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2026 Supreme(Online)(Kar) 18114

THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA
V Srishananda, J
M C Aziz @ Riji – Appellant
Versus
State of Karnataka – Respondent
CRL.RP No. 858 of 2018



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Jagadish Baliga N
For the Respondents: K. Nageshwarappa

The non-examination of an Investigating Officer does not invalidate a conviction where the recovery of stolen property is proved beyond reasonable doubt through the consistent and reliable testimony of other material witnesses, particularly when no motive for false implication is established.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code - Sections 457 and 380 - Theft and lurking house-trespass - Conviction based on recovery of stolen property pursuant to voluntary statement - Non-examination of Investigating Officer due to death does not negate reliable testimony of recovery witnesses - Burden of proof met through consistent evidence of witnesses who witnessed seizure mahazar. (Paras 23-27)

(B) Evidence Act - Recovery of stolen property - Disclosure statement leading to recovery - Credibility of recovery witnesses - Absence of enmity between accused and police officials strengthens reliability of recovery evidence. (Paras 23, 26)

Facts of the case:
The complainant alleged that on August 4, 2000, his house was burgled, resulting in the theft of cash worth Rs. 10,30,000 and gold ornaments. Following an investigation, the accused was apprehended, and stolen items were recovered based on his voluntary disclosure statement. The accused was convicted by the trial court and the conviction was upheld by the first appellate court.

Findings of Court:
The court affirmed the trial court's findings, noting that the prosecution successfully proved the recovery of stolen property. The non-examination of the Investigating Officer was held to be immaterial since he had passed away, and the testimonies of other material witnesses regarding the seizure were consistent and credible.

Issues: Whether the conviction can be sustained given the non-examination of the Investigating Officer and whether the recovery evidence is sufficient to establish guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.

Ratio Decidendi: Where recovery of stolen property is established through credible testimony of material witnesses who were present during the seizure, the death or non-examination of the Investigating Officer does not per se cause prejudice or invalidate the prosecution's case, especially when no animosity is proven against the witnesses.

Result: Revision petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. overview of criminal proceedings and recovery of stolen items. (Para 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 6)
2. trial court conviction and appellate court re-appreciation of evidence. (Para 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11)
3. revisional jurisdiction confirms conviction based on reliable recovery evidence. (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27)

THIS CRIMINAL REVISION PETITION IS FILED UNDER SECTION 397 R/W 401 CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PRAYING TO SET ASIDE THE JUDGMENT AND ORDER DATED 04.07.2018 PASSED BY THE PRINCIPAL SESSIONS JUDGE, KODAGU AT MADIKERI IN CRL.A.NO.66/2013 AND THEREBY SET ASIDE THE JUDGMENT DATED 26.10.2013 ON THE FILE OF ADDITIONAL CIVIL JUDGE AND J.M.F.C., SOMWARPET SITTING AT KUSHALNAGAR IN C.C.NO.694/2001 THEREBY ACQUIT THE PETITIONER FOR THE CHARGES FRAMED.

THIS PETITION, COMING ON FOR HEARING, THIS DAY, ORDER WAS MADE THEREIN AS UNDER:

CORAM: HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE V SRISHANANDA

ORAL ORDER

Heard Sri Jagadish Baliga N., learned counsel for the revision petitioner and Sri K. Nageshwarappa, learned High Court Government Pleader for the respondent/State.

2. Revision petitioner is the accused who suffered an order of conviction in C.C.No.694/2001 for the offences punishable under Section 457 and 380 of Indian Penal code. The order of conviction and sentence was challenged before the First Appellate Court in Crl.A.No.66/2013, which came to be dismissed by considered judgment dated 04.07.2018.

3.1. The complaint averments reveal that on 04.08.2000 at about 03.00 a.m., complainant and his family members had been to pilgrimage by locking the door of the house in a hired car.

3.2. When they returned on 05.08.2000 at about 07.30 p.m., they noticed that front door lock was opened and when they went inside the house, they noticed that some unknown culprits had broke open the ventilator with a grinding stone and illegally trespassed inside the house and broke open the lock of pooja room, bedroom and Godrej Almirah and they have stolen away sum of Rs.10,30,000/- cash and Gold ornaments and total loss was estimated at Rs.18,30,000/-.

4. On receipt of complaint, Kushalnagara Police after registering the case in Crime No.103/2000 investigated the matter and apprehended the petitioner. Based on his voluntary statement recovered the stolen articles namely, M.O.6 to M.O.14 and cash worth Rs.4,00,000/- vide M.O.17 and a necklace vide M.O.18 and other related articles and thereafter filed the charge sheet against the accused. The stolen seized articles were placed before the Magistrate vide P. F. No.31/2006.

5. Among the stolen seized articles, M.O.1 to M.O.3 and M.O.4 to 16 were handed over to the complainant with a direction to place it before the Court as and when directed.

6. On receipt of the charge sheet, learned Trial Magistrate took cognizance of the offences held against the accused and secured the presence of the accused and framed charges. Accused pleaded not guilty, therefore trial was held.

7. In order to bring home the guilt of the accused, prosecution proceeded to examine 19 witnesses as per Ex.P.1 to Ex.P.19 and placed on record 25 documentary evidence which were exhibited and marked as Ex.P.1 to Ex.P.25. Seventy five material objects were placed on record in support of the case of the prosecution which are marked as M.O.1 to M.O.75.

8. On conclusion of recording of the prosecution evidence, accused statement as is contemplated under Section 313 of Code of Criminal Procedure was recorded by Trial Magistrate wherein accused has denied all the incriminatory circumstances.

9. Thereafter, learned Trial Magistrate heard the arguments of the parties and on cumulative consideration of the oral and documentary evidence placed on record noting the fact that the stolen articles were seized by the police pursuant to the voluntary statement of the accused and sentenced as under:

“The accused is hereby sentenced to undergo R.I. for 2 years and fine of Rs.5,000/- for the offence punishable u/sec.

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