms and neck and her clothes were also stained with blood. He also alleged that PW9 Dharma Devi also suffered injuries on her forehead, face and body and persons namely Lej Ram, Kewal Krishan and PW3 Pooja were also present there. He alleged that accused Duni Chand, who was tied to a pillar in a verandah, was proclaiming that he has committed a mistake. In the afore background, above named injured were taken to hospital and on the basis of statement made by PW1 Hem Raj under Section 154 CrPC, FIR Ext.PW1/A was registered in the Police Station.

PW22-SI Vijay Sen conducted investigation and after completion of the same, presented challan in the competent court of law, which, being satisfied that prima-facie case is made out against the accused, proceeded to frame charges under Sections 307, 498-A and 201 of IPC read with Section 34 of IPC against them, to which they pleaded not guilty and claimed trial.

Prosecution with a view to prove its case examined as many as 28 witnesses, whereas accused in their statements recorded under Section 313 CrPC, denied case of the prosecution in toto and claimed themselves to be innocent. They also produced one evidence in defence i.e. DW1 Pyare Lal, in their defence.

Learned trial Court on the basis of material adduced on record by the respective parties, vide judgment dated 4.1.2010 held the accused guilty of having committed offences under afore provisions of law and accordingly, convicted and sentenced them as per the description given herein above. In the aforesaid background, present appellants/accused have approached this Court in the instant proceedings, seeking therein their acquittal after setting aside the judgment of conviction recorded by the learned Additional Sessions Judge, Mandi.

Precisely, the grouse of the appellants as has been highlighted in both the appeals and further canvassed by Mr.N.S. Chandel, Senior Advocate, duly assisted by Ms. Kanika Verma, Advocate, is that learned Additional Sessions Judge while ascertaining guilt, if any, of t

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