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2026 Supreme(Online)(J&K) 599

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR AND LADAKH AT SRINAGAR
Sanjay Dhar, J
Bashir Ahmad Bhat – Appellant
Versus
UT of J&K – Respondent
CrlM No.1833/2026 in CrlA(S) No.19/2025



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: N. A. Ronga
For the Respondents: Ilyas Laway

In cases involving commercial quantities of contraband under the NDPS Act, the mandatory twin conditions of Section 37 must be satisfied for the grant of bail or suspension of sentence, and rigorous statutory requirements prevail over claims of long incarceration unless specific procedural failures or undue delay are established.

Headnote:(A) Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 - Sections 8, 15(c), 37, 42, 50 - Suspension of sentence - Application for bail pending appeal - Conviction for possession of commercial quantity - Twin conditions of Section 37 must be satisfied - Long incarceration alone, absent special circumstances or delay not attributable to the appellant, does not automatically override the strict requirements of Section 37 in commercial quantity cases. (Paras 8, 9, 13, 14, 20)

(B) Appellate Court - Scope of power - Not to undertake meticulous re-evaluation of evidence at the stage of bail, but to consider prima facie merits and public policy regarding drug trafficking. (Paras 12, 16)

Facts of the case:
Appellant was convicted for possessing 70 kgs of Poppy Straw (commercial quantity) and sentenced to ten years imprisonment. Appellant sought suspension of sentence and bail pending appeal, citing long incarceration (over four years) and alleged inconsistencies in prosecution evidence, specifically regarding non-association of civil witnesses and lack of adherence to search procedures.

Findings of Court:
The court held that the mandatory twin conditions for bail under Section 37 of the NDPS Act (reasonable grounds for believing the accused is not guilty and not likely to commit another offence) were not met. The court further noted that the appellant's right to speedy trial under Article 21 is not undermined when the delay in hearing the appeal is partly due to the appellant's own request for time.

Issues: 1. Whether the applicant meets the twin conditions under Section 37 of the NDPS Act for suspension of sentence. 2. Whether long incarceration of over four years entitles the applicant to bail notwithstanding the commercial quantity recovery.

Ratio Decidendi: Where recovery of commercial quantity of contraband is involved, the rigours of Section 37 of the NDPS Act are mandatory and cannot be diluted by the right to speedy trial. Bail cannot be granted if there is no prima facie satisfaction that the accused is not guilty, especially when the appellate court is willing to hear the main appeal and the delay is not solely attributable to the court.

Result: Application for suspension of sentence and grant of bail dismissed; liberty granted to renew the prayer if the appeal is not heard within six months for reasons not attributable to the appellant.

Table of Content
1. overview of conviction and prayer for suspension of sentence. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. contentions regarding detention duration versus statutory bars. (Para 5 , 6 , 8)
3. legal requirements for bail under section 37 ndps act. (Para 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14)
4. examination of trial evidence and applicability of procedural provisions. (Para 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19)
5. evaluation of constitutional rights versus judicial discretion. (Para 20 , 21 , 22)

ORDER

1. By this order, application of the applicant/appellant for suspension of sentence and grant of bail in a case arising out of FIR No.230/2021 for offences under Section 8/15 NDPS Act, is proposed to be disposed of.

2. The applicant/appellant has been convicted of offence under Section 8/15(c) of the NDPS Act for possession of commercial quantity of Poppy Straw, in terms of judgment dated 25.10.2025 recorded by the learned Special Judge (Designated under NDPS Act), Anantnag (hereinafter referred to as “the Special Judge”). Vide order dated 27.10.2025 passed by the learned Special Judge, the applicant/appellant has been sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for a period of ten years and a fine of Rs.1.00 lakh) (rupees one lakh). In default of payment of fine, the appellant has been directed to undergo rigorous imprisonment for a further period of one year.

3. By virtue of the accompanying appeal, the appellant has laid challenge to the impugned judgment of conviction and order of sentence on several grounds. The applicant/appellant has sought suspension of sentence imposed upon him by the trial court and has also prayed for grant of bail pending consideration of the appeal.

4. As per the prosecution case, which has been found established against the appellant in terms of the judgment under challenge in the accompanying appeal, on 19.08.2021, the police, while on routine patrolling at Dhonipora adjacent to National Highway crossing, Anantnag, intercepted a vehicle (Alto 800) bearing registration No.JK18A-1097, that was proceeding from Anantnag towards Sangam. During search of the vehicle, the police party recovered five Nylon bags concealed inside the vehicle containing a total of 70 kgs of Poppy Straw. The appellant was found to be incharge of the vehicle at the relevant time. After full dressed trial of the case, charges against the appellant were found established and he was convicted of offences under Section 8/15(c) of NDPS Act in terms of judgment dated 25.10.2025 passed by the learned Special Judge, which is under challenge in the accompanying appeal.

5. In the application seeking suspension of sentence and grant of bail, it has been contended that the appellant is an innocent person and that in view of the grounds projected in the memorandum of appeal, he is surely going to succeed as he has a strong prima face in his favour. It has been contended that the appellant has already undergone more than four years of imprisonment while facing trial and that decision of appeal is going to take some time, therefore, he deserves to be enlarged on bail.

6. The application has been contested by the respondent by filing its reply, wherein it has been contended that by virtue of the impugned judgment passed by the learned Special Judge, it has been proved beyond doubt that the appellant was in possession of commercial quantity of contraband, therefore, the provisions of Section 37 of the NDPS Act are attracted to his case and unless he satisfies the strict conditions for grant of bail as laid down in the said provision, he cannot be granted bail. It has been contended that the impugned judgment passed by the learned Special Judge is well-reasoned and the same does not admit of any interference from this Court. It has been further contended that enlarging the appellant on bail would give a wrong signal to the society at large as the menace of drug trafficking has assumed alarmed proportions.

7. I have heard learned counsel for the parties and

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