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2026 Supreme(Online)(Kar) 9344

THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA
M.G.S. Kamal, J
CHAND PASHA @ MOHD. YAKOOB, SHABBIR PASHA, SIKANDHAR PASHA, JAVID PASHA, JAMSHEED – Appellant
Versus
STATE OF KARNATAKA – Respondent
CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 1096 OF 2014



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: SRI. VEERANNA G TIGADI
For the Respondents: SRI. M. DIVAKAR MADDUR

The prosecution failed to prove grievous injuries beyond reasonable doubt, leading to a modified conviction under Section 324 IPC with increased fines.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 144, 148, 307 read with Section 149 - Conviction of appellants for assaulting complainant and others - Prosecution must prove grievous injuries with sufficient medical evidence - Court modifies conviction under Section 324, enhancing fine amount - A total of Rs.4,00,000/- fine imposed with Rs.75,000/- directed to injured parties as compensation. (Paras 8-20)

(B) Criminal Procedure - Burden of proof - Prosecution's obligation to substantiate allegations beyond reasonable doubt through reliable evidence including medical records - Mere wound certificates insufficient without X-ray evidence for grievous injuries. (Paras 11-12)

Facts of the case:
The case involves a dispute over property between the complainant and the accused, resulting in physical assaults with weapons. Multiple witnesses attested to the injuries sustained by the complainant and others. Prosecution's evidence included multiple wound certificates.

Findings of Court:
Prosecution failed to provide adequate proof of grievous injuries required under Section 307 IPC; conviction modified to Section 324 IPC with enhanced penalties appropriately assigned.

Issues: Whether the trial Court correctly convicted the accused for the stated offences particularly under Section 307 IPC?

Ratio Decidendi: The court concluded that insufficient medical evidence was provided to substantiate grievous injuries necessary for the conviction under Section 307 IPC, warranting a resolution under Section 324 IPC instead.

Result: Appeal partly allowed with modified sentencing.

Table of Content
1. property dispute leading to violent incident. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. defense arguments on lack of evidence for grievous harm. (Para 8 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14)
3. court's assessment of insufficient medical proof for grievous injuries. (Para 16 , 19 , 20)
4. modification of conviction from 307 to 324 ipc. (Para 23 , 24)
5. court's final orders on appeal outcome and penalties. (Para 27)

ORAL JUDGMENT

The appellants/accused Nos.1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 are before this Court being aggrieved by the judgment of conviction dated 21.11.2014 and order on sentence dated 29.11.2014, passed by the learned II Addl.Sessions Judge, Kolar, (hereinafter referred to as `trial Court’), in Sessions Case No.195/2011, by which the trial Court has convicted them for the offences punishable under Sections 144 , 148, 307 r/w. Section 149 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 and sentenced them accordingly.

2. The summary of the case of the prosecution is that, complainant - Mohammed Khuddus filed a complaint as per Ex.P-1 stating that, there was a vacant space measuring 40' x 50' on the rear side of his residential house, which was being claimed by one Chand Pasha @ Mohammad Yakub, which was the reason for frequent quarrels.

3. That on 08.05.2010, at about 6.30 p.m., when the complainant was at his home, the children of said Chand Pasha viz., Shabbir Pasha, Sikandhar Pasha, Javid Pasha, Jamsheed Pasha and his wife Sayeeda Bhanu, forming an unlawful assembly, trespassed into the house along with weapons and assaulted the complainant and his younger brother Mohammad Basheer and with an intention of eliminating him, accused No.1 Chand Pasha assaulted on his head with the machhet; accused No.6 Jamsheed assaulted on his left hand; accused No.3 Sikandhar Pasha, accused No.2 Shabbir Pasha and accused No.4 Javid Paasha assaulted him with long chopper. When the complainant and others tried to intervene and to separate them, Mohammad Gafoor and his wife Zeenath Unnisa assaulted the complainant and his wife. That the said persons had come to the spot in a TATA Sumo vehicle bearing registration No.KA-05-MD-492. The injured were taken to SNR Hospital at Kolar and at the advice of the Medical Officer, they were further taken to R.L.Jalappa Hospital, where they underwent the treatment.

4. Pursuant to the said complaint, a crime was registered by the jurisdictional police for the offences punishable under Sections 143, 147, 148, 324, 307 read with Section 149 of IPC . After investigation, charge sheet was filed, charges were framed and matter was taken up for trial.

5. To prove the guilt of the accused persons, the prosecution examined 12 witnesses as PW-1 to PW-12, marked 8 documents as Exs.P-1 to P-8 and produced 5 materials objects as MO-1 to MO-5. No evidence was led on behalf of the accused.

6. The trial Court framed the following points for its consideration :

1. Whether the prosecution proves beyond all reasonable doubt that on or about 8.5.2010 at 6.30 p.m., near the house of CW.1 Mohammed Khuddus at Seethahalli village, accused No.1 to 6 armed with deadly weapons like chopper and long choppers were members of an unlawful assembly, the common object of which was to commit murder of CW.1 Md. Khuddus, CW.2 Md Gafoor and CW.4 Jeeyath Unnisa and thereby committed an offence punishable U/S 144 of IPC ?

2. Whether the prosecution proves that accused No.1 to 6 being members of unlawful assembly, the common object of which was to commit murder of CW. 1, 2 and 4, committed the offence of rioting and at that time were armed with deadly weapons like choppers and long choppers which are if used as weapon were likely to cause death and thereby committed an offence punishable u/s 148 of IPC ?

3. Whether the prosecution proves that accused No.1 to 6 being members of unlawful assembly, the common object of which was to commit murder of CW.1, 2 and 4 and in prosecution of common object of such unlawful assembly, did an act, accused No.1 assaulted CW.1 Md.Khuddus with chopper on hi

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