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2026 Supreme(Online)(Kar) 21058

THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA
M.G.S. Kamal, J
Nagesha M C – Appellant
Versus
State Of Karnataka – Respondent
CRL.A No. 490 of 2026



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Lakshmikanth K.
For the Respondents: Vinay Mahadevaiah

Anticipatory bail is maintainable under the SC/ST (POA) Act if the FIR, at first blush, fails to establish a prima facie case of intentional caste-based humiliation or abuse as required by the Statute.

Headnote:(A) Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 2015 - Section 3(1)(r)(s) - Anticipatory Bail - Prima facie case - Essentiality of casteist intent - The court held that for an offence under S. 3(1)(r)(s) to be made out, it is essential that the insult or intimidation must be committed with the specific intent of humiliating a person on the grounds of their caste identity - Mere mention of a person's name or verbal abuse without reference to their caste is insufficient - In the absence of such specific motive, the absolute bar under Section 18 of the Act against granting anticipatory bail does not apply. (Paras 7, 8, 9, 10)

Facts of the case:
The appellant, a supervisor at a garment factory, was accused by a colleague of verbal abuse, physical assault, and outraging modesty following a dispute regarding tailoring work. The respondent-complainant alleged offences under the SC/ST (POA) Act and the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita. The trial court rejected the appellant's petition for anticipatory bail, prompting this appeal.

Findings of Court:
The court observed that the complaint lacked any reference to the complainant's caste or the use of caste-based slurs, failing to establish a prima facie case as required under the Act. Consequently, the court exercised its discretion to grant anticipatory bail despite the general statutory bar under the Act.

Issues: Whether the complaint established a prima facie case under Section 3(1)(r)(s) of the SC&ST (POA) Act and whether the court was barred from granting anticipatory bail.

Ratio Decidendi: An offence under the SC/ST (POA) Act requires caste-based humiliation as an essential element. If the FIR at the 'first blush' does not reveal such intent, the bar under Section 18 does not prevent the court from exercising its discretion to grant bail.

Result: Appeal allowed; bail granted.

Table of Content
1. procedural history and factual summary regarding allegations of employment dispute and harassment. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
2. legal standard for caste-based humiliation and grounds for relaxing the anticipatory bail bar under the act. (Para 7 , 8 , 9 , 10)
3. application of law to facts and grant of anticipatory bail with specific conditions. (Para 11 , 12)

THIS CRL.A. IS FILED U/S 14(A)(2) OF SC/ST (POA) ACT R/W. SECTION 482 OF BNSS ACT PRAYING TO SET ASIDE THE ORDER DATED 26.02.2026 PASSED IN CRL.MISC.NO.551/2026 BY C/C.LXX ADDL.CITY CIVIL AND SESSIONS JUDGE AND SPL.JUDGE BENGALURU, CCH-71 AND RELEASE THE APPELLANT ON ANTICIPATORY BAIL FOR THE ALLEGED OFFENCES P/U/S 74,126(2),351(2),115(2) AND 352 OF BNS ACT THE SC/ST (POA) AMENDMENT ACT 2015, UNDER SEC.3(1)(r)(s) IN THEIR CRIME NO.25/2026 OF RESPONDENT PEENYA P.S. BENGALURU PENDING ON THE FILE OF THE LEARNED HONBLE COURT OF C/C. LXX ADDL.CITY CIVIL AND SESSIONS JUDGE AND SPL.JUDGE BENGALURU CCH-71.

THIS APPEAL, COMING ON FOR ADMISSION, THIS DAY, JUDGMENT WAS DELIVERED THEREIN AS UNDER:

CORAM: HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE M.G.S. KAMAL

ORAL JUDGMENT

1. This appeal is by the accused in Crime No.25/2026 registered in Peenya Police Station for the offences punishable under Section 3(1)(r)(s) of The Scheduled Castes And The Scheduled Tribes (Prevention Of Atrocities) Amendment Act, 2015 (SC&ST(POA)Act for short) and under Sections 74 , 126(2), 351(2), 115(2) and 352 of Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita Act, 2023 (BNS Act), being aggrieved by the order dated 26.02.2026 passed in Crl.Misc.No.551/2026 on the file of LXX Additional City Civil and Sessions Judge (Special Judge), Bengaluru,

2. Learned counsel for the appellant submits that the appellant is a Supervisor of R.A. Fashion Garments Factory, where the respondent No.2-complainant is working as a Tailor. It is in the usual course of business, the appellant had supervised the quality of tailoring work by the respondent No.2 - complainant. The complaint is filed only with an ulterior motive without any substance. He submits that perusal of the complaint do not reveal commission of any offence. Hence, seeks for allowing the appeal.

3. Learned High Court Government Pleader justifying the order impugned and also referring to Section 18 of the SC&ST(POA) Act submits that there is a legal bar for granting anticipatory bail. Therefore, seeks for rejection of appeal.

4. Despite service of notice to respondent No.2 - de facto complainant is not present.

5. Heard learned counsel for the appellant and learned High Court Government Pleader for respondent No.1 and perused the records.

6. A complaint dated 13.01.2026 came to be filed by respondent No.2-de facto complainant. The contents of complaint are as under:

"ಈ ೕಲಂಡ ಷಯೆ ಸಂಬಂದಂೆ ಾನು ೕಲಂಡ ಾಸದ ಸುಾರು 7 ವಷಗ!ಂದ "ಾಸ"ಾ#ದು$ ಚನ&ಾಯಕನ (ಾಳ*ದರುವ R. A. Fashion ಎಂಬ ,ಾಂ-. ನ ಕೆದ ಆರು ವಷಗ!ಂದ ,ಾಂ- ನ Tailoring ೆಲಸ ಾ0ೊಂ0ರುೆ2ೕೆ. ಈ#ರು"ಾಗ ಕೆದ 3 4ಂಗ!5ಂದ ಅ7ೇ ,ಾಂ-. ನ ಾ,ೇಶ ಎಂಬುವವನು Tailoring ೆಲಸದದು$ ನನ,ೆ ಾನಕ"ಾ# 9ಂ:ೆ 5ೕಡುಾ2, <ಾ=,ೆ ಬಂದಂೆ >ುಲಕ ಾರಣೆ ಅವಚ*"ಾ# <ೈಯು42ದ$ನು ಆದAೆ ಈ Bನ ಾ : 13.01.2026 ರಂದು ಸಂDೆ ,ಾಂ-. Eಡುವ ಸಮಯ ಸುಾರು 6 ಗಂHೆಯ ಾ,ೇಶನು ೆಲಸದ ಷಯ"ಾ# ನನ,ೆ 5ೕನು ಸIJಾ# Tailoring ೆಲಸ ಾಡು42ಲ ಎಂದು DೋAಾ# ಗದIದನು, ಇದIಂದ ಾನು 5ಮL ೆಲಸ ಾವM ಾ0 ನಮL ೆಲಸ ಾನು ಾಡುೆ2ೕೆ ಎಂBದ$ೆ ಮತ2ಷುO DೋAಾ# ಗದIಸುಾ2 5ನ& ಅಮLP :ೊೆ ಮುಂQೆ 5ನ&ಮLP Dಾ4ಾ ೇಯ <ೆವRಂದು <ೈದು, ಾನು ಮJಾ7ೆ ೊಟುO ಾತಾ0 ಏನೆ ಬU*ೕದು ಎಂದು ೇ!7ಾಗ ಅವನು ಮತ2ಷುO VO,ೆದು$ ನನ& ಮುಂ7ೆ ಬಂದು ತWೆ ಕೂದಲು 90ದುೊಂಡು ೖ ೕನ ಬHೆO ಎೆದು ನನ&ನು& ಅಡXಗVO ಬಲಕೆ&,ೆ DೋAಾ# ೈ=ಂದ YೊQೆದು ೋವMಂಟು ಾ0 ,ಾಯಪ0ದನು ನಂತರ ಅಳ[ಾ2 \Aಾ07ಾಗ ಅವನು ಸುಮL5ರ7ೇ 5ನ&ಮLP ಸೂೆ ಮುಂQೆ, Dಾ4 ಾ ೇಯ ಎಂದು <ೈದು ಾನು 5ನ&ನು& ಸುಮLೆ EಡುವMBಲ ಒಂದು ಗ4 ಾ^ಸುೆ2ೕೆಂದು _ೕವ <ೆದIೆ Yಾ`ರುಾ2ೆ. ನಂತರ ಾನು aಾನ ತbc ೆಳಗQೆ E7ಾ$ಗ ಅWೇ ೆಲಸ ಾಡುವ Aೇdಾ ಪeDಾ ರೕಶ ಮತು2 ಇತರರು :ೇIದಂೆ ನನ&ನು& ಎEf 5ೕರು ಕು0 ಸಾgಾನ ಪ0ದರು ೆಲ ಸಮಯದ ನಂತರ ನನ,ೆ ಪIಚಯರುವ ನಮL ಸಂಬಂJಾದ ೕAಾಂಜೇಯ ರವರನು& ಕAೆ iಾjೆ,ೆ ಬಂBದು$ ಆದ$Iಂದ ಾ,ೇಶ ಎಂಬುವವನು ನನ,ೆ ಅಡXಗVO ಸೂೆಮುಂQೆ Dಾ4 ಾೆಯ ಎಂದು ತುಚk"ಾ# <ೈದು _ೕವ <ೆದIೆ Yಾ` ೈ=ಂದ ನನ& ಬಲ ೆೆ&,ೆ YೊQೆBದು$ ಆತನ ೕWೆ ಾನೂನು ಕlಮ ಜರು#ಸ<ೇೆಂದು ಈ ಮೂಲಕ ತಮL ೇ!ೊಳ[mೆ2ೕೆ ಮೆ2 ನನ,ೆ ಾ*ಯ ಒದ#ಸ<ೇೆಂದು ೇ!

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