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2025 Supreme(Online)(ITAT) 27683

INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL (DELHI BENCH)
Anubhav Sharma, Judicial Member, Manish Agarwal, Accountant Member
Tupperware India Private Limited – Appellant
Versus
National Faceless Assessment Centre – Respondent
ITA No. 4475/Del/2024



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Rohit Tiwari, Shivani, Shobhit Tiwari
For the Respondents: S.K. Jadhav

One-time compensation for changing business distribution models is a deductible revenue expense. AMP expenses cannot be deemed international transactions without tangible evidence of an arrangement or action in concert between related parties; the Bright Line Test for transfer pricing adjustments is invalid.

Headnote:(A) Income Tax Act, 1961 - Sections 37, 92B, 92C, 143(3), 144B, 144C(13), 270A - Business expenditure - Section 37 - One-time compensation paid to distributors for transitioning from traditional direct selling model to omni-channel approach - Whether capital or revenue expenditure - Held, such expenditure is for business expediency and efficiency, and thus revenue in nature. (Paras 5, 8, 15, 17, 18)

(B) Transfer Pricing - International Transaction - Sections 92B and 92F - AMP expenses - Whether incurrence of Advertising, Marketing and Promotion (AMP) expenses qualifies as an international transaction justifying transfer pricing adjustment - Absence of 'understanding', 'arrangement', or 'action in concert' between related parties - Burden of proof lies on Revenue to prove existence of international transaction via tangible evidence - Benchmarking based on quantum alone or using Bright Line Test (BLT) rejected. (Paras 19, 26, 27, 28, 31, 32)

(C) Transfer Pricing - Management Service Fees and Interest on Receivables - Benchmarking - Determination of Arm’s Length Price (ALP) - Requirement to examine facts and documentation consistently with prior years - Impunctuation of adjustments without proper benchmarking or reconsideration of working capital adjustments. (Paras 20, 21)

Facts of the case:
An assessee engaged in the manufacturing and trading of consumer goods claimed deduction for one-time compensation paid to its existing distributors following a shift from a direct selling model to an omni-channel sales approach. The tax authorities disputed the allowability of this payment and initiated transfer pricing adjustments regarding AMP expenses, management service fees, and interest on outstanding receivables, applying the Bright Line Test and asserting management fees should be nil.

Findings of Court:
The court found that the compensation to distributors was in the nature of business revenue expenditure incurred for commercial prudence, not capital expenditure. Regarding AMP expenses, the court held they do not constitute an international transaction in the absence of tangible evidence of an 'agreement' or 'action in concert' between related parties, maintaining that the Bright Line Test is not a valid method for determining international transactions. Matters concerning management fees and interest on receivables were set aside for fresh adjudication due to inadequate examination of comparable data and working capital adjustments.

Issues: Whether the one-time compensation to distributors is a deductible business expense under Section 37; whether AMP expenses incurred by an entity qualify as an international transaction subject to transfer pricing adjustment; and whether the method of benchmarking management fees and interest on receivables was legally sound.

Ratio Decidendi: Expenditure incurred for business expediency and efficiency is deductible if not capital in nature. An international transaction must be demonstrably established through tangible evidence proving an agreement or action in concert between associated enterprises; the quantum of AMP spend or existence of a brand does not, by itself, create a presumption of an international transaction for transfer pricing purposes.

Result: Appeal allowed in part.

Table of Content
1. jurisdiction and nature of assessment of the assessee. (Para 1 , 3 , 4)
2. summary of the grounds of appeal regarding corporate tax and transfer pricing. (Para 2)
3. allowability of compensation paid to distributors as business expenditure under section 37. (Para 5 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18)
4. amp expenses are not international transactions absent evidence of concerted action. (Para 19)
5. remand of management service fees and interest on receivables for fresh inquiry. (Para 20 , 21)
6. final outcome of the appeal. (Para 22)

O R D E R

PER ANUBHAV SHARMA, JM:

The assessee has come in appeal against the assessment orderpassed by the Dy. Commissioner of Income Tax, Circle 25(1), Delhi, under Section 143(3) r.w.s. 144C(13)r.w.s. 144B of the income-tax Act, 1961 pertaining to the assessment year 2020-21 in pursuance to directions of learned Dispute Resolution Panel (DRP).

2. The appeal of assesse raised following grounds;

“General Grounds:

1. On the facts and circumstances of the case, the assessment order passed by the Learned Assessment Unit (hereinafter referred to as ‘Learned Assessing officer’ or ‘Ld. AO’) under section 143(3) r.w.s. 1440(13) r.w.s 144B of the Income-tax Act, 1961 (‘the Act’) after following directions of the Dispute Resolution Panel -I (‘Ld. DRP’) is bad in law and barred by limitation.

2. On the facts and circumstances of the case and in law, the Ld. AO has erred in determining the total income of the Appellant at INR 29,357,707 as against the returned loss of INR 211,001,542 claimed by the Appellant in its return of income, thereby making additions/disallowances of INR 235,001,701 in the final assessment order.

Corporate Tax Grounds:

3. On the facts and circumstances of the case, and in law, while computing assessed income of the Appellant, the Ld. AO erred in considering income of INR (-)205,643,994 as computed under section I43(1) of the Act instead of INR (-)211,001,542 as reported in the return of income filed for the year under consideration.

4. On the facts and circumstances of the case, and in law, the Ld. AO erred in disallowing amount of INR 15,22,95,235 towards distributor expenses claimed by the Assessee alleging expenditure does not satisfy the conditions laid down in section 37 of the Act.

Transfer Pricing Grounds:

5. That on the facts and circumstances of the case and in law, the Ld. AO/ Learned Transfer Pricing Officer (‘Ld. TPO’) [in pursuance to the directions of the Ld. DRP] have erred in undertaking adjustment on account of Advertising, Marketing and Promotion (“AMP”) expenses by INR 5,35,18,215. In doing so, the Ld. AO / Ld. TPO erred in:

5.1. not appreciating the fact that AMP expenses incurred by Appellant is not an international transaction in terms of the Section 92B of the Act, thereby violating the principles laid down by the jurisdictional High Court;

5.2. not providing any reason/documentary evidence to demonstrate that the AMP expenses incurred by the Appellant constitute an international transaction;

5.3. not appreciating the characterization of the Appellant, that it functions in the capacity of a licensed manufacturer and is entitled to the residual profit/loss arising in the business;

5.4. not appreciating that in the case of an entrepreneurial entity, if the payment of royalty as well as import of raw material is demonstrated to be at arm's length and the residual profit/loss reside in India, having regard to the functional, asset and risk analysis of the Appellant, the question of any adjustment , on account of AMP expenses does not arise;

5.5. not appreciating that the Appellant is the economic owner of any marketing intangibles commensurate with the functions performed in India;

5.6. not appreciating that the Appellant incurs such expenses on its own account for selling its products in India and derives adequate risks / rewards thereof;

5.7. applying Residual Profit Split Method (‘RPSM’) using Bright Line Test (BLT) approach and

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