SupremeToday Landscape Ad
Back
Next
Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation
Listen Audio Icon Pause Audio Icon
judgment-img

2026 Supreme(Jhk) 519

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI
PRADEEP KUMAR SRIVASTAVA, J.
Manarul Sk., S/o. Ahmad Ali - Appellant
Versus
The State of Jharkhand - Respondent
Cr. Appeal (S.J.) No. 425 of 2009
Decided On : 09-04-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Ms. Anjana Rana, Mr. Om Prakash.
For the Respondent: Mr. Prabir Chatterjee, Spl.P.P.

In the absence of specific overt acts establishing an intent to commit rape, a conviction for attempted rape is unsustainable. Appellate courts may alter such convictions to outraging modesty and adjust sentences to reflect the total time spent in custody, ensuring proportionality.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code - Sections 354, 448, 376, 511 - Attempt to commit rape - Conviction challenged on grounds of insufficient overt acts and delay in lodging complaint - Appellate court finding that evidence on record fails to establish criminal intent for rape but confirms conduct infringing upon modesty - Conviction altered to lesser offense accordingly. (Paras 8, 11, 12)

(B) Sentencing - Proportionality - Appellate court discretion to reconcile sentence with altered conviction where the defendant has served significant time in custody during the proceedings. (Para 13)

Facts of the case:
The appellant was convicted for house trespass and attempt to commit rape. Evidence presented showed that the victim woke to find the accused in her room attempting an act, which was interrupted by the arrival of a parent. A subsequent village reconciliation meeting regarding marriage failed, leading to a significant delay in the filing of the formal complaint. The defense argued the incident was fabricated and contended that the evidence, at most, characterized conduct relating to the violation of modesty.

Findings of Court:
The court determined that the evidence regarding intent and physical actions did not support the charge of attempt to rape. The totality of the circumstances suggested the conduct was restricted to outraging modesty. Consequently, the appellate court set aside the conviction for the graver offense.

Issues: Whether the conviction for attempt to commit rape was supported by the evidence and whether the imposed sentence required modification upon the reclassification of the offense.

Ratio Decidendi: In the absence of evidence proving specific overt acts toward the commission of a grave sexual offense, the charges must be limited to those consistent with the established facts. Appellate courts may substitute convictions for lesser included offenses and reduce sentences to periods commensurate with the time served in custody when such adjustments align with justice and proportionality.

Result: Appeal dismissed on merits with modification of conviction; sentence reduced to the period of imprisonment already undergone.

Table of Content
1. procedural history and factual foundation of the trial court conviction. (Para 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7)
2. contention regarding sufficiency of evidence and appropriate legal charges. (Para 8 , 9 , 10)
3. distinction between attempted rape and outraging modesty. (Para 11 , 12)
4. determination of sentence based on period of detention. (Para 13 , 14 , 15 , 16)

JUDGMENT :

1. Heard learned counsel for the parties.

2. Present criminal appeal is preferred against the judgment of conviction and order of sentence dated 31.03.2009 passed by learned 1st Additional Sessions Judge, Pakur in Sessions Case No. 101 of 2008, whereby and whereunder, the appellant has been held guilty for the offence under Section 448 and 376/511 of the I.P.C. and sentenced to undergo S.I. for six months for the offence under Section 448 of the I.P.C. and R.I. of five years for the offence under Section 376/511 of the I.P.C.

FACTUAL MATRIX

3. The factual matrix giving rise to this appeal is that on 19.02.2008, the victim girl, aged about 17 years was sleeping at her house in the night and at about 11:00 P.M., the appellant trespassed into her house with plastic torch and started removing her sari and tried to commit rape with her, then the victim girl woke up and raised alarm, thereafter the mother of the victim girl reached there and caught hold the appellant. On hulla, parents of the appellant also arrived there and released the appellant. On the next day, a village Panchayat was called for in the Village for the immoral act of the accused and it was suggested that the appellant should marry with the victim girl and the parents of the appellant had also assured, but the uncle of the appellant denied for the marriage and the marriage could not be solemnized. Thereafter, on the basis of fardbeyan of the victim girl, Pakur (M) P.S. Case No. 28/2008 was instituted for the offence under Sections 452 and 376/511 of the I.P.C.

4. After completion of investigation, charge sheet was submitted against the above-named sole accused. Accordingly, cognizance of the offence was taken and the case was committed to the court of Sessions for trial and disposal. On 30.07.2008, charge under Section 452 and 376/511 of the I.P.C. was framed against the accused, to which he pleaded not guilty and claimed to be tried.

5. In course of trial, altogether seven witnesses have been examined by the prosecution. Apart from oral testimony of the witnesses, following documentary evidences have been brought on record:-

Exhibit-1Fardbeyan.
Exhibit-2Formal F.I.R.

6. The case of defence is denial from occurrence and false implication. No witness has been examined on behalf of defence. However, only one documentary evidence has been adduced on behalf defence, which is as follows:

Exhibit-AC.C. of charge sheet of G.R. Case No. 657/2007.

7. After conclusion of trial, the appellant was held guilty and sentenced as stated above.

8. Learned counsel for the appellant has submitted that the appellant is wrongly convicted for the offence under Sections 376 read with 511 of the I.P.C. No specific over act has been attributed towards commission of rape with the victim girl, who is alleged to be under love affairs with the appellant. There is simple allegation that in the night, present appellant entered into the house of the victim girl (P.W.-6) lifted her sari and wanted to commit rape with the victim girl, but in the meantime, the victim girl raised alarm and her mother came and appellant was caught, thereafter villagers were also assembled and talk of marriage took place, but the uncle of the present appellant has denied from the marriage. Therefore, this case was lodged after 14 days. It has further been submitted that the core prosecution story is centered round due to non-solemnization of marriage of the victim girl with the appellant. The story of entering into the house of the informant and other incidents are concocted. No valid explanation has been offered by prosecution for such inordinate dela

Click Here to Read the rest of this document
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
SupremeToday Portrait Ad
supreme today icon
logo-black

An indispensable Tool for Legal Professionals, Endorsed by Various High Court and Judicial Officers

Please visit our Training & Support
Center or Contact Us for assistance

qr

Scan Me!

India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!

For Daily Legal Updates, Join us on :

whatsapp-icon Back to top