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2026 Supreme(Online)(ITAT) 9281

INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL (DELHI BENCH)
Vikas Awasthy, Judicial Member, Brajesh Kumar Singh, Accountant Member
HCL Technologies Limited – Appellant
Versus
Asst. Commissioner of Income Tax, Central Circle-2, New Delhi – Respondent
ITA Nos.5624/Del/2010 & 5465/Del/2011



Advocates:
For the Assessee: Shri Ajay Vohra, Sr. Adv., Shri Neeraj Jain, Adv., Shri Aditya Vohra, Adv., Shri Arpit Goyal, CA & Shri Shashvat Dhamija, Adv.
For the Revenue: Shri G.C. Srivastava, Special Counsel (VC), Shri Kalrav Malhotra, Adv.

Section 10A deduction computed on business profits apportioned by export turnover ratio, including surplus fund interest; hedging forex losses non-speculative; 10A losses set-offtable; FTC available despite deduction; no automatic creditor cessation without write-back.

Headnote:(A) Income-tax Act, 1961 - Sections 10A, 41(1), 43(5), 14A, 90 - Software export undertakings - Multiple STPI units under single license - Held, not separate undertakings for deduction; linked to licenses - Losses of 10A units set off against non-10A income allowed as 10A is deduction post-2000 amendment - Foreign exchange loss on premature unwinding of hedging forward covers not speculative; allowable as business loss - Static creditors over 3 years not automatically income u/s 41(1) without write-back - Rule 8D prospective from AY 2008-09 - Branch profits from onsite software services eligible if nexus with India units - ESOP discount over vesting period allowable; adjusted at exercise - Foreign tax credit available on 10A income as chargeable though deducted - Interest income from surplus funds part of business profits eligible. (Paras 5.14, 7.15, 8.9, 9.5, 10.8, 11.10, 13.12, 16.10)

(B) Section 10A(4) - Computation - Profits of business apportioned by export/total turnover ratio; includes incidental investment income if from undertaking funds - No head-wise bifurcation needed pre-deduction. (Para 16.8)

Facts of the case:
Assessee, software exporter, claimed enhanced 10A deduction treating 31 STPI units as separate undertakings vs 13 licenses; adjustments to export turnover; set-off of 10A unit losses; excess depreciation on peripherals; 14A disallowance via Rule 8D; branch profits exclusion; ESOP expenses; software license fees; foreign tax credit on 10A income; DDT restriction; education cess deduction; investment income inclusion; forex loss on forward covers; static creditors write-back.

Findings of Court:
10A restricted to 13 undertakings; turnover adjustments remitted conditionally; losses set-off allowed; 60% depreciation on peripherals; 14A deleted; branch profits verified; ESOP allowed with exercise adjustment; software fees remitted; FTC allowed with verification; investment income eligible post-verification; forex loss allowed; creditors remitted.

Issues: Separate undertakings for 10A; turnover exclusions; loss set-off; depreciation rates; 14A applicability; branch eligibility; ESOP deductibility; license fees nature; FTC on deducted income; investment profits; forex loss speculation; creditors cessation.

Ratio Decidendi: 10A units not separate without STPI new undertaking proof; post-2000 10A deduction permits loss set-off; hedging forex loss non-speculative; Rule 8D prospective; onsite branch profits eligible via nexus; ESOP liability accrues vesting; business profits include surplus fund interest; creditors taxable only on write-back.

Result: Appeals partly allowed; key claims allowed post-verification.

Table of Content
1. case background and assessee's business facts (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. section 10a deduction: separate undertakings dispute (Para 4 , 5)
3. export turnover adjustments under section 10a (Para 6)
4. section 10a losses set-off against other income (Para 7)
5. depreciation rate on computer peripherals (Para 8)
6. section 14a disallowance and rule 8d applicability (Para 9)
7. section 10a deduction for overseas branch profits (Para 10)
8. software license fees: revenue vs capital expenditure (Para 12)
9. foreign tax credit eligibility for section 10a income (Para 13)
10. ddt restriction under relevant dtaa article 10 (Para 14)
11. education cess deductibility before return due date (Para 15)
12. investment income inclusion in section 10a profits (Para 16)
13. interest charge under sections 234b/c/d consequential (Para 17 , 18)
14. forward contract losses: hedging vs speculative (Para 19)
15. appeals partly allowed with directions (Para 21)

IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL DELHI BENCH, C: NEW DELHI BEFORE SHRI VIKAS AWASTHY, JUDICIAL MEMBER AND SHRI BRAJESH KUMAR SINGH, ACCOUNTANT MEMBER ITA Nos.5624/Del/2010 & 5465/Del/2011 [Assessment Years: 2006-07 and 2007-08]

HCL Technologies Limited, Asst. Commissioner of 806, Siddhartha 96, Income Tax, Central Circle-2, Nehru Place, New Delhi. Vs New Delhi.

PAN- AAACH1645P Assessee Revenue Assessee by Shri Ajay Vohra, Sr. Adv., Shri Neeraj Jain, Adv., Shri Aditya Vohra, Adv., Shri Arpit Goyal, CA &

Shri Shashvat Dhamija, Adv.

Revenue by Shri G.C. Srivastava, Special Counsel (VC), Shri Kalrav Malhotra, Adv.

Date of Hearing 16.01.2026 Date of Pronouncement 15.04.2026

ORDER

PER BRAJESH KUMAR SINGH, AM, These two appeals have been preferred by the assessee against the Final Assessment Order dated 28.10.2010 and 30.10.2011 passed by the ACIT, Central Circle-2, New Delhi, and ACIT, Central Circle-18, New Delhi(hereinafter referred to as the ‘ld. AO’) under Section 143 read with Section 144C(13), of the Income- tax Act, 1961 (“the Act”), pursuant to the directions of the Hon'ble Dispute Resolution Panel-2, New Delhi (DRP) order dated 30.09.2010 and 20.09.2011 for the Assessment Year 2006-07 and 2007-08 respectively.

2. There are multiple common grounds in both the appeals. During the course of the hearing, the assessee filed a tabular chart for both the appeals and paper books and a compilation of case laws, which will be referred as per the requirement in this order.

2.1 During the pendency of the appeal, the assessee also filed additional grounds. These additional grounds along with the grounds of appeal will be dealt later in this order.

2.2. Further, the assessee also filed additional evidences in support of its claim of credit of Foreign Tax Credit of Rs. 15,20,58,506/-.

2.3 Further, the Spl. Counsel of the Department filed a written submission dated

07.07.2025 and the assessee filed a rejoinder dated 04.08.2025.

2.4 Necessary references will made to all the said documents evidences at the appropriate place as per its relevance and its requirements.

2.5 Since in both the apples issues are largely common issues are involved and therefore the same are disposed by this common order for the sake of convenience and brevity.

ITA No.- 5624/Del/2010 for A.Y. 2006-07 First, we take up the appeal for A.Y. 2006-07 in ITA no.- 5024/Del/2010.

3. The assessee had filed its return of income on 27.11.2006 declaring total income of Rs.4,08,00,448/-. Later on, the assessee filed a revised return on

28.3.2008 declaring total income of Rs. Nil.

3.1 During the year, the assessee was engaged in the business of development and export of computer software and rendering technical services. In the original return filed the assessee had shown gross income from business at Rs.650,42,87,652/- and deduction u/s 10A of the Act of Rs 644,73,03,493/- was claimed and business income was shown at Rs. 5,69,84,159/-. In the revised return gross income from business and profession was shown at Rs. 626,69,24,986/- and deduction a/s 10A was claimed

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